本文選題：陡傾順層斜坡　切入點(diǎn)：離心機(jī)振動(dòng)臺(tái)　出處：《成都理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)地處環(huán)太平洋地震帶和地中海-喜馬拉雅地震帶之間,是全世界最大的大陸地震區(qū),也是一個(gè)地震頻發(fā)的國(guó)家。在斜坡高陡的西部山區(qū),地震會(huì)促使高陡斜坡失穩(wěn),誘發(fā)崩塌、滑坡、泥石流等次生地質(zhì)災(zāi)害。2008年5月12日,汶川大地震就誘發(fā)了不計(jì)其數(shù)的崩塌、滑坡等地質(zhì)災(zāi)害,對(duì)震中區(qū)及其周邊地區(qū)造成了災(zāi)難性的破壞。在對(duì)汶川大地震誘發(fā)的次生地質(zhì)災(zāi)害的調(diào)查中,發(fā)現(xiàn)了大量的陡傾順層斜坡整體失穩(wěn)的現(xiàn)象,這和傳統(tǒng)“陡傾斜坡穩(wěn)定性較好”的認(rèn)識(shí)不一致。這類(lèi)斜坡在強(qiáng)震作用下是怎么失穩(wěn)的,只有研究強(qiáng)震作用下陡傾順層斜坡的失穩(wěn)機(jī)理以及動(dòng)力響應(yīng)規(guī)律才能闡明這一問(wèn)題。本文以“5.12”汶川地震為研究背景,通過(guò)對(duì)汶川地震區(qū)大量陡傾順層斜坡失穩(wěn)特征,現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)查分析的基礎(chǔ)上,建立概念模型,結(jié)合離心振動(dòng)試驗(yàn)方法,分析探討陡傾順層斜坡的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)特征及失穩(wěn)機(jī)理,其主要工作與成果如下:(1)根據(jù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)研汶川地震誘發(fā)的大量陡傾順層邊坡動(dòng)力失穩(wěn)實(shí)例為基礎(chǔ),選取其中典型的干磨房滑坡和大竹坪崩滑為例,抽象概化出層狀硬巖和軟硬互層兩種不同坡體結(jié)構(gòu)的陡傾順層斜坡。(2)根據(jù)動(dòng)力離心模型試驗(yàn)的基本原理以及相似量綱分析原理確定了模型試驗(yàn)的相似常數(shù),開(kāi)展了模型斜坡硬巖和軟巖的選材和配比試驗(yàn),通過(guò)比較遴選出模型試驗(yàn)的最優(yōu)相似材料和相應(yīng)的配合比,并按照試驗(yàn)所需選取了相應(yīng)的測(cè)量元器件并對(duì)試驗(yàn)測(cè)點(diǎn)布置進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),按照試驗(yàn)?zāi)康拇_定了地震波的加載方案。通過(guò)對(duì)整個(gè)試驗(yàn)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)施,建立了適用于陡傾順層斜坡動(dòng)力離心模型試驗(yàn)的一套比較優(yōu)化的試驗(yàn)方法。(3)采用土工離心機(jī)開(kāi)展了陡傾順層斜坡的離心振動(dòng)臺(tái)模型試驗(yàn),通過(guò)高速攝像機(jī)和監(jiān)視系統(tǒng)觀察兩個(gè)斜坡模型的變形破壞特征,然后分析斜坡變形破壞的演化過(guò)程,進(jìn)而分析陡傾順層斜坡的失穩(wěn)機(jī)理。分析表明,陡傾層狀硬巖斜坡以崩塌和坡肩巖體拋射為主,而軟硬互層斜坡的破壞方式主要為滑移-彎曲。(4)對(duì)比分析了層狀硬巖斜坡和軟硬互層斜坡在不同地震加載情況下監(jiān)測(cè)的加速度數(shù)據(jù),探討了地震動(dòng)參數(shù)和斜坡體自身地質(zhì)條件對(duì)陡傾順層斜坡地震動(dòng)力響應(yīng)的影響規(guī)律。綜合考慮了對(duì)斜坡地震動(dòng)力響應(yīng)造成影響各種因素,分析得出了陡傾順層斜坡的水平放大效應(yīng)、高程放大效應(yīng)、臨空面效應(yīng)、不同振幅條件下斜坡的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)規(guī)律以及不同坡體結(jié)構(gòu)斜坡的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)規(guī)律。動(dòng)力響應(yīng)分析結(jié)果很好的揭示了陡傾順層斜坡在地震作用下的變形破壞特征及失穩(wěn)機(jī)理。(5)通過(guò)三維離散元軟件3DEC反演了陡傾順層斜坡的破壞形式,在此基礎(chǔ)上分析了層狀硬巖和軟硬互層斜坡在地震荷載作用下邊坡的破壞模式,并與離心振動(dòng)臺(tái)模型試驗(yàn)的結(jié)果相對(duì)比。結(jié)果表明數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算與離心振動(dòng)臺(tái)模型試驗(yàn)的斜坡破壞特征是基本吻合的,由此可見(jiàn),數(shù)值模擬基本反映了陡傾順層斜坡離心振動(dòng)臺(tái)模型試驗(yàn)中坡體的整個(gè)破壞過(guò)程。
[Abstract]:Our country is located in the circum Pacific seismic belt and Mediterranean - Himalaya earthquake belt, is the world's largest region, earthquake, is an earthquake prone country. In high and steep slope of the mountain west, the earthquake will lead to high and steep slope instability, induced collapse, landslide, debris flow and other secondary geological disasters in.2008 May 12th Wenchuan earthquake caused the collapse of too many to count, landslides and other geological disasters, causing catastrophic damage to the epicenter and its surrounding areas. In the investigation of secondary geological disasters induced by the Wenchuan earthquake, found a large number of steep bedding slope overall instability phenomenon, and the traditional "steep slope stability better" is not consistent. This is how the slope instability under strong earthquake, only study earthquakes steep bedding slope instability mechanism and dynamic response law in order to clarify this issue. Based on the "5.12 Wenchuan earthquake" as the research