本文選題：縣學(xué)記 + 宋代　； 參考：《西南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：縣學(xué)記是一種記述地方官學(xué)建設(shè)的記事文章,大略記載了縣一級(jí)官學(xué)的興衰、創(chuàng)建,新學(xué)校的形制、教學(xué)互動(dòng)、祭孔尊儒和頌揚(yáng)為學(xué)有功之人等,這其中免不了涉及所在地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)、環(huán)境與民風(fēng)民俗。宋代統(tǒng)治者極力推行文治,這就必然需要國(guó)家培養(yǎng)大批有識(shí)之士,正是如此宋代迎來(lái)了官學(xué)教育的大興。伴隨著大規(guī)模的建設(shè)縣學(xué)行為,寫就縣學(xué)記的風(fēng)俗在兩宋盛極一時(shí),留世作品較多。宋代縣學(xué)記均為文才兼?zhèn)涞乃稳俗珜?在資料的性質(zhì)上原始可靠,是今人了解宋代縣學(xué)教育的一面鏡子。目前學(xué)術(shù)界對(duì)于其研究還未成體系,具有廣闊的研究空間�；诖�,筆者以宋代縣學(xué)記作為研究對(duì)象,全力拓展其中的史料價(jià)值與文學(xué)意義。本文主要分為六章。第一章是對(duì)于宋代縣學(xué)記的全面概述,分別從釋義、寫作特征、著錄與傳播三大方面來(lái)論述。作為一種特殊的土木營(yíng)造類記文,它延續(xù)唐末的命名方式,創(chuàng)作范圍也局限于地方的官方教育機(jī)構(gòu),為文夾敘夾議,具備一定的模式。著錄較廣,以刻石與書文兩大方式流傳至今。第二章是對(duì)宋代縣學(xué)記時(shí)空分布的探究。在橫向上,細(xì)致分析縣學(xué)記在全國(guó)二十三路的地域分布,在縱向上對(duì)比兩宋縣學(xué)記不同時(shí)期的分布,并找尋差異產(chǎn)生的主導(dǎo)因素;第三章就縣學(xué)記的作者群體進(jìn)行細(xì)致分類,他們或當(dāng)朝為官,或?yàn)槲膶W(xué)之士,皆為接受了良好教育的精英階層。不管是自己為記,還是應(yīng)邀作記,都在文中展現(xiàn)了自己淵博的學(xué)識(shí)。第四章與第五章是對(duì)宋代縣學(xué)記的史學(xué)價(jià)值與文學(xué)意義的探索。第四章是從史料學(xué)角度著手,再現(xiàn)宋代縣學(xué)的外部環(huán)境和內(nèi)部設(shè)施,以及其中的教學(xué)、課程、考試、學(xué)生人數(shù)等活動(dòng);第五章以縣學(xué)記的文學(xué)特征切入,著重關(guān)注其中的議論與用典兩種情況。第六章以不同時(shí)期的昆山縣學(xué)記為個(gè)例,來(lái)具體研究自唐至明時(shí)期的該地區(qū)的縣學(xué)興衰,更可以窺見(jiàn)不同時(shí)期的教育理念和記文風(fēng)格有著很大區(qū)別。唐時(shí)縣學(xué)秉承“學(xué)政”觀念,以啟蒙為主要教育目標(biāo),行文簡(jiǎn)單質(zhì)樸,有“古文”之氣;至而宋,學(xué)校以造就“純?nèi)逯俊睘樽非?文風(fēng)受到律賦影響,好為頌贊;而到了明朝,育才以科舉為準(zhǔn)繩,為文素樸,議論氣息較濃。本文有附錄三則,附錄一是收錄在《全宋文》之中的縣學(xué)記時(shí)間與地域分布;附錄二是對(duì)《全宋文》中未錄入的縣學(xué)記的補(bǔ)遺;附錄三是現(xiàn)存于昆山縣志之中的昆山縣學(xué)圖。
[Abstract]:The record of county studies is a chronicle of the construction of local officials' studies. It generally records the rise and fall of the county level official studies, the establishment of new schools, the form of new schools, the interaction of teaching, the sacrifice of Confucius to Confucianism and the praise of those who have been meritorious in learning, and so on. This inevitably involves the region's economy, environment and folk customs. The rulers of the Song Dynasty tried their best to carry out the rule of culture, which inevitably required the country to cultivate a large number of people of insight, so the Song Dynasty ushered in the great prosperity of official education. With the large-scale construction of county study behavior, the custom of writing about county study records was very popular in the Song Dynasty. The records of the county studies in Song Dynasty were written by the literate and talented people of the Song Dynasty. They are primitive and reliable in the nature of the materials, and they are a mirror for people to understand the county study education in the Song Dynasty. At present, the academic circles have not yet formed a system for its research, with a broad space for research. Based on this, the author takes the county study record of the Song Dynasty as the research object, develops the historical material value and the literature significance. This paper is divided into six chapters. The first chapter is a comprehensive overview of the Song Dynasty County Studies, respectively from the interpretation, writing characteristics, description and dissemination of three aspects to discuss. As a special kind of civil construction writing, it continues the naming method of the late Tang Dynasty, and the scope of creation is limited to the local official educational institutions. The description is relatively wide, and has been spread to this day in two ways: stone engraving and book writing. The second chapter is the study of the temporal and spatial distribution of county learning records in the Song Dynasty. Horizontally, it carefully analyzes the regional distribution of County Learning Records in 23 Road, compares the distribution of county learning records in different periods in the two Song dynasties, and looks for the leading factors of the differences. Chapter three classifies the author groups of county learning records in detail. They were either officials or literary figures, all well-educated elites. Whether it is for the record, or invited to write, in the text has demonstrated their profound knowledge. The fourth and fifth chapters explore the historical value and literary significance of the Xue Ji in Song Dynasty. The fourth chapter is from the perspective of historical materials to reproduce the external environment and internal facilities of county studies in the Song Dynasty, as well as the activities of teaching, curriculum, examination, number of students, etc. The fifth chapter is based on the literary characteristics of county studies. Focus on the discussion and use of the two situations. The sixth chapter takes Kunshan County Learning Records of different periods as an example to study the rise and fall of county studies in this area from Tang to Ming dynasties. It can be seen that there are great differences between educational ideas and writing styles in different periods. In the Tang Dynasty, the county study carried on the concept of "learning politics", taking the enlightenment as the main educational goal, the writing was simple and simple, and had the spirit of "ancient prose"; in Song Dynasty, the school pursued the pursuit of "pure Confucian scholars", and the style of writing was influenced by the law and was good for praise. In the Ming Dynasty, the imperial examination as the yardstick, for the simple, the atmosphere is thick. This paper has appendix three, appendix one is the time and regional distribution of county learning records included in the whole Song Dynasty, Appendix two is a supplement to the county study records not entered in the whole Song Dynasty, and appendix three is the Kunshan county science map existing in the history of Kunshan county.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：I206.2

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