早強免蒸養(yǎng)混凝土試驗研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-28 10:28
【摘要】：近年來,隨著社會發(fā)展以及城鎮(zhèn)化水平的加深,我國人口紅利逐漸消失,勞動力短缺現(xiàn)象愈發(fā)嚴重。因此,開始越來越重視建筑行業(yè)低效率高能耗的現(xiàn)狀,總結(jié)經(jīng)驗,落實國情,效仿歐美發(fā)達國家,在國內(nèi)逐步推行建筑工業(yè)化。裝配式預(yù)制構(gòu)件是建筑工業(yè)化的核心與基礎(chǔ),現(xiàn)階段的裝配式預(yù)制構(gòu)件生產(chǎn),仍沿用老式的預(yù)制件生產(chǎn)工藝,即在預(yù)制構(gòu)件生產(chǎn)完成之后,用蒸汽養(yǎng)護的方法,使構(gòu)件快速達到拆模強度。但是面臨我國日益嚴峻的環(huán)境問題,蒸汽養(yǎng)護的方法也帶來了弊端。本研究首先研制合成了一種早強型聚羧酸高效減水劑PC-Z,減水率30%~35%,該減水劑對硅酸鹽水泥和硫鋁酸鹽水泥均具有良好適應(yīng)性,且相比普通減水劑,具有明顯早強效果。使用該早強型聚羧酸高效減水劑PC-Z可以在減水極限內(nèi),配制出水灰比0.32的超低水灰比混凝土,在提高混凝土強度等級的同時,早期強度也大幅度提高。隨后,本研究探討了在早強型聚羧酸高效減水劑PC-Z作用下,膠凝材料、礦物摻合料對預(yù)制混凝土免蒸養(yǎng)性能的影響。得到標準養(yǎng)護溫度下最佳效果的組合為:選用5%硫鋁酸鹽水泥以及雙摻15%礦粉、10%粉煤灰等量代替水泥,可以起到保證強度、提高和易性、節(jié)約水泥的作用。在低溫條件時,礦粉和粉煤灰都會影響混凝土早強,因此選用10%~15%超細礦粉等量替代水泥,可以有效提高混凝土早期強度。最后,以山東乾元澤孚科技股份有限公司實際生產(chǎn)為工程實例,結(jié)合試驗規(guī)律,成功研制出可以夏季(高溫)、春秋季(中溫)及冬季(低溫)三種季節(jié)溫度下,實現(xiàn)免蒸養(yǎng)的預(yù)制混凝土,可以使混凝土16 h免蒸養(yǎng)強度超過22.5 MPa,滿足實際生產(chǎn)要求。最后對所研制的免蒸養(yǎng)混凝土進行經(jīng)濟性分析,計算得到本產(chǎn)品整體價格,要低于普通蒸汽養(yǎng)護混凝土。若將其成果用于實際工程的預(yù)制混凝土中,可以在不進行蒸汽養(yǎng)護的情況下,提高混凝土早期強度,加快模具周轉(zhuǎn),節(jié)約材料成本以及企業(yè)運營成本,并且降低能耗,減少環(huán)境污染,經(jīng)濟效益以及環(huán)境效益顯著。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of society and the deepening of urbanization, the dividend of population gradually disappears, and the shortage of labor force becomes more and more serious. Therefore, more and more attention has been paid to the current situation of low efficiency and high energy consumption in the construction industry, summing up the experience, implementing the national conditions, imitating the developed countries in Europe and America, and gradually promoting the construction industrialization in our country. Prefabricated components are the core and foundation of building industrialization. At this stage, the production of prefabricated components still follows the old-fashioned preform production process, that is, steam curing is used after the production of prefabricated components is completed. The component can quickly reach the breaking strength. However, in the face of increasingly severe environmental problems in China, steam curing methods also bring drawbacks. In this study, an early strong polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer PC-Z was first developed and synthesized. The water reducing rate of PC-Z is 30%. The water reducing agent has good adaptability to Portland cement and sulphoaluminate cement, and it has obvious early and strong effect compared with ordinary water-reducing agent. The ultra-low water-cement ratio concrete with water-cement ratio of 0.32 can be prepared by using the early-strength polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer PC-Z within the limit of water reduction. Then, the effects of cementing materials and mineral admixtures on the unsteamed properties of prefabricated concrete under the action of early strong polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer (PC-Z) were investigated. The best combination under the standard curing temperature is that 5% sulphoaluminate cement and 10% fly ash mixed with 15% mineral powder can be used to replace the cement, which can ensure the strength, improve the ease and save the cement. Under the condition of low temperature, both mineral powder and fly ash will affect the early strength of concrete, so the early strength of concrete can be effectively improved by using 10% and 15% superfine ore powder instead of cement. Finally, taking the actual production of Shandong Qianyuan Zefu Science and Technology Co., Ltd as an engineering example and combining the experimental rules, we have successfully developed three kinds of seasonal temperatures: summer (high temperature), spring and autumn (moderate temperature) and winter (low temperature). The prefabricated concrete without steaming can make the strength of the concrete more than 22.5 MPa in 16 h, which can meet the requirement of practical production. Finally, the economic analysis of the non-steam curing concrete is carried out, and the whole price of the product is calculated, which is lower than that of the ordinary steam cured concrete. If the results are applied to the precast concrete of practical engineering, the early strength of concrete can be improved, the mould turnover can be quickened, the cost of materials and the operation cost of enterprises can be saved, and the energy consumption can be reduced without steam curing. Reducing environmental pollution, economic benefits and environmental benefits are significant.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU528