background, through to the Wenchuan earthquake region of steep bedding slope instability characteristics, based on the field investigation and analysis, a conceptual model is established. Combined with the test method of centrifugal vibration analysis of steep bedding slope dynamic response characteristics and failure mechanism, the main work and results are as follows: (1) according to a large number of field investigation of Wenchuan earthquake induced by steep inclined bedding slope dynamic instability as an example, the typical dry mill landslide and Dazhu Ping landslide as an example, the abstract generalized layered hard rock and soft and hard interbedded with two different slope structures (steep bedding slope. 2) according to the basic principle of dynamic centrifuge model test and similar dimension analysis principle to determine the similarity constants of model test, carried out the material and ratio of the test model of hard rock and soft rock slope, by comparing the selection of optimal model test Similar materials and the corresponding proportion, and in accordance with the test required for selected components corresponding measurement and design on the arrangement of testing points, according to the test to determine the seismic wave loading scheme. Through the design and implementation of the test, is established on a steep optimization test method of bedding slope dynamic centrifuge model test. (3) carried out by centrifuge centrifuge shaking table model test of steep bedding slope, with high-speed camera and monitor system observation two slope deformation characteristics of the model, and then analyzes the evolution process of slope deformation and failure, and then analyzes the instability mechanism of steep bedding slope. Analysis shows that the steep layered slope with hard rock collapse and rock slope shoulder projectile, and the failure mode of soft and hard interbedded slope mainly slip - bending. (4) comparison and analysis of the hard rock and soft layered slope The acceleration data of interbedded slope in different seismic loading monitoring, discusses the ground motion parameters and its slope geological conditions on steep slope along the influence of layer seismic response. Considering the impact of various factors on the seismic response analysis of the slope, steep bedding slope level amplification effect. Elevation amplification effect, surface effect, dynamic responses of the dynamic response of different amplitudes and different slope slope slope structure. The dynamic response analysis of good results revealed a steep slope in the layer along the deformation characteristics under earthquake and the instability mechanism. (5) by three-dimensional discrete element software 3DEC the failure form of inversion of steep bedding slope, based on the analysis of the failure modes of layered hard rock and soft and hard interbedded slope slope under seismic load, and the centrifugal vibration table The results of the model test are compared. The results show that the numerical simulation is basically consistent with the slope failure characteristics of the centrifugal shaking table model test. Therefore, the numerical simulation basically reflects the whole failure process of the slope in the centrifuge shaking table model test of steep slope.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU43

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