魯彥鄉(xiāng)土小說創(chuàng)作研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-14 18:21
【摘要】：在上個(gè)世紀(jì)20年代初,對(duì)鄉(xiāng)土的眷戀與反思成為當(dāng)時(shí)中國(guó)文壇一股嶄新的潮流,很多作家投身其中。在魯迅這竿文藝大纛的指引下,一些曾經(jīng)有過童年、青年時(shí)期鄉(xiāng)村生活體驗(yàn)和記憶而今蟄居城市的“邊緣”文化者,以其新潮的目光對(duì)曾經(jīng)生活過的故鄉(xiāng)進(jìn)行回憶與反思的同時(shí),對(duì)家鄉(xiāng)封閉的世俗加以理性的審視和批判,出現(xiàn)了大量的鄉(xiāng)土文學(xué)作品,誕生了一批卓有才華的青年作家,而王魯彥就是這群鄉(xiāng)土作家中的佼佼者。王魯彥作為具有叛逆意識(shí)的新一代知識(shí)分子,經(jīng)過“五四”運(yùn)動(dòng)洗禮,流淌在其血液中的是積極的改良社會(huì)的啟蒙意識(shí)與拯救因子,他在思想和追求上旗幟鮮明地以魯迅馬首是瞻;他給自己小說創(chuàng)作定位為啟蒙家鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民愚昧、封閉、落后的小農(nóng)意識(shí),喚醒其追求新生活的覺悟,進(jìn)而達(dá)到?jīng)_破家鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民破舊的傳統(tǒng)觀念的籬笆、掙脫不思進(jìn)取的封建思想的精神枷鎖,進(jìn)而幫助這些鄉(xiāng)民成為新型農(nóng)村和新生活的開拓者。為此,他通過自己對(duì)所生活過的、記憶中熟悉的浙東地區(qū)特殊的風(fēng)土人情、與眾不同的地域文化、淳樸而又封閉、落后的民風(fēng)民俗全方位的審視與深沉的思考,用他手中的筆將鄉(xiāng)民愚昧、狹隘、自私、保守的性格進(jìn)行了入木三分的刻畫與揭露,生動(dòng)地展現(xiàn)了二十世紀(jì)20年代浙東農(nóng)村原生態(tài)的生活畫卷,塑造了一個(gè)個(gè)栩栩如生的浙東農(nóng)民群體肖像,也為中國(guó)文學(xué)寶庫(kù)留下了一筆豐厚的遺產(chǎn)。因此,研究其創(chuàng)作歷程以及創(chuàng)作風(fēng)格對(duì)于今天仍然具有積極的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。雖然與同時(shí)期的其他鄉(xiāng)土作家一樣,王魯彥對(duì)于當(dāng)時(shí)中國(guó)農(nóng)村有著共同的思索和使命,但是,他在描寫浙東農(nóng)村以及浙東鄉(xiāng)民的小說創(chuàng)作中,卻以自己獨(dú)特的視角和深入的觀察、敏銳的感受,寫出了不同于中國(guó)其他鄉(xiāng)村、鄉(xiāng)民的獨(dú)特的地域風(fēng)俗人情,這使得他的鄉(xiāng)土小說得以在諸多的鄉(xiāng)土作家群體中獨(dú)樹一幟且形成了自己獨(dú)特的浙東鄉(xiāng)土小說風(fēng)格。魯彥的作品最大的特點(diǎn)就是對(duì)于浙東鄉(xiāng)土風(fēng)俗的原生態(tài)式的“白描”,同時(shí)通過對(duì)造成浙東民俗形成的歷史淵源進(jìn)行了深入的挖掘,從而揭示出造成浙東農(nóng)村和村民愚昧、封閉意識(shí)深處的最終根源。在作品中,可以清楚地感受到他對(duì)家鄉(xiāng)封閉落后的現(xiàn)狀的毫不留情的批判,同時(shí),也對(duì)那些展現(xiàn)人性美好的傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗進(jìn)行熱情的謳歌。更值一提的是他的小說創(chuàng)作在對(duì)人性假、丑、惡的發(fā)掘上,也成為其創(chuàng)作的亮點(diǎn)。透過他作品的人物,我們看到了重視名利、輕視道義、勢(shì)利澆薄的人性,這種丑惡的陳四橋人性格的一面,集中性的、具有廣泛意義的深度刻畫極具當(dāng)時(shí)鄉(xiāng)民的典型性,在許多研究論述中稱之為“陳四橋性格”。另外,側(cè)重于描寫人物復(fù)雜的心理狀態(tài)也是魯彥的小說一大特點(diǎn),其中以對(duì)鄉(xiāng)民社會(huì)心理和性心理的描寫表現(xiàn)出其不俗的寫作駕馭功力。同時(shí)他的小說總是緊貼時(shí)代發(fā)展的脈搏,作品跨度從民國(guó)軍閥混戰(zhàn)起,橫跨北伐戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)并直到抗戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)這些巨大的社會(huì)變遷,這些事件或者作為故事主人公生活的時(shí)代背景,同時(shí)也成為推動(dòng)小說人物性格變化的土壤和催化劑以及故事情節(jié)發(fā)展的有機(jī)組成部分,就是今天讀來我們依然可以清晰地感受到作品中主人公所處的濃重的時(shí)代氛圍。一言以蔽之,王魯彥通過對(duì)浙東民風(fēng)民俗的細(xì)致刻畫、鄉(xiāng)民多重化心理描寫和諷刺,達(dá)到批判現(xiàn)實(shí)的寫作目的。他的創(chuàng)作歷程,就是告訴我們當(dāng)前文藝工作者在創(chuàng)作中要貼近生活、走進(jìn)生活、反映生活,創(chuàng)作出來的作品才具有恒久的生命力,這些也是我們今天重新研究魯彥創(chuàng)作的意義之所在。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the 20s of last century, the attachment and reflection of the country became a brand new trend in the Chinese literary world, and many writers put themselves into it. Under the guidance of Lu Xun, a great scholar of literature and art, some of the "marginalized" cultures who had experienced and remembered the country life experience and memory of the young people, with their new gaze, were at the same time. While reminiscence and introspection, a large number of local literary works have appeared and a number of talented young writers have been born, while Wang Luyan is the leader of this group of native writers. Wang Lu is a new generation of intellectuals with rebellious consciousness. After the "54" movement baptism, flowing in his blood is a positive improvement of the consciousness and saving factor of the society. He takes a clear-cut stand in his thought and pursuit as Lu Xun. He gives his novel creation to enlighten his hometown farmers' ignorance, closed and backward peasant consciousness, and awaken the consciousness of pursuing a new life, and then, he then awakens the consciousness of pursuing a new life, and then, he then awakens the consciousness of pursuing a new life, and then To break the old fences of the old peasants' old ideas, break away from the spiritual shackles of the enterprising feudal ideology, and then help the villagers to become the pioneer of the new countryside and new life. The closed, backward and backward folk customs and deep thinking, with his pen in the hands of the villagers ignorant, narrow, selfish, conservative character of the portrayal and disclosure, vividly show the original ecological life picture of the rural areas of eastern Zhejiang in 20s