本文編號：2149798
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of society and the deepening of urbanization, the dividend of population gradually disappears, and the shortage of labor force becomes more and more serious. Therefore, more and more attention has been paid to the current situation of low efficiency and high energy consumption in the construction industry, summing up the experience, implementing the national conditions, imitating the developed countries in Europe and America, and gradually promoting the construction industrialization in our country. Prefabricated components are the core and foundation of building industrialization. At this stage, the production of prefabricated components still follows the old-fashioned preform production process, that is, steam curing is used after the production of prefabricated components is completed. The component can quickly reach the breaking strength. However, in the face of increasingly severe environmental problems in China, steam curing methods also bring drawbacks. In this study, an early strong polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer PC-Z was first developed and synthesized. The water reducing rate of PC-Z is 30%. The water reducing agent has good adaptability to Portland cement and sulphoaluminate cement, and it has obvious early and strong effect compared with ordinary water-reducing agent. The ultra-low water-cement ratio concrete with water-cement ratio of 0.32 can be prepared by using the early-strength polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer PC-Z within the limit of water reduction. Then, the effects of cementing materials and mineral admixtures on the unsteamed properties of prefabricated concrete under the action of early strong polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer (PC-Z) were investigated. The best combination under the standard curing temperature is that 5% sulphoaluminate cement and 10% fly ash mixed with 15% mineral powder can be used to replace the cement, which can ensure the strength, improve the ease and save the cement. Under the condition of low temperature, both mineral powder and fly ash will affect the early strength of concrete, so the early strength of concrete can be effectively improved by using 10% and 15% superfine ore powder instead of cement. Finally, taking the actual production of Shandong Qianyuan Zefu Science and Technology Co., Ltd as an engineering example and combining the experimental rules, we have successfully developed three kinds of seasonal temperatures: summer (high temperature), spring and autumn (moderate temperature) and winter (low temperature). The prefabricated concrete without steaming can make the strength of the concrete more than 22.5 MPa in 16 h, which can meet the requirement of practical production. Finally, the economic analysis of the non-steam curing concrete is carried out, and the whole price of the product is calculated, which is lower than that of the ordinary steam cured concrete. If the results are applied to the precast concrete of practical engineering, the early strength of concrete can be improved, the mould turnover can be quickened, the cost of materials and the operation cost of enterprises can be saved, and the energy consumption can be reduced without steam curing. Reducing environmental pollution, economic benefits and environmental benefits are significant.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU528
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