災(zāi)害作用下單體建筑的功能損失評估方法研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-28 06:47
【摘要】：結(jié)構(gòu)與非結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的破壞均可導(dǎo)致建筑功能損失。對于滿足現(xiàn)行抗震設(shè)計規(guī)范的建筑,功能損失更多地來源于非結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的損傷。目前,建筑物的災(zāi)后損失通常以經(jīng)濟損失為主要指標(biāo),缺乏對建筑功能損失的定量評估。綜合考慮建筑結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件和非結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的破壞,從功能的角度對災(zāi)后建筑進行評價,是從使用者的角度進行建筑可用性的評估,對于指導(dǎo)災(zāi)后恢復(fù)工作有重要意義。本文從非結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件易損性分析出發(fā),研究建筑構(gòu)件與建筑功能之間的定量關(guān)系,建立建筑功能損失評估的定量模型,并在此基礎(chǔ)上評估單體建筑的韌性,探討建筑災(zāi)后恢復(fù)過程的優(yōu)化。本文主要研究工作包括以下幾個方面:1.非結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件抗震性能試驗方法綜述。結(jié)合國內(nèi)外既文獻資料,按照擬靜力試驗、動力試驗、振動臺試驗的分類,總結(jié)常用的非結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件加載制度以及典型試驗,分析不同加載制度適用的非結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件類型,為開展非結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件性能試驗提供參考。2.建筑給排水管道易損性分析。針對國內(nèi)建筑常用的PPR、鍍鋅鋼管和PVC等給排水管材,設(shè)計并完成給水管道靜力和動力往復(fù)加載試驗,根據(jù)試驗結(jié)果總結(jié)不同類型管道的破壞特征,建立易損性曲線。實例分析表明,在隔震建筑中,未使用柔性連接的鍍鋅鋼管給水管道在地震下發(fā)生破壞的概率很大。3.建筑功能損失定量評估方法研究。使用層次分析法、故障樹分析等方法,建立建筑功能與建筑內(nèi)部構(gòu)件和建筑附屬設(shè)施之間的關(guān)系,使用函數(shù)關(guān)系對建筑功能進行定量化表達。4.某隔震建筑災(zāi)后功能損失評估案例分析。使用本文提出的建筑功能損失評估模型,對某隔震建筑進行實例分析,使用故障樹分析法、TrueSkillTM評分方法等確定模型系數(shù),并分析了該建筑在地震、暴雨等災(zāi)害作用下的功能損失及其恢復(fù)過程。結(jié)合FEMA P-58、REDi等建筑損失評估方法,對該建筑在遭受一定損失后的恢復(fù)流程進行最優(yōu)化分析。結(jié)果表明,對建筑功能進行定量評估能夠輔助建筑災(zāi)后的恢復(fù)工作,按照建筑構(gòu)件重要性的順序進行恢復(fù)有助于提高建筑的韌性。
[Abstract]:The failure of structure and non-structural member can lead to the loss of building function. For buildings that meet the current seismic design code, the damage of non-structural members is the main source of functional loss. At present, the loss of buildings after disaster is usually based on the economic loss, and the quantitative evaluation of the loss of building function is lacking. Considering the damage of structural and non-structural components and evaluating the post-disaster building from the perspective of function, it is important to evaluate the usability of buildings from the point of view of users, which is of great significance to guide the work of disaster recovery. Based on the vulnerability analysis of non-structural members, this paper studies the quantitative relationship between building members and building functions, establishes a quantitative model for evaluating the loss of building functions, and evaluates the toughness of individual buildings on this basis. The optimization of building disaster recovery process is discussed. The main research work of this paper includes the following aspects: 1. Summary of testing methods for seismic behavior of non-structural members. According to the classification of quasi-static test, dynamic test and shaking table test, the loading system and typical test of unstructured members are summarized, and the types of unstructured members suitable for different loading systems are analyzed. It provides a reference for the performance test of unstructured members. 2. Vulnerability Analysis of Building Water supply and drainage Pipeline. The static and dynamic reciprocating loading tests of water supply pipes are designed and completed for the common domestic water supply and drainage pipes such as PPR-galvanized steel pipe and PVC. According to the test results the failure characteristics of different types of pipes are summarized and the vulnerable curves are established. The analysis of examples shows that the failure probability of galvanized steel pipe without flexible connection under earthquake is very high. Study on quantitative Evaluation method of Building function loss. The relationship between building function and building internal components and ancillary facilities is established by using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fault tree analysis. Case study on functional loss Assessment of isolated Building after disaster. Using the building function loss assessment model proposed in this paper, an example of a isolated building is analyzed, and the model coefficients are determined by using the fault tree analysis method and TrueSkill TM scoring method, and the earthquake response of the building is also analyzed. The function loss and recovery process of rainstorm and other disasters. Combined with FEMA P-58 REDi and other building loss assessment methods, the optimal analysis of the recovery process of the building after a certain loss is carried out. The results show that the quantitative evaluation of building function can assist the recovery work after building disasters, and the restoration in order of the importance of building members will help to improve the resilience of buildings.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地震局工程力學(xué)研究所
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P315.9;TU317
本文編號：2149252
[Abstract]:The failure of structure and non-structural member can lead to the loss of building function. For buildings that meet the current seismic design code, the damage of non-structural members is the main source of functional loss. At present, the loss of buildings after disaster is usually based on the economic loss, and the quantitative evaluation of the loss of building function is lacking. Considering the damage of structural and non-structural components and evaluating the post-disaster building from the perspective of function, it is important to evaluate the usability of buildings from the point of view of users, which is of great significance to guide the work of disaster recovery. Based on the vulnerability analysis of non-structural members, this paper studies the quantitative relationship between building members and building functions, establishes a quantitative model for evaluating the loss of building functions, and evaluates the toughness of individual buildings on this basis. The optimization of building disaster recovery process is discussed. The main research work of this paper includes the following aspects: 1. Summary of testing methods for seismic behavior of non-structural members. According to the classification of quasi-static test, dynamic test and shaking table test, the loading system and typical test of unstructured members are summarized, and the types of unstructured members suitable for different loading systems are analyzed. It provides a reference for the performance test of unstructured members. 2. Vulnerability Analysis of Building Water supply and drainage Pipeline. The static and dynamic reciprocating loading tests of water supply pipes are designed and completed for the common domestic water supply and drainage pipes such as PPR-galvanized steel pipe and PVC. According to the test results the failure characteristics of different types of pipes are summarized and the vulnerable curves are established. The analysis of examples shows that the failure probability of galvanized steel pipe without flexible connection under earthquake is very high. Study on quantitative Evaluation method of Building function loss. The relationship between building function and building internal components and ancillary facilities is established by using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fault tree analysis. Case study on functional loss Assessment of isolated Building after disaster. Using the building function loss assessment model proposed in this paper, an example of a isolated building is analyzed, and the model coefficients are determined by using the fault tree analysis method and TrueSkill TM scoring method, and the earthquake response of the building is also analyzed. The function loss and recovery process of rainstorm and other disasters. Combined with FEMA P-58 REDi and other building loss assessment methods, the optimal analysis of the recovery process of the building after a certain loss is carried out. The results show that the quantitative evaluation of building function can assist the recovery work after building disasters, and the restoration in order of the importance of building members will help to improve the resilience of buildings.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地震局工程力學(xué)研究所
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P315.9;TU317
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