本文選題：既有采暖居住建筑 + 能效監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)��； 參考：《山東建筑大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)每年新建建筑面積逐年增多,伴隨產(chǎn)生的建筑能耗也日趨增多,其消耗速度遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于能源增長(zhǎng)速度,建筑能耗已成為我國(guó)三大“耗能用戶”之一,因此,開展建筑節(jié)能工作刻不容緩。其中,采暖地區(qū)既有居住建筑是我國(guó)建筑能耗主要構(gòu)成部分,也是現(xiàn)階段建筑節(jié)能工作的重點(diǎn)。近年來(lái),國(guó)家投入大量資金用于既有采暖居住建筑節(jié)能改造工作,主要是增強(qiáng)了建筑物圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)的保溫性能,并對(duì)采暖系統(tǒng)實(shí)行分戶熱計(jì)量改造。但是,并沒(méi)有對(duì)采暖系統(tǒng)能效進(jìn)行綜合考量,從而不能得知其改造后是否節(jié)能,保溫效果是否得到提高。針對(duì)以上問(wèn)題,本文提出對(duì)于改造完成后的既有采暖居住建筑,選取典型建筑在其采暖周內(nèi)期進(jìn)行相關(guān)采暖數(shù)據(jù)的監(jiān)測(cè),通過(guò)真實(shí)數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)說(shuō)明改造后的建筑保溫效果是否得到提高。因此,本課題立足于實(shí)際應(yīng)用,結(jié)合目前采暖系統(tǒng)常用的熱計(jì)量技術(shù),研究在采暖季對(duì)既有采暖居住建筑進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)監(jiān)測(cè)的可行性方案,并運(yùn)用網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù),以ARM處理器為核心的硬件平臺(tái)為基礎(chǔ),設(shè)計(jì)了既有采暖居住建筑節(jié)能改造能效監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)。既有采暖居住建筑節(jié)能改造能效監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)分為三層網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu),分別是現(xiàn)場(chǎng)計(jì)量層、數(shù)據(jù)采集層和信息管理層。本課題的研究設(shè)計(jì)工作主要集中在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)計(jì)量層的設(shè)備選型、數(shù)據(jù)采集層的硬件和軟件設(shè)計(jì)。首先,確定測(cè)評(píng)內(nèi)容,確定采集參數(shù)及采集周期,確定監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)路線,根據(jù)應(yīng)用需求分析確定系統(tǒng)功能;接著,完成數(shù)據(jù)采集器硬件電路設(shè)計(jì),主要結(jié)合課題需求相應(yīng)地進(jìn)行電源電路、RS-485電路、串口電路和GPRS模塊的設(shè)計(jì);然后,在Linux系統(tǒng)下完成數(shù)據(jù)采集器軟件開發(fā),給出具體流程圖及程序代碼;最后,根據(jù)能效監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)需求相應(yīng)地設(shè)計(jì)了主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),通過(guò)在實(shí)驗(yàn)室環(huán)境下搭建能效監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)平臺(tái),完成系統(tǒng)關(guān)鍵功能的測(cè)試,并在采暖季進(jìn)入現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè),給出了數(shù)據(jù)分析。本課題主要針對(duì)改造完成后的既有采暖居住建筑進(jìn)行能效監(jiān)測(cè),通過(guò)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)測(cè)試實(shí)現(xiàn)了既有采暖居住建筑在整個(gè)采暖季的可在線監(jiān)測(cè),可以有效地獲取整個(gè)采暖季的原始數(shù)據(jù),將原始數(shù)據(jù)通過(guò)能效測(cè)評(píng)計(jì)算公式得出能效數(shù)據(jù),從而對(duì)改造效果進(jìn)行測(cè)評(píng),同時(shí)也為后續(xù)既有采暖居住建筑門、窗等相關(guān)的改造工作提供經(jīng)驗(yàn)儲(chǔ)備。
[Abstract]:The new building area is increasing year by year in our country, and the building energy consumption is increasing day by day, its consumption speed is far larger than the energy growth speed, the building energy consumption has become one of the three "energy users" in our country, therefore, the construction energy consumption has become one of the three "energy users" in our country. It is urgent to carry out the work of building energy saving. Among them, existing residential buildings in heating areas are the main components of building energy consumption in China, and are also the focus of building energy conservation work at the present stage. In recent years, the state has invested a large amount of funds in the energy saving renovation of existing heating residential buildings, mainly to enhance the insulation performance of the building enclosure structure, and to carry out the household heat metering reform of the heating system. However, there is no comprehensive consideration on the energy efficiency of heating system, so it is impossible to know whether it can save energy and improve the effect of heat preservation. In view of the above problems, this paper proposes to select typical buildings to monitor the relevant heating data during the heating period of the existing heating residential buildings after the renovation. Through the real data to explain whether the reconstruction of the building insulation effect has been improved. Therefore, this subject is based on the practical application, combined with the heat metering technology commonly used in the heating system at present, studies the feasible scheme of the data monitoring of the existing heating residential buildings in the heating season, and uses the network technology. Based on the hardware platform of ARM processor, the energy efficiency monitoring system for existing heating residential buildings is designed. The energy efficiency monitoring system of existing heating residential buildings is divided into three layers: field metering layer, data acquisition layer and information management layer. The research and design of this subject mainly focus on the equipment selection of the field measurement layer, the hardware and software design of the data acquisition layer. First of all, to determine the content of the evaluation, to determine the collection parameters and collection cycle, to determine the monitoring technical route, according to the application needs analysis to determine the system functions; then, to complete the hardware circuit design of the data acquisition device, According to the demand of the project, the author designs the RS-485 circuit, serial port circuit and GPRS module of the power supply circuit. Then, the software development of the data collector is completed under the Linux system, and the concrete flow chart and the program code are given. According to the requirements of energy efficiency monitoring system, the main database is designed accordingly. The platform of energy efficiency monitoring system is set up in the laboratory environment, the key functions of the system are tested, and the data analysis is given in the field monitoring in the heating season. This subject mainly aims at the energy efficiency monitoring of the existing heating residential buildings after the transformation, and realizes the on-line monitoring of the existing heating residential buildings during the whole heating season through the field test, which can effectively obtain the original data of the whole heating season. The energy efficiency data can be obtained from the original data through the formula of energy efficiency evaluation, so as to evaluate the effect of the transformation, and also provide experience reserves for the subsequent renovation work related to the existing heating residential buildings, such as doors, windows, and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU832;TU111.195

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本文編號(hào)：1906793