本文選題：結(jié)構(gòu)光 + 線激光�。� 參考：《東華大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國國民經(jīng)濟(jì)迅猛發(fā)展,建筑行業(yè)對(duì)建造速度要求越來越快。而瓷磚鋪貼仍局限于手工鋪貼的方式,而瓷磚平整度的驗(yàn)收也依賴于人工操作,使得瓷磚的鋪貼與驗(yàn)收成為阻礙建筑速度提高的一個(gè)重要因素。而瓷磚鋪貼平整度的檢測(cè)是實(shí)現(xiàn)瓷磚鋪貼自動(dòng)化與瓷磚平整度自動(dòng)化驗(yàn)收的重要技術(shù),本文針對(duì)該問題,提出了基于線結(jié)構(gòu)激光的瓷磚鋪貼平整度檢測(cè)方法,主要進(jìn)行如下幾個(gè)方面的工作:1.根據(jù)課題的應(yīng)用場景,提出了可實(shí)現(xiàn)的系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方案,完成了支撐結(jié)構(gòu)、激光發(fā)生器、相機(jī)、濾鏡、計(jì)算平臺(tái)等的設(shè)計(jì)與選型工作,并完成了軟件的流程設(shè)計(jì)、原型研發(fā)。2.研究了線結(jié)構(gòu)激光三角檢測(cè)法的關(guān)鍵技術(shù),包括相機(jī)標(biāo)定技術(shù)、圖像預(yù)處理技術(shù)、條紋中心提取技術(shù)、物像點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)換技術(shù),并確定了相應(yīng)的技術(shù)路線。其中,相機(jī)標(biāo)定技術(shù)選用了張正友標(biāo)定法與PnP標(biāo)定法;圖像預(yù)處理中采用最大類間方差法(OSTU)和灰度屬性鄰域法;條紋中心提取基于自適應(yīng)模板法;物像點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)換則基于相機(jī)的成像模型推導(dǎo)了像點(diǎn)到物點(diǎn)的轉(zhuǎn)換關(guān)系。3.本文在條紋中心提取中,對(duì)可變方向模板法的基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行改進(jìn),通過模板自適應(yīng)處理,提出了自適應(yīng)方向模板法。該方法提高了在光條寬度發(fā)生變化時(shí)提取結(jié)果的魯棒性,同時(shí)提升了處理速度。4.設(shè)計(jì)了實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)檢測(cè)裝置的性能進(jìn)行評(píng)估。通過實(shí)驗(yàn)證明了系統(tǒng)方案的可行性與可靠性,并通過試驗(yàn)確定了系統(tǒng)對(duì)線結(jié)構(gòu)光入射角度的要求,以及在選用不同大小的模板與高斯參數(shù)時(shí)對(duì)自適應(yīng)方向模板法提取結(jié)構(gòu)光中心的影響,給出了相應(yīng)的參數(shù)設(shè)置建議。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of our national economy, the construction industry requires faster and faster construction speed. However, tile paving is still limited to manual paving, and the acceptance of tile flatness also depends on manual operation, which makes tile paving and acceptance become an important factor that hinders the improvement of building speed. The detection of tile flatness is an important technology to realize the automation of tile paving and the automatic acceptance of tile flatness. In this paper, a method of detecting tile flatness based on line structure laser is put forward in order to solve this problem. Work in the following areas: 1. According to the application scene of the subject, the design scheme of the system is put forward, and the design and selection of the supporting structure, laser generator, camera, filter and computing platform are completed, and the flow design of the software is completed, and the prototype R & D. 2. 2. The key techniques of linear laser triangulation detection are studied, including camera calibration, image preprocessing, fringes center extraction, image point conversion, and the corresponding technical route is determined. The camera calibration techniques include Zhang Zhengyou calibration method and PnP calibration method, maximum inter-class variance method and gray attribute neighborhood method in image preprocessing, and stripe center extraction based on adaptive template method. On the other hand, based on the camera's imaging model, the conversion relationship between image points and object points is derived. In this paper, the basis of variable direction template method is improved in the extraction of fringe center, and the adaptive direction template method is proposed through adaptive template processing. This method improves the robustness of the extraction results when the width of the optical strip changes, and improves the processing speed of .4. Experiments were designed to evaluate the performance of the device. The feasibility and reliability of the system scheme are proved by experiments, and the requirements of the system for the incident angle of linear structured light are determined by experiments. The influence of different sizes of templates and Gao Si parameters on the extraction of structured light centers by adaptive directional template method is also presented, and the corresponding parameter setting suggestions are given.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU767;TN247

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