本文選題：陸游 + 雨意象��； 參考：《湖南科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：雨意象是中國古典詩歌中出現(xiàn)時(shí)間最早、使用頻率最高、文化內(nèi)涵最豐富的經(jīng)典意象之一。翻開《詩經(jīng)》,我們就可以聽到時(shí)而輕柔、時(shí)而磅礴的雨聲。自此以降,古代詩詞中雨聲不絕于耳。可以說,雨積淀了作者與無數(shù)讀者豐富的情感,雨意象不斷傳承、創(chuàng)新,逐漸成為了詩人表達(dá)內(nèi)心情懷的載體。陸游是我國偉大的愛國詩人,一生長期生活于潮濕多雨的江南地區(qū),喜雨、怨雨、觀雨、寫雨,成了他日常生活中的家常便飯。據(jù)初步統(tǒng)計(jì),《劍南詩稿》中有雨詩150余首,詩中出現(xiàn)“雨”字的詩多達(dá)上千首。陸游對雨意象的大量創(chuàng)作有著豐富的歷史文化與文學(xué)生態(tài)環(huán)境:如南宋王朝風(fēng)雨飄搖,外族入侵、民不聊生,統(tǒng)治者偏安江南一隅,屈辱求和的國策成為主流思想;不論為官還是退居故里,他所處自然環(huán)境均是在潮濕多雨的南方;中國古代農(nóng)耕社會(huì)生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)受制于自然天氣;傳統(tǒng)詠雨詩詞的文學(xué)熏染等,均順理成章地使雨成為了他抒發(fā)情感的一個(gè)物象。陸游筆下的雨意象,形式多樣,既有清新雅致的小雨,又有雄渾磅礴的暴雨;其內(nèi)涵亦十分復(fù)雜,既有精彩的自然景色描寫,又蘊(yùn)含著深刻的象征意義:有時(shí)象征著憂國憂民的家國情懷,有時(shí)又隱喻自我復(fù)雜多樣的心緒。雨意象在他的詩中頻頻出現(xiàn),已不再是一個(gè)簡單的物象,而是飽含了他鐵骨錚錚的愛國憂民之情、歸隱思鄉(xiāng)的老莊思想以及時(shí)不待我的生命意識等思想文化內(nèi)涵。陸游筆下的雨意象并不是一個(gè)獨(dú)立存在的個(gè)體,而是與燈、酒、葉等其他意象組合成了意象群,并通過對這一系列意象的運(yùn)用,體現(xiàn)了幽深凄切的細(xì)微情感。另外,詩人還通過視覺、聽覺、觸覺等多種感知的交叉使用,建立了模型逼真的雨意象�？偟膩碚f,陸游詩歌的主導(dǎo)審美格調(diào)在早年時(shí)期主要表現(xiàn)為雄放恣肆,而到中晚期則漸趨平淡。因此,他筆下的雨意象如同水墨山水畫,著色淡雅,虛實(shí)相生,表現(xiàn)出清新雅致、空靈幽邃的風(fēng)格特征。
[Abstract]:Rain image is one of the earliest, most frequently used and rich cultural images in Chinese classical poetry. Open the Book of songs and we can hear the sound of the rain now and then. Ever since then, the rain in ancient poetry has been heard. It can be said that the rain accumulates the rich emotion of the author and countless readers, and the rain image is continuously inherited and innovated, and has gradually become the carrier of the poet's expression of his inner feelings. Lu you is a great patriotic poet in our country. He lived in the wet and rainy south of the Yangtze River for a long time. He likes rain, resents rain, watches rain and writes rain, which has become a routine in his daily life. According to preliminary statistics, there are more than 150 rain poems in the draft of Jiannan poetry, and thousands of poems have the word "rain" in the poems. Lu you has abundant historical, cultural and literary ecological environment for his creation of rain images: such as the stormy and stormy Southern Song Dynasty, the invasion of foreigners, the people living in misery, the rulers leaning toward a corner in the south of the Yangtze River, and the national policy of humiliating and seeking peace as the mainstream thought; Whether he was an official or a retired hometown, his natural environment was in the wet and rainy south; the production activities of the ancient Chinese farming society were subject to natural weather; the literary influence of the traditional poems on rain, and so on. Both of them made rain a natural thing for him to express his feelings. The images of rain in Lu you's works are varied in form, both fresh and elegant rain and powerful torrential rain. Their connotations are also very complicated, with wonderful descriptions of natural scenery. It also contains profound symbolism: sometimes it symbolizes the family feelings of the nation and the people, and sometimes it metaphors the complex and diverse feelings of self. The image of rain appears frequently in his poems, which is no longer a simple object image, but full of the ideological and cultural connotations of his love of patriotism and concern for the people, the homesickness of Laozhuang thought and the life consciousness of not waiting for me. The rain image in Lu you's works is not an independent individual, but a group of images combined with other images, such as lamp, wine, leaf, etc. In addition, the poet created realistic rain images through the cross-use of vision, hearing, touch and so on. In general, the dominant aesthetic style of Lu you's poetry in the early period was mainly unbridled, but in the middle and late period it was gradually bland. Therefore, the image of rain in his works is like a landscape painting of wash and ink, which is light and elegant in coloring, pure and solid, showing the characteristics of fresh and elegant, empty and secluded.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I207.22

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