本文關(guān)鍵詞：全程健康教育在銀屑病防治中的應(yīng)用　出處：《新鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)學(xué)院》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 全程健康教育 銀屑病 防治

【摘要】：銀屑病是一種常見的紅斑鱗屑性皮膚病,病因與多基因遺傳有關(guān),且受多種因素如外傷,感染、藥物或不健康的生活習(xí)慣等影響,其特征是慢性,加重和緩解反復(fù)交替發(fā)作,使患者身心俱疲,嚴(yán)重影響患者的生活質(zhì)量。由于患者對疾病認(rèn)識的有限,在治療過程中不能正確使用藥物,或者濫用藥物過度治療,導(dǎo)致治療難度增加,甚至.治療失敗,也給患者帶來了沉重的經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)。因此,對銀屑病患者進(jìn)行全程健康教育,可以提高治療療效,降低復(fù)發(fā)率,同時讓患者了解到自我管理疾病的方法,提高其生活質(zhì)量。目的對銀屑病患者進(jìn)行健康教育指導(dǎo),從治療療效、復(fù)發(fā)率、心理狀態(tài)及生活質(zhì)量等多方面的改變與對照組對比,評價銀屑病全程健康教育的效果。試圖探索科學(xué)有效經(jīng)濟(jì)的適合銀屑病患者的健康教育模式,并擬為在社區(qū)推廣銀屑病及其他慢性皮膚病健康教育提供參考依據(jù)。方法選取來我院就診的尋常型銀屑病患者共392例,分為強(qiáng)化管理組(研究組)200例和對照組192例。入組時,全面收集二組患者的基本信息,包括患者性別、年齡、受教育程度、職業(yè)、患病時間、既往史、家族史等,對患者的皮損面積和嚴(yán)重程度指數(shù)(PASI)進(jìn)行評分,并由患者逐一填寫癥狀自評量表(SCL-90)、焦慮自評量表(SAS)、抑郁自評量表(SDS)及皮膚病生活質(zhì)量指數(shù)表(DLQI),建立健康檔案。其次,二組患者均采用維生素D3類似物(卡泊三醇)外用治療方案,監(jiān)測4周、8周、12周后的皮損改善情況,填寫PASI評分表,并進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計學(xué)分析,評價二組患者的治療療效。另對研究組患者進(jìn)行教育前評估,了解患者對疾病的認(rèn)知情況、對疾病知識的渴望程度、日常飲食習(xí)慣及生活方式,實施為期12個月的健康教育,指導(dǎo)其正確使用藥物,加強(qiáng)日常皮膚護(hù)理,并同時跟蹤檢測及隨訪,進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)男睦硎鑼?dǎo)。健康教育后再次讓二組患者填寫SCL-90、SAS、SDS、DLQI表,并了解患者的皮損有無復(fù)發(fā),對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計學(xué)分析,評價健康教育干預(yù)前后二組患者的復(fù)發(fā)率、心理癥狀、生活質(zhì)量是否發(fā)生差異性改變,改變量多少。結(jié)果對二組患者治療4周、8周、12周后有效率的比較,治療4周、8周、12周后其有效率高于對照組,P0.05對比差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義；跟蹤隨訪12個月后二組復(fù)發(fā)率的比較,研究組明顯低于對照組,P0.05對比差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義；研究組患者前后心理狀態(tài)測評中軀體化、抑郁、焦慮、敵對得分,抑郁自評量表得分,焦慮自評量表得分較接受健康教育指導(dǎo)前有明顯改善,且改善優(yōu)于對照組,P0.05差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義；研究組患者前后皮膚病生活質(zhì)量指數(shù)得分較接受健康教育指導(dǎo)前有明顯下降,P0.05差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。結(jié)論：本課題通過對研究組銀屑病患者開展健康教育,使其加深對銀屑病相關(guān)知識的理解認(rèn)識,樹立正確對待疾病的態(tài)度,規(guī)范合理使用藥物治療,養(yǎng)成良好的飲食習(xí)慣和生活方式,規(guī)避患病風(fēng)險,從而有效的提高了本病的治療療效,降低了復(fù)發(fā)率,延長疾病的緩解期,促進(jìn)患者的心理健康,提高其生活質(zhì)量。通過對患者心理、行為、生活方式等方面的干預(yù),為銀屑病的治療提供了一種廉價、適用的輔助方法,同時增加了醫(yī)患之間的溝通交流,創(chuàng)建良好的就醫(yī)環(huán)境,構(gòu)建和諧就醫(yī)模式,值得進(jìn)一步的研究和更廣泛的推廣。
[Abstract]:Psoriasis is a common erythematous scaly skin disease, etiology and genetic, and is affected by many factors such as trauma, infection, drugs or unhealthy habits and so on, which is characterized by chronic, aggravating and relieving alternately repeatedly attack, make fatigued patients, seriously affect the quality of life of patients. Because of the limited knowledge on the disease in patients, not the proper use of drugs in the course of treatment, drug abuse or excessive treatment, resulting in the difficulty of treatment increased. Even treatment failure, also give patients bring heavy economic burden. Therefore, the whole health education to patients with psoriasis, can improve the curative effect, reduce the recurrence rate. At the same time, so that patients understand the disease self-management method, improve their quality of life. The purpose of health education on the patients with psoriasis, the recurrence rate in treatment, and psychological status and quality of life etc. The change compared with the control group, the health education effect evaluation of psoriasis. To explore the scientific and effective economy for health education in patients with psoriasis, and to provide reference for promotion in the community of psoriasis and other chronic skin disease health education. A total of 392 cases in our hospital for treatment of patients with psoriasis vulgaris were divided into methods. Strengthen the management group (Study