發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-13 11:59

  本文選題：城市公園 + 安全感　； 參考：《福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：公園作為城市中的公共開放空間,為人們提供了一個(gè)消除生理和心理疲勞的重要場(chǎng)所。但是,在城市高犯罪率的影響下,公園也成了違法犯罪常發(fā)地之一,這不僅降低了公園空間環(huán)境的安全性,也給人們帶來(lái)犯罪被害恐懼感。本文從游人的安全感出發(fā),對(duì)城市公園犯罪發(fā)生的時(shí)空特征、犯罪空間的建設(shè)問(wèn)題以及空間環(huán)境的評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行研究。本文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:(1)城市公園游人安全感概念的界定和影響因素的歸納。結(jié)合國(guó)內(nèi)外與安全感相關(guān)的概念、影響因素等研究綜述以及國(guó)內(nèi)城市公園犯罪發(fā)生的背景,本文將安全感概念界定為游人的犯罪被害恐懼感,將影響城市公園游人安全感的因素劃分為物質(zhì)客觀層面和個(gè)人主觀層面。(2)城市公園犯罪空間的環(huán)境調(diào)查與分析。本研究以福州城市公園為例,搜集了 2006-2016年這段時(shí)期在該市14個(gè)城市公園發(fā)生的64起犯罪資訊,根據(jù)資訊信息展開實(shí)地調(diào)查,探究城市公園犯罪發(fā)生的時(shí)空特點(diǎn),從空間環(huán)境構(gòu)成角度進(jìn)行深入分析。(3)基于安全感的城市公園空間環(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)體系的建立。結(jié)合理論基礎(chǔ)和實(shí)踐調(diào)查,筆者從空間因素、環(huán)境因素、社會(huì)因素、安全管理、經(jīng)驗(yàn)因素、心理因素六個(gè)準(zhǔn)則層出發(fā),收集了 28個(gè)與城市公園游人安全感相關(guān)的指標(biāo)層因子,建立起基于游人安全感的城市公園空間環(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)體系。并利用專家征詢表和評(píng)價(jià)權(quán)重調(diào)查表,通過(guò)層次分析法的運(yùn)算法則確定評(píng)價(jià)體系的相對(duì)權(quán)重值,最終獲得空間D/H比、空間邊界等23個(gè)最終指標(biāo)的重要性排序。(4)實(shí)證研究。選取具有代表性的西湖公園、閩江南園、國(guó)光公園作為評(píng)價(jià)體系的實(shí)證研究對(duì)象。根據(jù)公園的空間結(jié)構(gòu)、布局和道路系統(tǒng)劃分各空間,并應(yīng)用評(píng)價(jià)體系評(píng)價(jià)方法對(duì)各空間游人安全感進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),最后綜合各公園游人安全感的總體評(píng)價(jià)值,指出公園空間建設(shè)及治安管理存在的不足之處。(5)城市公園空間環(huán)境游人安全感的提升策略與設(shè)計(jì)建議。結(jié)合城市公園空間環(huán)境安全感的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,嘗試從城市公園的空間環(huán)境設(shè)計(jì)、游人被侵害的心理安全認(rèn)知、公園犯罪被害恐懼的實(shí)踐研究三個(gè)方面提出意見,以期抑制城市公園的犯罪現(xiàn)象,構(gòu)建符合游人心理安全需求的城市公園空間環(huán)境,從而降低游人的犯罪被害恐懼感。
[Abstract]:As a public open space in the city, parks provide an important place for people to eliminate physical and psychological fatigue. However, under the influence of the high crime rate in the city, the park has become one of the common places of crime and crime, which not only reduces the security of the park space environment, but also brings people a sense of fear of crime and victimization. Based on the sense of security of visitors, this paper studies the space-time characteristics of crime in urban parks, the construction of crime space and the evaluation standard and design content of space environment. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the definition of the concept of the sense of security of tourists in urban parks and the induction of the influencing factors. Combined with the domestic and foreign concepts related to security, influencing factors and other research reviews, as well as the background of crime in domestic urban parks, this paper defines the concept of security as the sense of fear of crime and victimization of tourists. The factors affecting the sense of security of urban park visitors are divided into physical objective level and personal subjective level. 2) Environmental investigation and analysis of urban park crime space. Taking Fuzhou City Park as an example, this study collected 64 crime cases from 2006 to 2016 in 14 urban parks in the city, and carried out field investigations according to the information to explore the temporal and spatial characteristics of crime in urban parks. From the angle of space environment composition, the paper analyzes deeply the establishment of urban park spatial environment evaluation system based on the sense of security. Based on the theoretical basis and practical investigation, the author collected 28 index layer factors related to the sense of security of urban park visitors from six levels of criteria, namely, spatial factors, environmental factors, social factors, safety management factors, experiential factors and psychological factors. To establish the urban park space environment evaluation system based on the tourist security. Using expert consultation table and evaluation weight questionnaire, the relative weight of evaluation system is determined by the algorithm of analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Finally, the importance order of 23 final indexes, such as spatial D- / H ratio and spatial boundary, is obtained. The representative West Lake Park, Minjiang South Park and Guoguang Park are selected as the empirical research objects of the evaluation system. According to the space structure, layout and road system of the park, the space is divided into different spaces, and the evaluation method is applied to evaluate the sense of security of the visitors in each space. Finally, the overall evaluation value of the sense of safety of the visitors in the parks is synthesized. The paper points out the deficiency of park space construction and public security management. (5) the strategies and design suggestions for improving the sense of security of urban park space environment tourists. Combined with the evaluation index system of the sense of security of urban park space environment, this paper tries to put forward some suggestions from three aspects: the design of space environment of urban park, the cognition of psychological safety of tourists being violated, and the practical research on the fear of crime and victimization in the park. In order to restrain the crime phenomenon of the city park, construct the space environment of the city park which meets the needs of the tourists' psychological security, thus reduce the fear of crime and victimization of the tourists.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU986

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