本文關(guān)鍵詞： 社會(huì)支持 自我效能 高血壓　出處：《新鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)學(xué)院》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：背景 高血壓是最常見(jiàn)的慢性心血管疾病,在其長(zhǎng)期的治療和康復(fù)中,患者的自我效能十分重要。高血壓的主要患病人群是老年人,需要更多的社會(huì)支持,以增強(qiáng)健康行為能力和自我效能,促進(jìn)血壓恢復(fù)。但國(guó)內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)對(duì)老年高血壓患者社會(huì)支持與自我效能相關(guān)性的報(bào)道較少。探討老年高血壓患者社會(huì)支持與自我效能的相關(guān)性可為其自我效能的干預(yù)及臨床實(shí)踐提供依據(jù)。 目的 測(cè)定老年高血壓患者的社會(huì)支持和自我效能水平,及其影響因素,探討老年高血壓患者社會(huì)支持與自我效能的相關(guān)性。 方法 采用便利抽樣法,對(duì)某三級(jí)甲等醫(yī)院門(mén)診的128例老年高血壓患者進(jìn)行問(wèn)卷調(diào)查。分別采用一般資料調(diào)查表、高血壓病人自我效能評(píng)價(jià)表、社會(huì)支持評(píng)定量表測(cè)定患者的一般資料、自我效能和社會(huì)支持狀況。將全部資料量化后輸入計(jì)算機(jī),建立數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),用SPSS17.0軟件進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。 1.用頻數(shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)、均數(shù)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差描述老年高血壓患者的一般資料(社會(huì)人口學(xué)資料和疾病相關(guān)資料)、自我效能和社會(huì)支持狀況； 2.用t檢驗(yàn)、方差分析和秩和檢驗(yàn)探討一般資料對(duì)患者自我效能的影響； 3.用Pearson相關(guān)分析探討患者的社會(huì)支持與自我效能的相關(guān)性； 4.以自我效能總分及各維度(日常生活、健康行為、服藥和遵醫(yī)行為)得分為因變量,以單因素分析和相關(guān)分析中有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異的項(xiàng)目為自變量,進(jìn)行多重線性回歸分析,探討患者自我效能的影響因素。 結(jié)果 1.128例老年高血壓患者自我效能總分為26.91±2.89,其中日常生活、健康行為、藥物治療、遵醫(yī)行為自我效能維度得分分別為7.33±2.76、6.58±2.21、8.21±3.11和4.79±3.22。 2.128例老年高血壓患者社會(huì)支持總分為40.16±7.70,其中客觀支持、主觀支持和對(duì)社會(huì)支持的利用度分別為9.92±2.54、24.11±5.31和8.04±2.14。 3.老年高血壓患者的自我效能與其社會(huì)支持呈正相關(guān)(r=0.481,P0.01)。 4.單因素分析顯示,文化程度較高、有配偶、公費(fèi)醫(yī)療、病程較長(zhǎng)、合并有慢性病的老年高血壓患者的自我效能較高,與其他組相比,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05或(P0.01)。多因素分析顯示,社會(huì)支持、有無(wú)合并慢性病和婚姻狀況進(jìn)入老年高血壓患者自我效能為因變量的多重線性回歸方程,解釋了全部變異的31.8%。 結(jié)論 1.老年高血壓患者的自我效能較差,尤其體現(xiàn)在日常生活、健康行為和遵醫(yī)行為等方面；老年高血壓患者的社會(huì)支持處于中等水平。 2.老年高血壓患者的社會(huì)支持與自我效能存在正相關(guān)關(guān)系,社會(huì)支持水平越高,自我效能越好。
[Abstract]:Background Hypertension is the most common chronic cardiovascular disease, in its long-term treatment and rehabilitation, the self-efficacy of patients is very important. To enhance healthy behavior and self-efficacy. However, there are few reports on the correlation between social support and self-efficacy in elderly patients with hypertension. To explore the correlation between social support and self-efficacy in elderly hypertensive patients may be the dry part of self-efficacy. To provide basis for clinical practice. Purpose To investigate the correlation between social support and self-efficacy in elderly patients with hypertension, the level of social support and self-efficacy and its influencing factors were measured. Method The convenience sampling method was used to investigate 128 elderly patients with hypertension in a Grade 3A Hospital. The general information questionnaire was used to evaluate the self-efficacy of hypertension patients. The social support rating scale was used to measure the general data, self-efficacy and social support status of the patients. After quantifying all the data, the data were input into the computer, and the database was established, and the statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS17.0 software. 1. Use frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation to describe the general data of elderly patients with hypertension (social demographics and disease-related data), self-efficacy and social support; 2. T test, ANOVA and rank sum test were used to explore the influence of general data on patients' self-efficacy. 3. To explore the correlation between social support and self-efficacy by Pearson correlation analysis. 4. The total score of self-efficacy and the scores of each dimension (daily life, health behavior, medication and compliance) were taken as dependent variables, and the items with statistical differences in univariate analysis and correlation analysis were taken as independent variables. To investigate the influencing factors of self-efficacy by multiple linear regression analysis. Results 1.The total score of self-efficacy of 128 elderly patients with hypertension was 26.91 鹵2.89, including daily life, healthy behavior and drug therapy. The scores of self-efficacy were 7.33 鹵2.76 鹵6.58 鹵2.21 鹵3.11 and 4.79 鹵3.22, respectively. 2.The total score of social support in 128 elderly patients with hypertension was 40.16 鹵7.70. The utilization of objective support, subjective support and social support was 9.92 鹵2.54, respectively. 24.11 鹵5.31 and 8.04 鹵2.14. 3. There was a positive correlation between self efficacy and social support in elderly patients with hypertension. 4. Univariate analysis showed that the elderly patients with high education level, spouse, public medical treatment, longer course of disease and chronic diseases had higher self-efficacy, compared with other groups. The difference was statistically significant (P 0.05 or P 0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that social support. Multiple linear regression equations with or without chronic diseases and marital status as dependent variables of self-efficacy in elderly patients with hypertension explained the total variation of 31.8B. Conclusion 1. The self-efficacy of the elderly patients with hypertension is poor, especially in the aspects of daily life, health behavior and compliance behavior, and the social support of the elderly patients with hypertension is at the middle level. 2. There is a positive correlation between social support and self-efficacy in elderly patients with hypertension. The higher the level of social support, the better self-efficacy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R473.5

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