本文選題：蒙特卡羅　切入點(diǎn)：耦合建模　出處：《中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2015年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：放射治療是臨床上治療腫瘤的三大手段之一,劑量計(jì)算是放射治療計(jì)劃設(shè)計(jì)與驗(yàn)證的核心技術(shù)。基于蒙特卡羅的劑量計(jì)算方法被公認(rèn)為最精確的放射治療劑量計(jì)算方法,而是否能夠建立高精度的加速器裝置和人體模型是決定劑量計(jì)算精度的關(guān)鍵因素之一。基于上述問題本文深入研究了蒙特卡羅模擬放療計(jì)劃過程中涉及的加速器治療頭的建模、多葉光柵建模、人體模型建模和加速器裝置與人體模型的耦合建模等一系列關(guān)鍵問題。主要的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)如下： 1、發(fā)展了基于直線加速器治療頭CAD模型的精確蒙特卡羅建模方法,實(shí)現(xiàn)加速器工程模型到蒙卡模型的轉(zhuǎn)換,為放療計(jì)劃模擬提供了真實(shí)的射束源�；谠摲椒ń⒘四硣a(chǎn)加速器治療頭的精確模型,模擬了6MeV加速器的光子射束,通過純水模例題計(jì)算與實(shí)測值進(jìn)行對比,數(shù)據(jù)一致性驗(yàn)證了所建立的加速器模型的正確性。 2、發(fā)展了一種能夠模擬多葉光柵(MLC)精細(xì)結(jié)構(gòu)的精確建模方法,解決適形或調(diào)強(qiáng)放療計(jì)劃中復(fù)雜限束裝置的精確建模的困難問題。參數(shù)化的建模界面可以建立MLC特有的弧形端面、舌狀和凹槽結(jié)構(gòu)、側(cè)面聚焦于加速器源點(diǎn)的葉片,精細(xì)地模擬了MLC葉片的機(jī)械幾何構(gòu)造,解決手工建模的復(fù)雜性問題。通過純水模例題計(jì)算與實(shí)測值的對比,驗(yàn)證了MLC建模的正確性。 3、基于層次化建模思想,發(fā)展了加速器治療頭、MLC和人體模型的耦合建模方法,實(shí)現(xiàn)了放射治療射束與人體劑量的整體輸運(yùn)的模擬。通過模擬真實(shí)的放療計(jì)劃例題與EGSnrc的計(jì)算結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比測試,結(jié)果的一致性證明了耦合方法的準(zhǔn)確性。
[Abstract]:Radiation therapy is one of the three major methods in the treatment of tumor. Dose calculation is the core technology in the design and verification of radiotherapy plan. The dose calculation method based on Monte Carlo is recognized as the most accurate dose calculation method for radiotherapy. Whether it is possible to establish high precision accelerator and human model is one of the key factors to determine the accuracy of dose calculation. Based on the above problems, the modeling of accelerator therapeutic head involved in Monte Carlo simulated radiotherapy planning is studied in depth. A series of key issues, such as multileaf grating modeling, mannequin modeling and coupling modeling between accelerator and human body model, are discussed. The main innovations are as follows:. 1. An accurate Monte Carlo modeling method based on the CAD model of the linear accelerator head is developed to realize the conversion from the accelerator engineering model to the Monka model. Based on this method, an accurate model of the treatment head of a domestic accelerator is established, and the photon beam of the 6MeV accelerator is simulated. The calculated results are compared with the measured values by the example of pure water model. The data consistency verifies the correctness of the accelerator model. 2. An accurate modeling method which can simulate the fine structure of multileaf grating is developed to solve the difficult problem of accurate modeling of complex beam limiting devices in conformal or intensity modulated radiation planning. The structure of tongue and grooves, with the side focusing on the blade of the source point of the accelerator, is used to simulate the mechanical geometry of the MLC blade in detail and to solve the complexity problem of manual modeling. The correctness of MLC modeling is verified. 3. Based on the idea of hierarchical modeling, the coupling modeling method between MLC and human model is developed. The simulation of the whole transport of radiation beam and human dose is realized. The accuracy of the coupled method is proved by comparing the simulated real radiotherapy plan with the calculated results of EGSnrc.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：R730.55

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