本文選題：土壤凍融 + 模擬試驗(yàn)��； 參考：《冰川凍土》2017年04期

【摘要】：使用位于青藏高原東部若爾蓋站的觀測數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動(dòng)CLM3.5模式,設(shè)計(jì)一組去除模式中凍融過程的"退化試驗(yàn)",進(jìn)行為期一年的模擬研究。通過對比原試驗(yàn)與敏感性試驗(yàn)?zāi)M結(jié)果,初步分析凍融過程在土壤溫度變化、各能量通量分配中的作用,得到以下結(jié)論:(1)凍融過程是土壤溫度變化的"緩沖器",凍結(jié)過程向周圍環(huán)境釋放能量減緩了土壤降溫的速率,使土壤溫度不至降得太低,而消融過程從周圍環(huán)境吸收能量減緩了土壤升溫的速率,使土壤溫度不至升高太多;(2)凍融過程改變了地表輻射通量,土壤凍結(jié)改變了地表反照率,改變了向上短波輻射,且由于凍結(jié)過程減緩了地表溫度的下降,改變了地表向上長波輻射,進(jìn)而改變了凈輻射通量;(3)凍融過程顯著地改變了陸面能量的分配,通過相變能量的釋放和吸收增大了地氣間能量的傳輸,顯著地增大了地表土壤熱通量,且通過改變地表溫度和地表蒸發(fā),改變了感熱及潛熱通量。在凍結(jié)過程及完全凍結(jié)階段,感熱及潛熱通量均增大,但在消融過程階段,感熱及潛熱通量均減小。凍融過程對土壤熱通量及感熱通量的影響在凍結(jié)過程及完全凍結(jié)階段更為顯著,而對潛熱的影響則是在消融過程階段更為顯著。
[Abstract]:A set of "degradation tests" for freeze-thaw removal processes in the CLM3.5 model driven by observation data at the Joergai Station in the eastern part of the Tibetan Plateau were designed for a year's simulation. The effects of freeze-thaw process on soil temperature and energy flux distribution were analyzed by comparing the simulation results of the original test and the sensitivity test. The freeze-thaw process is a "buffer" for the change of soil temperature. The release of energy from the freezing process to the surrounding environment slows down the rate of soil cooling and keeps the soil temperature from falling too low. However, the absorption of energy from the surrounding environment slows down the rate of soil warming, so that the soil temperature does not rise too much.) the freezing and thawing process changes the surface radiation flux, the soil freezing changes the surface albedo and the upward shortwave radiation. Because the freezing process slows down the decrease of the surface temperature, changes the upward long wave radiation of the surface, and then changes the net radiation flux, the freeze-thaw process significantly changes the distribution of land surface energy. Through the release and absorption of phase change energy the transfer of energy between the earth and atmosphere was increased and the soil heat flux was significantly increased and the sensible heat flux and latent heat flux were changed by changing the surface temperature and surface evaporation. The sensible and latent heat fluxes increased during the freezing process and the complete freezing stage, but decreased during the ablation process. The effects of freezing and thawing on soil heat flux and sensible heat flux were more significant in freezing process and complete freezing stage, while the effect on latent heat was more significant in ablation process.
【作者單位】： 常州市氣象局;中國科學(xué)院西北生態(tài)環(huán)境資源研究院寒旱區(qū)陸面過程與氣候變化重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;成都信息工程大學(xué)大氣科學(xué)學(xué)院高原大氣與環(huán)境四川省重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;南京信息工程大學(xué)氣象災(zāi)害預(yù)報(bào)預(yù)警與評估協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(91537104;41375077;91537214;41405088)資助
【分類號】：P642.14

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