twentieth Century, and create a lifelike East Zhejiang peasant group. The portrait of the body has also left a rich legacy for the treasure house of Chinese literature. Therefore, it is still of great practical significance to study his creative process and style of creation today. Though, like other native writers of the same period, Wang Luyan has a common thought and mission to the rural areas of China, but he is describing the rural areas of eastern Zhejiang. In the novel creation of the eastern Zhejiang Province, the unique perspective, the deep observation and the keen sense of his novels have written out the unique regional customs and customs, which are different from the other villages and villagers in China. This makes his local novels unique in many local writers and forms his own unique style of local novels in eastern Zhejiang Province. The greatest feature of Ge Lu's works is the original ecological style of "white drawing" of the local customs in eastern Zhejiang. At the same time, through the deep excavation of the historical origin of the formation of the folk custom in eastern Zhejiang, it reveals the ultimate source of the ignorance of the countryside and the villagers in eastern Zhejiang and the depth of the closed consciousness. At the same time, the criticism of the closed and backward status of his hometown is unrelentless. At the same time, it also eulogizes the traditional custom of displaying the beautiful human nature. It is worth mentioning that his novel creation is the highlight of his creation in the excavation of human nature, ugliness and evil. The ugly human nature, such an ugly CHEN Si Qiao person's character, concentrated, extensive and profound portrayal of the typical character of the people at that time, is called "Chen Si Qiao character" in many research discussions. In addition, focusing on the description of the complex psychological state of the characters is also a major feature of Lu Yan's novel, which is to the local people's society. The description of the psychological and sexual psychology shows his great power of writing. At the same time, his novels always stick to the pulse of the development of the times. The works span from the warlords of the Republic of China, cross the Northern Expedition and until the war of resistance break out these great social changes. These events or the background of the life of the hero of the story are also the same. In order to promote the soil and catalyst as well as the organic component of the story development of the character of the novel, it is still clear that we can still clearly feel the strong era atmosphere of the master's office in the work today. In a word, Wang Luyan's detailed description of the folk customs of Eastern Zhejiang and the multiple psychological description of the villagers. And satire to achieve the purpose of critical realistic writing. His creation process is to tell us that the writers and artists should be close to life, into life, to reflect life, to reflect life, and to have a lasting vitality, which is the significance of the restudy of Lu Yan's creation today.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：牡丹江師范學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：I207.42
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the 20s of last century, the attachment and reflection of the country became a brand new trend in the Chinese literary world, and many writers put themselves into it. Under the guidance of Lu Xun, a great scholar of literature and art, some of the "marginalized" cultures who had experienced and remembered the country life experience and memory of the young people, with their new gaze, were at the same time. While reminiscence and introspection, a large number of local literary works have appeared and a number of talented young writers have been born, while Wang Luyan is the leader of this group of native writers. Wang Lu is a new generation of intellectuals with rebellious consciousness. After the "54" movement baptism, flowing in his blood is a positive improvement of the consciousness and saving factor of the society. He takes a clear-cut stand in his thought and pursuit as Lu Xun. He gives his novel creation to enlighten his hometown farmers' ignorance, closed and backward peasant consciousness, and