發(fā)布時間：2018-05-07 23:41

  本文選題：動態(tài)血壓 + 示波法��； 參考：《西安電子科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：血壓即為血管血液作用在血管壁上的壓強,是反映人體心血管系統(tǒng)的首要參數(shù),在臨床病情診斷中有著非常重要的意義。血壓可以實時反映人體的健康狀況,但是它也非常容易受到外界諸如運動、睡眠和心理活動等因素的干擾,進(jìn)而影響到偶測血壓的測量結(jié)果。而近些年逐漸流行的動態(tài)血壓(ABPM)監(jiān)測系統(tǒng),可以很好的避免因偶測血壓所產(chǎn)生的問題。ABPM是一種可以間隔15~30分鐘自動連續(xù)監(jiān)測患者24小時的血壓變化的動態(tài)監(jiān)測醫(yī)療設(shè)備,它能夠?qū)⒈O(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)處理得到的患者的24小時血壓變化曲線提供醫(yī)護人員分析判斷當(dāng)前患者的血壓狀況。相比于傳統(tǒng)的電子血壓計,動態(tài)血壓監(jiān)測具有很巨大的突破。但是通過對現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)品的調(diào)研,最終得到結(jié)論需要設(shè)計一款指環(huán)型的動態(tài)血壓監(jiān)測系統(tǒng),是因為現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)品的一些缺陷:準(zhǔn)確度方面,基于示波法的原理性方面的缺陷,動態(tài)血壓監(jiān)測這種方式測量結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性有待提高;測量方式方面,傳統(tǒng)使用袖帶測量血壓的方式,這種方式會產(chǎn)生不舒適感也會影響到患者夜間的睡眠情況,增加患者血壓測量偏差;測量時間方面,現(xiàn)有設(shè)備的測量時間一般為40~50s,而過長的測量時間有更大的可能使血壓測量時受到外界干擾。為了解決現(xiàn)有動態(tài)血壓監(jiān)測產(chǎn)品的缺陷,文中設(shè)計開發(fā)了一款指環(huán)型動態(tài)血壓測量系統(tǒng)。主要工作內(nèi)容如下:(1)改進(jìn)脈搏波測量方法和血壓計算算法。通過文中分析多種擬合曲線的算法,最終對比算法結(jié)果而選擇高斯擬合算法對一組脈搏波的峰值點進(jìn)行曲線包絡(luò)擬合。然后使用改進(jìn)的變幅度系數(shù)算法,由高斯擬合曲線確定計算比例系數(shù),提高測量結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性和個體性。(2)研究討論一種指動脈血壓重建到肱動脈血壓的方法。首先使用上述的方法得到患者指動脈血壓結(jié)果;然后再使用回流校準(zhǔn)方法,選擇最優(yōu)的壓力梯度失真校準(zhǔn)方式,分別校準(zhǔn)脈搏波的傳導(dǎo)失真和壓力梯度失真;最后,重建為醫(yī)療標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的肱動脈血壓數(shù)據(jù),并對比驗證。(3)改進(jìn)測量方式。本文選擇一種在氣路升壓過程中進(jìn)行測量的快速血壓測量方法,重點研究解決氣泵影響測量精度的問題,這種測量方式會大大減少測量時間。(4)完善指環(huán)型動態(tài)血壓監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)設(shè)計。通過增加一些成熟應(yīng)用模塊,讓此系統(tǒng)的使用更加智能、易用。比如加速度監(jiān)測模塊可以自動監(jiān)測患者睡眠狀態(tài)、自動監(jiān)測患者活動狀態(tài),藍(lán)牙模塊可以自動連接主機上傳數(shù)據(jù)等等。此外本文還通過實際測量驗證了該系統(tǒng)的準(zhǔn)確性和重復(fù)性,對比Finapres設(shè)備檢測得到的血壓測量偏差,測得的平均結(jié)果差異低于3mmHg,說明研制的系統(tǒng)符合設(shè)計要求。
[Abstract]:Blood pressure is the pressure of blood acting on the wall of blood vessel, which is the first parameter to reflect the cardiovascular system of human body. It is very important in the diagnosis of clinical condition. Blood pressure can reflect the health status of human body in real time, but it is also easily disturbed by external factors such as movement, sleep and psychological activities, and then affects the results of occasional blood pressure measurement. The ABPM-based ambulatory blood pressure monitoring system, which has become popular in recent years, can well avoid the problems caused by occasional blood pressure measurements. ABPM is a kind of dynamic monitoring medical device that can automatically monitor the changes of blood pressure of patients for 24 hours at intervals of 1530 minutes. It can analyze and judge the current patient's blood pressure by analyzing the 24 hour blood pressure curve obtained from monitoring data processing. Compared with the traditional electronic sphygmomanometer, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring has a great breakthrough. But through the investigation of the existing products, it is concluded that it is necessary to design a ring type ambulatory blood pressure monitoring system because of the defects of the existing products: the accuracy, the principle based on the oscillographic method. The accuracy of the results of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring needs to be improved. In terms of measuring methods, the traditional way of using cuff to measure blood pressure will create discomfort and affect the sleeping condition of patients at night. In the aspect of measuring time, the measuring time of the existing equipment is generally 40 ~ 50 s, but the longer measuring time is more likely to cause the external interference in the blood pressure measurement. In order to solve the defects of the current ambulatory blood pressure monitoring products, a ring type ambulatory blood pressure measurement system is designed and developed in this paper. The main work is as follows: 1) improved pulse wave measurement method and blood pressure calculation algorithm. By analyzing various algorithms of fitting curves and comparing the results of the algorithms, Gao Si fitting algorithm is chosen to fit the peak points of a group of pulse waves. Then using the improved variable amplitude coefficient algorithm, the proportion coefficient is determined by Gao Si fitting curve to improve the accuracy and individuality of the measured results.) A method for reconstruction of finger artery blood pressure to brachial artery blood pressure is discussed. First, we use the above method to get the results of the patient's digital artery blood pressure; then, using the reflux calibration method, we choose the optimal pressure gradient distortion calibration method to calibrate the pulse wave conduction distortion and the pressure gradient distortion respectively. Finally, The brachial artery blood pressure data were reconstructed to a medical standard and compared with validation. In this paper, a rapid blood pressure measurement method is chosen to measure the pressure in the process of air pressure rise, and the problem that the air pump affects the measurement accuracy is studied. This method can greatly reduce the measurement time. 4) improve the design of ring-based ambulatory blood pressure monitoring system. By adding some mature application modules to make the system more intelligent and easy to use. For example, acceleration monitoring module can automatically monitor patient sleep state, automatic monitoring patient activity state, Bluetooth module can automatically connect host to upload data and so on. In addition, the accuracy and repeatability of the system are verified by actual measurement. Compared with the deviation of blood pressure measured by Finapres equipment, the average difference is less than 3 mm Hg. it shows that the developed system meets the design requirements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：R443.5

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