本文關鍵詞： 保溫 承重 一體化 強度 導熱系數　出處：《中原工學院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：為了緩解建筑行業(yè)的發(fā)展所帶來的資源和環(huán)境的雙重壓力,推進和發(fā)展低能耗、低排放、低污染的綠色生態(tài)建筑材料,人們開始重新審視“生土”這一古老而傳統(tǒng)的建筑材料。發(fā)現生土是節(jié)能、環(huán)保、綠色的建筑材料。生土材料可以通過有機、無機或物理改性以及復合改性,制備出力學性能和耐水性符合要求的生土材料,但是保溫性能往往隨之弱化。為彌補不同增強措施對生土材料保溫性能的不利影響,通過引入細小孔隙調整生土材料孔隙組成,或加入陶粒、珍珠巖類微孔粗集料改變生土材料整體的微觀結構和孔隙結構,提高生土材料的保溫隔熱性能。本課題的研究既可以為農村住宅建設提供一種新的復合功能的節(jié)能墻體材料,又可以使具有悠久歷史的傳統(tǒng)生土建筑獲得新生。本課題以生土為原料,調節(jié)水固比,通過植物纖維和無機膠凝材料對生土材料進行力學性能改性,摻加陶粒來降低生土材料的導熱系數,從而制備出保溫承重一體化的生土材料。研究工作取得如下主要進展:(1)通過改變拌合水的用量,研究水固比對生土材料力學性能的影響,并觀察拌合物的和易性。結果表明,在水固比為0.22時,生土試塊的抗壓和抗折強度都達到最高,并且具備良好的和易性。(2)對生土材料進行物理改性,摻入黃麻纖維、甘蔗纖維、椰殼纖維等三種不同摻量的植物纖維,改善生土的力學性能。結果表明,三種植物纖維對生土材料的抗壓強度提高不明顯,卻能大幅度提高生土材料的抗折強度,其中,黃麻纖維的改善功能尤其顯著。(3)在物理改性基礎上,對生土材料進行無機改性,通過摻入普通硅酸鹽水泥、鋁酸鹽水泥、硫鋁酸鹽水泥等三種無機膠凝材料,改變摻量,研究其對生土材料的力學性能影響。結果表明,普通硅酸鹽水泥對提高生土材料的力學性能最為顯著,當摻量為16%時,生土試塊的抗壓強度達到8.2MPa,抗折強度達到4.0MPa,滿足強度要求。(4)研究表明,對生土材料進行改性,雖然能提高生土材料的力學性能,卻提高了生土材料的導熱系數,導致其保溫性能降低。(5)在生土材料改性基礎上,加入頁巖陶粒、黏土陶粒和粉煤灰陶粒,研究不同種類和摻量的陶粒對生土材料的熱工性能的影響。結果表明,生土材料的導熱系數隨著陶粒摻量的增加而降低,黏土陶粒對改善生土的保溫性能比較突出。當摻量為24%時,生土試塊的強度和保溫性能都能滿足要求。
[Abstract]:Double pressure to ease the development of the construction industry brought about by the resources and the environment, and promote the development of low energy consumption, low emissions, low pollution of the green ecological building materials, people began to re-examine the "Earth" of the ancient and traditional building materials. It is found that earth is energy saving, environmental protection, green building materials raw materials can be. Through the organic, inorganic or physical modification and composite modification, prepared to meet the requirements of mechanical properties and water resistance of the material, but the insulation performance is often weakened. To compensate the adverse effect of different measures to reinforce the insulation performance of adobe materials, through the introduction of small pore adjustment material pore, or adding ceramsite, perlite microporous aggregate change the microstructure and pore structure of the material of the whole, improve the insulation performance of raw soil materials. This research not only for rural residential construction Energy saving wall materials provided a new composite function, and can make with a long history of traditional adobe building reborn. This subject to earth as the raw material, adjusting the ratio of water to solid, by plant fiber and inorganic cementitious materials on the mechanical properties of the material modification, to reduce the thermal conductivity of material mixing ceramsite, thus preparing thermal insulation integrated material. Main results were as follows: (1) research work by changing the amount of mixing water, to study the effect of water solid ratio on the mechanical properties of the material, and to observe the workability. The results showed that the water solid ratio is 0.22, Adobe block the compressive strength and flexural strength were the highest, and has good workability. (2) the material physical modification, the incorporation of jute fiber, sugar cane fiber, plant fiber coir fiber and other three kinds of different content, improve soil Mechanical properties. The results show that the compressive strength of three kinds of plant fiber material on earth do not improve significantly, it can greatly improve the flexural strength of the material, the jute fiber and improve the function of especially significant. (3) in physical modification on the basis of raw materials are inorganic modified by the incorporation of ordinary portland cement, aluminate cement, sulphoaluminate cement and other three kinds of inorganic cementitious materials, change the volume, to study its effect on the mechanical properties of the material. The results show that the ordinary portland cement to improve the mechanical properties of the material is the most significant, when the content is 16%, the compressive strength of soil reached 8.2MPa, the flexural strength reached 4.0MPa, meet the strength requirements. (4) study shows that the material was modified, although can improve mechanical properties of the material, but improves the thermal conductivity of the material, resulting in the decrease of the thermal insulation performance (5). In the foundation of modified raw soil material, adding shale, clay ceramsite and flyash, affect the thermal performance of different types and dosage of ceramic raw soil materials. The results show that the thermal conductivity of the material decreases with the increasing amount of ceramsite, clay pottery grain to improve the insulation performance of the earth more prominent. When the content is 24%, Adobe block strength and thermal insulation properties can meet the requirements.

【學位授予單位】：中原工學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU521.3

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