本文選題：層次分析法 + 基礎選型　； 參考：《西安工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近些年,隨著通信技術的突飛猛進,我國的通信產業(yè)發(fā)展迅速,與之相關的通信鐵塔基礎設施建設也有了較大的發(fā)展。其中,鐵塔基礎作為鐵塔結構的一部分,在整個通信鐵塔的建設中具有十分重要的地位,經濟合理的基礎設計將會大大降低鐵塔的建設難度,節(jié)省造價,提高整個鐵塔工程的綜合效益。為此,本文主要圍繞通信鐵塔的基礎選型與優(yōu)化設計進行了深入分析研究,具體內容包括:(1)利用層次分析法對鐵塔的各類型基礎進行綜合效益評價。在進行鐵塔設計前,首先確定通信鐵塔可能采用的基礎形式,然后選定鐵塔基礎的承載力、抗拔力、造價與工程地質條件作為評價指標,采用幾何平均法計算各指標的權重,并對鐵塔的各類型基礎進行綜合評價。最后通過一工程實例,利用該方法對兩種常用的通信鐵塔形式進行了基礎選型。分析結果表明,通信鐵塔采用挖孔支盤樁基礎形式時,其綜合效益相比于另外兩種基礎形式更加顯著。(2)應用ABAQUS有限元軟件,建立了挖孔支盤樁有限元模型,分析了挖孔支盤樁在不同土層中樁身的內力與變形,支盤設置在樁身的不同位置時樁身的受力變化特點,并對比研究了等直徑的一般樁基礎與挖孔支盤樁基礎在樁頂相同荷載的條件下,兩種樁基礎的樁身應力、樁頂位移和土體應力的區(qū)別和差異。研究結果表明,當支盤所處位置的土層性狀越好時,支盤樁的水平承載能力與抗拔能力越高;當支盤設置在樁身中部時,樁身水平承載力最高;支盤在樁身底部時,樁身抗拔力最高。在保持兩種樁(普通樁和挖孔支盤樁)基礎的承載力與抗拔承載力大致相等的情況下,挖孔支盤樁的樁徑相比于普通樁基礎可以減小37.5%,說明采用挖孔支盤樁基礎能夠有效降低工程造價,實現(xiàn)鐵塔工程建設綜合效益的最大化。(3)以支盤樁基礎的承載力和抗拔力為優(yōu)化目標,利用二次規(guī)劃法與遺傳算法對其分別進行優(yōu)化設計。在支盤尺寸與位置確定的情況下,根據(jù)優(yōu)化目標,利用優(yōu)化算法得出了的目標函數(shù)最大值,并確定了支盤樁基礎最優(yōu)時樁基礎的直徑與樁身高度,同時對二次規(guī)劃法與遺傳算法的精確度進行了對比,分析結果表明,遺傳算法的精度更高。本文分析所得結果可為通信鐵塔支盤樁基礎設計提供依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of communication technology, the communication industry in China has developed rapidly. Among them, as a part of the structure of iron tower, the foundation of iron tower plays a very important role in the construction of the whole communication tower. Economic and reasonable foundation design will greatly reduce the construction difficulty of the tower and save the cost. Improve the comprehensive benefit of the whole iron tower project. Therefore, this paper mainly focuses on the foundation selection and optimization design of the communication tower, including the specific content of: 1) using AHP to evaluate the comprehensive benefit of each type of foundation of the tower. Before the design of the tower, the possible foundation form of the communication tower is determined, and then the bearing capacity, pullout resistance, cost and engineering geological condition of the tower foundation are selected as the evaluation indexes, and the weight of each index is calculated by the geometric average method. And the comprehensive evaluation of each type of foundation of iron tower is carried out. Finally, through an engineering example, the foundation selection of two common communication tower forms is carried out by using this method. The results show that the comprehensive benefit of the communication tower is more significant than that of the other two kinds of foundation when the communication tower adopts the form of excavated branch and disc pile. The finite element model of the excavated branch disk pile is established by using ABAQUS finite element software. The internal force and deformation of the pile body in different soil layers are analyzed, and the stress characteristics of the pile body are analyzed when the branch disk is located in different positions of the pile body. The difference and difference of the stress of pile body, displacement of pile top and stress of soil of two kinds of pile foundation under the same load on the top of pile are compared and studied. The results show that the horizontal bearing capacity and uplift resistance of the pile are higher when the soil layer in the position of the branch plate is better, the horizontal bearing capacity of the pile body is the highest when the branch plate is located in the middle of the pile body, and the horizontal bearing capacity of the pile is at the bottom of the pile body when the branch disc is located at the bottom of the pile body. The uplift resistance of the pile is the highest. If the bearing capacity of the foundation of the two types of piles (ordinary pile and bored branch pile) is approximately equal to that of the uplift bearing capacity, Compared with the common pile foundation, the pile diameter of the bored branch disc pile can be reduced by 37.5. it shows that the construction cost can be reduced effectively by using the digging hole branch disc pile foundation. In order to optimize the bearing capacity and uplift resistance of pile foundation, the quadratic programming method and genetic algorithm are used to optimize the design. In the case of determining the size and position of the branch disc, according to the optimization objective, the maximum value of the objective function is obtained by using the optimization algorithm, and the diameter and height of the pile foundation are determined when the pile foundation is optimal. At the same time, the accuracy of quadratic programming method and genetic algorithm is compared. The results show that the accuracy of genetic algorithm is higher than that of genetic algorithm. The results obtained in this paper can provide the basis for the design of the communication tower branch-disc pile foundation.
【學位授予單位】：西安工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU476

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本文編號：1929811