本文選題：多層砌體房屋 + 抗震鑒定��； 參考：《中國(guó)地震局工程力學(xué)研究所》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)現(xiàn)有建筑中,多層砌體房屋占居住建筑的比重較大。2008年汶川地震和2010年玉樹(shù)地震的震害經(jīng)驗(yàn)均表明,地震中多層砌體房屋的倒塌破壞造成了嚴(yán)重的人員傷亡和經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。因此對(duì)我國(guó)現(xiàn)存的砌體房屋進(jìn)行抗震能力鑒定,判定其現(xiàn)有的抗震能力,進(jìn)而采取抗震加固或修護(hù)等保障措施顯得尤為重要。目前我國(guó)通用的建筑抗震鑒定方法主要依靠《建筑抗震鑒定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(GB50023-2009),該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)多層砌體房屋分兩級(jí)鑒定,第一級(jí)進(jìn)行抗震構(gòu)造措施鑒定,第二級(jí)進(jìn)行抗震驗(yàn)算[34]。這種方法的不足之處在于:我國(guó)抗震鑒定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是地震專家根據(jù)實(shí)際震害經(jīng)驗(yàn)給出的一個(gè)較大范圍,評(píng)估耗時(shí)長(zhǎng)且有較大冗余度,對(duì)建筑物實(shí)際能夠承受多大的地震作用并沒(méi)有定量化的評(píng)價(jià)體系。本文對(duì)多層砌體房屋的抗震能力評(píng)估不再依據(jù)鑒定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)采取分級(jí)鑒定,而是將多層砌體房屋抗震能力的影響因素綜合到抗力比簡(jiǎn)化公式中,用抗力比公式表示結(jié)構(gòu)整體抗震性能,通過(guò)Pushover分析和其他定量修正系數(shù)對(duì)該抗力比公式進(jìn)行修正,得到最后的修正公式,能夠達(dá)到快速鑒定的目的。論文主要完成了以下工作:1.對(duì)砌體結(jié)構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)作了簡(jiǎn)要的概述,從震害經(jīng)驗(yàn)中總結(jié)出多層砌體房屋的震害特征,歸納了砌體結(jié)構(gòu)抗震性能的影響因素。通過(guò)《建筑抗震設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》(GB50011-2010)中的底部剪力法計(jì)算出樓層所受的地震剪力,再通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)化的墻體抗剪承載力公式計(jì)算出樓層的抗震能力,兩者之比為抗力比簡(jiǎn)化公式。2.本文只改變抗力比公式中的層數(shù)和墻厚這兩個(gè)自變量,建立ABAQUS有限元模型,對(duì)砌體結(jié)構(gòu)模型進(jìn)行靜力彈塑性分析,通過(guò)能力譜法和其他定量修正系數(shù)對(duì)該抗力比公式進(jìn)行修正,得到最后的修正公式。3.最后選取包頭西地震和汶川地震中的震害實(shí)例,分別采用現(xiàn)行抗震鑒定方法和本文的鑒定方法分別進(jìn)行鑒定,對(duì)比實(shí)際震害結(jié)果,論證本文定量評(píng)估多層砌體房屋抗震性能方法的可靠性。
[Abstract]:The earthquake damage experience of 2008 Wenchuan earthquake and 2010 Yushu earthquake shows that the collapse of multi-story masonry buildings caused serious casualties and economic losses. Therefore, it is very important to evaluate the seismic capacity of existing masonry buildings in our country, to judge their existing seismic capacity, and then to take measures such as seismic reinforcement or repair. At present, the commonly used building seismic identification method in China mainly depends on the Building Seismic Appraisal Standard (GB50023-2009). The standard is divided into two levels for multi-story masonry buildings, the first stage is used for seismic structural measures appraisal, and the second stage is used for seismic checking calculation [34]. The disadvantage of this method lies in that the seismic identification standard of our country is a large range given by seismic experts according to the actual earthquake damage experience, and the evaluation time is long and the degree of redundancy is large. There is no quantitative evaluation system for how much seismic action the building can withstand. In this paper, the seismic capacity assessment of multistory masonry buildings is no longer graded according to the appraisal standard, but the influencing factors of seismic capacity of multistory masonry buildings are integrated into the simplified formula of resistance ratio. The formula of resistance ratio is used to express the overall seismic performance of the structure. The formula of resistance ratio is modified by pushover analysis and other quantitative correction coefficients, and the final modified formula is obtained, which can achieve the purpose of rapid identification. The thesis has accomplished the following work: 1: 1. The structural characteristics of masonry structures are briefly summarized, the seismic damage characteristics of multi-story masonry buildings are summarized from the earthquake damage experience, and the influencing factors of seismic performance of masonry structures are summarized. The seismic shear force of the floor is calculated by the bottom shear method in the Code for Seismic Design of buildings (GB50011-2010), and the seismic capacity of the floor is calculated by the simplified formula of the shear capacity of the wall, the ratio of which is the simplified formula of resistance ratio. In this paper, only two independent variables, the layer number and the wall thickness in the formula of resistance ratio, are changed, the Abaqus finite element model is established, the static elastic-plastic analysis of the masonry structure model is carried out, and the resistance ratio formula is modified by the capacity spectrum method and other quantitative correction coefficients. Get the final revised formula. 3. Finally, the examples of earthquake damage in Baotou West earthquake and Wenchuan earthquake are selected, and the current seismic identification method and the identification method in this paper are used to identify the actual earthquake damage results, respectively. The reliability of the method for quantitative evaluation of seismic performance of multistory masonry buildings is demonstrated in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地震局工程力學(xué)研究所
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU364;TU352.11

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