Group) 200 cases and 192 cases in the control group. In this group, a comprehensive collection of two groups of patients with basic information, including gender, age, education, occupation, duration of illness, past history, family history, for patients with psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) of the score, and by the patient by completing the symptom checklist (SCL-90), self rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), self rating Depression Scale (SDS) and dermatology life quality index (DLQI), the establishment of health records. Secondly, two groups of patients were treated with vitamin D3 analogues (capobenic three alcohol) topical treatment, monitoring for 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks after the improvement of skin lesions, PASI score sheet, and statistical analysis, evaluation of curative effect in the treatment of two groups of patients. The other patients in the study group to evaluate education before patients understand the cognition of the disease. For a degree of knowledge of disease, diet habits and life style, the implementation of health education for 12 months, guide the drug use correctly, strengthen the daily skin care, and at the same time tracking detection and follow-up of appropriate psychological counseling. After health education once again asked two groups of patients completed the SCL-90, SAS, SDS, DLQI, and understand the skin lesions of patients with recurrence, the statistical analysis of the data, psychological symptoms of two groups of patients with recurrence, evaluated before and after health education intervention, quality of life whether there are differences in changes, changes in quantity. The results of two groups of patients 4 Week, 8 weeks, 12 weeks after the comparison of efficiency, for 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks after its efficiency was higher than the control group, P0.05 was statistically significant differences between the two groups; the recurrence rate of follow-up after 12 months, the study group was significantly lower than the control group, was statistically significant difference P0.05 study group of patients before and after the body; mental state evaluation, depression, anxiety, hostility score, self rating Depression Scale score, self rating Anxiety Scale scores than the accepted health education before have significantly improved and better than the control group, there were significant differences in P0.05; the research group of patients before and after the dermatology life quality index score is accepted health education before decreased significantly, there were significant differences in P0.05. Conclusion: this topic through to carry out health education research group of patients with psoriasis, which deepen the understanding of knowledge related to psoriasis, establish the correct treatment. Disease attitude, normative and rational use of drugs, to develop good eating habits and lifestyle, to avoid the risk, thus effectively improve the curative effect of the treatment of the disease, reduce the recurrence rate, prolong disease remission, promote the patient's mental health, improve their quality of life. The behavior of patients, psychological aspects lifestyle intervention for the treatment of psoriasis provides a cheap, auxiliary applicable method, but also increase the doctor-patient communication, create a good medical environment, building a harmonious medical model, it is worthy of further research and more widely.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：新鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：R473.75

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本文編號：1385318