本文選題：多層砌體房屋 + 抗震鑒定�。� 參考：《中國地震局工程力學研究所》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國現(xiàn)有建筑中,多層砌體房屋占居住建筑的比重較大。2008年汶川地震和2010年玉樹地震的震害經驗均表明,地震中多層砌體房屋的倒塌破壞造成了嚴重的人員傷亡和經濟損失。因此對我國現(xiàn)存的砌體房屋進行抗震能力鑒定,判定其現(xiàn)有的抗震能力,進而采取抗震加固或修護等保障措施顯得尤為重要。目前我國通用的建筑抗震鑒定方法主要依靠《建筑抗震鑒定標準》(GB50023-2009),該標準對多層砌體房屋分兩級鑒定,第一級進行抗震構造措施鑒定,第二級進行抗震驗算[34]。這種方法的不足之處在于:我國抗震鑒定標準是地震專家根據實際震害經驗給出的一個較大范圍,評估耗時長且有較大冗余度,對建筑物實際能夠承受多大的地震作用并沒有定量化的評價體系。本文對多層砌體房屋的抗震能力評估不再依據鑒定標準采取分級鑒定,而是將多層砌體房屋抗震能力的影響因素綜合到抗力比簡化公式中,用抗力比公式表示結構整體抗震性能,通過Pushover分析和其他定量修正系數(shù)對該抗力比公式進行修正,得到最后的修正公式,能夠達到快速鑒定的目的。論文主要完成了以下工作:1.對砌體結構的結構特點作了簡要的概述,從震害經驗中總結出多層砌體房屋的震害特征,歸納了砌體結構抗震性能的影響因素。通過《建筑抗震設計規(guī)范》(GB50011-2010)中的底部剪力法計算出樓層所受的地震剪力,再通過簡化的墻體抗剪承載力公式計算出樓層的抗震能力,兩者之比為抗力比簡化公式。2.本文只改變抗力比公式中的層數(shù)和墻厚這兩個自變量,建立ABAQUS有限元模型,對砌體結構模型進行靜力彈塑性分析,通過能力譜法和其他定量修正系數(shù)對該抗力比公式進行修正,得到最后的修正公式。3.最后選取包頭西地震和汶川地震中的震害實例,分別采用現(xiàn)行抗震鑒定方法和本文的鑒定方法分別進行鑒定,對比實際震害結果,論證本文定量評估多層砌體房屋抗震性能方法的可靠性。
[Abstract]:In the existing buildings in China, the proportion of multi-storey masonry houses in the large proportion of residential buildings in.2008 years Wenchuan earthquake and the earthquake damage experience of the Yushu earthquake in 2010 all show that the collapse and destruction of multi-storey masonry buildings in the earthquake caused serious casualties and economic losses. Some aseismatic ability, and then it is very important to adopt aseismatic reinforcement or repair measures, such as seismic reinforcement or repair. At present, our country's general seismic identification methods mainly rely on "GB50023-2009", the standard is divided into two stages of masonry building identification, the first stage of seismic structural measures identification, and second level seismic checking calculation of [3 The deficiency of this method is that the aseismic identification standard of China is a large range given by the seismologists according to the actual earthquake damage experience. The evaluation of the seismic capacity of the buildings is long and has large redundancy. The evaluation system is not quantified for the actual capacity of the buildings to bear much earthquake action. The seismic capacity evaluation of the multi-storey masonry building is evaluated in this paper. No longer according to the identification standard, the impact factor of the masonry building is integrated into the simplified formula of the resistance ratio, and the resistance ratio formula is used to express the overall seismic performance of the structure. The formula is corrected by the Pushover analysis and other quantitative correction coefficients, and the final correction formula can be obtained. To the purpose of rapid identification, the following work has been completed: 1. a brief overview of the structural characteristics of masonry structures is made. The seismic damage characteristics of multi masonry buildings are summarized from the experience of earthquake damage, and the factors affecting the seismic performance of masonry structures are summed up. The results are calculated by the bottom shear method in the "code for seismic design of buildings > (GB50011-2010)". The seismic shear force of the floor is calculated by the simplified formula of the shear capacity of the wall. The ratio of the two is the simplified formula of the resistance ratio.2., which only changes the two independent variables in the formula of resistance ratio and the thickness of the wall. The ABAQUS finite element model is established, and the static elastoplastic analysis of the masonry structure model is carried out. The force spectrum method and other quantitative correction coefficients are modified to the formula of the resistance ratio, and the final correction formula.3. is finally selected to select the earthquake damage examples in the western Baotou earthquake and Wenchuan earthquake, respectively, to identify the earthquake damage by the current seismic identification method and the identification method respectively, to compare the actual earthquake damage results, and to demonstrate the quantitative evaluation of the multi-layer masonry. The reliability of the seismic performance method of the body building.
【學位授予單位】：中國地震局工程力學研究所
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU364;TU352.11

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