awaken the consciousness of pursuing a new life, and then, he then awakens the consciousness of pursuing a new life, and then, he then awakens the consciousness of pursuing a new life, and then To break the old fences of the old peasants' old ideas, break away from the spiritual shackles of the enterprising feudal ideology, and then help the villagers to become the pioneer of the new countryside and new life. The closed, backward and backward folk customs and deep thinking, with his pen in the hands of the villagers ignorant, narrow, selfish, conservative character of the portrayal and disclosure, vividly show the original ecological life picture of the rural areas of eastern Zhejiang in 20s twentieth Century, and create a lifelike East Zhejiang peasant group. The portrait of the body has also left a rich legacy for the treasure house of Chinese literature. Therefore, it is still of great practical significance to study his creative process and style of creation today. Though, like other native writers of the same period, Wang Luyan has a common thought and mission to the rural areas of China, but he is describing the rural areas of eastern Zhejiang. In the novel creation of the eastern Zhejiang Province, the unique perspective, the deep observation and the keen sense of his novels have written out the unique regional customs and customs, which are different from the other villages and villagers in China. This makes his local novels unique in many local writers and forms his own unique style of local novels in eastern Zhejiang Province. The greatest feature of Ge Lu's works is the original ecological style of "white drawing" of the local customs in eastern Zhejiang. At the same time, through the deep excavation of the historical origin of the formation of the folk custom in eastern Zhejiang, it reveals the ultimate source of the ignorance of the countryside and the villagers in eastern Zhejiang and the depth of the closed consciousness. At the same time, the criticism of the closed and backward status of his hometown is unrelentless. At the same time, it also eulogizes the traditional custom of displaying the beautiful human nature. It is worth mentioning that his novel creation is the highlight of his creation in the excavation of human nature, ugliness and evil. The ugly human nature, such an ugly CHEN Si Qiao person's character, concentrated, extensive and profound portrayal of the typical character of the people at that time, is called "Chen Si Qiao character" in many research discussions. In addition, focusing on the description of the complex psychological state of the characters is also a major feature of Lu Yan's novel, which is to the local people's society. The description of the psychological and sexual psychology shows his great power of writing. At the same time, his novels always stick to the pulse of the development of the times. The works span from the warlords of the Republic of China, cross the Northern Expedition and until the war of resistance break out these great social changes. These events or the background of the life of the hero of the story are also the same. In order to promote the soil and catalyst as well as the organic component of the story development of the character of the novel, it is still clear that we can still clearly feel the strong era atmosphere of the master's office in the work today. In a word, Wang Luyan's detailed description of the folk customs of Eastern Zhejiang and the multiple psychological description of the villagers. And satire to achieve the purpose of critical realistic writing. His creation process is to tell us that the writers and artists should be close to life, into life, to reflect life, to reflect life, and to have a lasting vitality, which is the significance of the restudy of Lu Yan's creation today.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：牡丹江師范學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：I207.42
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 楊劍龍;;論魯迅的影響與王魯彥的鄉(xiāng)土小說創(chuàng)作[J];吉林師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(人文社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2014年03期
2 周春英;;論經(jīng)濟(jì)因素對(duì)王魯彥鄉(xiāng)土小說敘事的影響[J];中國(guó)現(xiàn)代文學(xué)研究叢刊;2013年06期
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