本文選題：鄉(xiāng)村景觀 + 生態(tài)環(huán)境��； 參考：《西安建筑科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：從建設“社會主義新農(nóng)村”到“村莊規(guī)劃全覆蓋”的提出,鄉(xiāng)村建設逐步被推向高潮,但我國鄉(xiāng)村景觀建設現(xiàn)狀卻不容樂觀,一方面因盲目模仿導致鄉(xiāng)村景觀同質(zhì)化嚴重,另一方面因刻意求新求異導致鄉(xiāng)村景觀背離了其鄉(xiāng)土性與地域性,在對這兩種極端發(fā)展傾向的思考下,筆者對臨潭縣鄉(xiāng)村景觀規(guī)劃展開實踐研究,希望對鄉(xiāng)村景觀健康、有序的發(fā)展起到積極的作用。通過對相關(guān)理論的研究及案例的解析和思考,研究嘗試以“區(qū)域?qū)用媲髤f(xié)調(diào),個體層面求差異”的景觀規(guī)劃思路解決該問題。首先,通過對文獻資料的梳理和臨潭縣鄉(xiāng)村景觀的現(xiàn)場調(diào)研,總結(jié)出其鄉(xiāng)村景觀的特征。其次,構(gòu)建臨潭縣鄉(xiāng)村景觀的分類分級研究方法,其中包含以下4個層面:其一,臨潭縣鄉(xiāng)村綜合生態(tài)格局評價;其二,臨潭縣鄉(xiāng)村景觀民族文化特征分類研究;其三,臨潭縣村莊景觀個體特質(zhì)分析;其四,臨潭縣鄉(xiāng)村景觀質(zhì)量評價。進而明確各類評價方法對鄉(xiāng)村景觀的作用機制,鄉(xiāng)村綜合生態(tài)格局是鄉(xiāng)村景觀發(fā)展的基底,是在進行鄉(xiāng)村景觀規(guī)劃過程中需要尊重的生態(tài)背景;同一文化影響下的鄉(xiāng)村景觀具有高度的相似性。因此,鄉(xiāng)村景觀民族文化特征分類研究決定了特定區(qū)域內(nèi)臨潭縣鄉(xiāng)村景觀的“大統(tǒng)一”;村莊景觀個體特質(zhì)分析是在挖掘具體個案村莊的自身特征點,是決定了村莊與村莊之間“小差異”;鄉(xiāng)村景觀質(zhì)量評價判定了鄉(xiāng)村景觀建設基礎的優(yōu)劣。根據(jù)構(gòu)建的分類分級方法,明確了不同的鄉(xiāng)村區(qū)域及村莊個體的景觀特征。根據(jù)其特性展開與之相對應的基于綜合生態(tài)格局的鄉(xiāng)村發(fā)展指引及景觀規(guī)劃策略,基于民族文化特征的鄉(xiāng)村景觀規(guī)劃策略和基于不同建設基礎的鄉(xiāng)村景觀發(fā)展策略,根據(jù)上述三大層面確定的鄉(xiāng)村景觀規(guī)劃策略制定了道路交通、公共活動空間、環(huán)衛(wèi)照明設施等九大景觀要素的景觀設計導則,達到特定區(qū)域內(nèi)鄉(xiāng)村景觀“大統(tǒng)一”的目的。研究目的是為了讓鄉(xiāng)村景觀既能與自然環(huán)境、文化環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào),彼此之間又能有小的差異。主要有以下三大研究結(jié)論:其一,“千村不能一面、一村未必一品”,特定地域的鄉(xiāng)村景觀規(guī)劃應以“區(qū)域?qū)用媲髤f(xié)調(diào),個體層面求差異”的思路展開,避免當前鄉(xiāng)村景觀出現(xiàn)的兩個極端發(fā)展傾向;其二,構(gòu)建了能有效解決臨潭縣鄉(xiāng)村景觀建設實際問題的分類分級方法,包含綜合生態(tài)格局、民族文化、個體村莊特征和鄉(xiāng)村景觀質(zhì)量四大方面的研究;其三,根據(jù)分類分級結(jié)果制定包含鄉(xiāng)村景觀規(guī)劃策略與鄉(xiāng)村景觀設計導則兩大層面的鄉(xiāng)村景觀建設途徑。
[Abstract]:From the construction of "new socialist countryside" to the proposal of "full coverage of village planning", rural construction is gradually pushed to the climax, but the present situation of rural landscape construction in China is not optimistic. On the one hand, blind imitation leads to the homogeneity of rural landscape. On the other hand, the rural landscape deviates from its local and regional characteristics because of deliberately seeking new and different ones. Under the consideration of these two extreme development tendencies, the author carries out a practical study on the rural landscape planning in Lintan County, hoping that the rural landscape will be healthy. Orderly development plays a positive role. Through the research of relevant theories and the analysis and thinking of cases, this paper tries to solve this problem with the view of "coordination at the regional level and difference at the individual level". Firstly, the characteristics of the rural landscape are summarized by combing the literature and investigating the rural landscape in Lintan County. Secondly, to construct the classification and classification of rural landscape in Lintan County, which includes the following four levels: first, the evaluation of comprehensive ecological pattern in Lintan County; second, the classification of national cultural characteristics of rural landscape in Lintan County; third, Analysis of individual characteristics of village landscape in Lintan County; fourth, evaluation of rural landscape quality in Lintan County. The comprehensive ecological pattern of rural areas is the base of rural landscape development and the ecological background that should be respected in the process of rural landscape planning. Under the influence of the same culture, the rural landscape has high similarity. Therefore, the classification of rural landscape ethnic and cultural characteristics determines the "great unity" of the rural landscape of Lintan County in a specific area, and the analysis of individual characteristics of the village landscape is to excavate the characteristics of the specific case village. It determines the "small difference" between village and village, and the evaluation of rural landscape quality determines the merits and demerits of rural landscape construction. According to the classification and classification method, the landscape characteristics of different rural areas and villages are defined. According to its characteristics, the corresponding rural development guidelines and landscape planning strategies based on the comprehensive ecological pattern, the rural landscape planning strategies based on the national cultural characteristics and the rural landscape development strategies based on different construction foundations are carried out. According to the rural landscape planning strategy of the above three levels, the landscape design guidelines for nine landscape elements, such as road traffic, public activity space and sanitation lighting facilities, are formulated to achieve the goal of "great unity" of rural landscape in a specific area. The purpose of the research is to make the rural landscape coordinate with the natural environment and cultural environment, and there are small differences between each other. There are three main research conclusions as follows: first, "A thousand villages can not one side, one village is not necessarily one product", the specific area of rural landscape planning should be "regional level to coordinate, individual level to seek difference" thinking. To avoid the two extreme development tendencies of the current rural landscape; second, to construct a classification and classification method that can effectively solve the actual problems of rural landscape construction in Lintan County, including the comprehensive ecological pattern, national culture, Research on the characteristics of individual villages and the quality of rural landscape. Thirdly, according to the classification and classification of the results of rural landscape planning strategy and rural landscape design guidelines two levels of rural landscape construction approach.
【學位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU982.29

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