本文選題：宋詞　切入點(diǎn)：“愁”　出處：《曲阜師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)隱喻研究認(rèn)為隱喻只是一種語言現(xiàn)象和修辭手段。而現(xiàn)代認(rèn)知語言學(xué)的研究證明隱喻本質(zhì)上是認(rèn)知的,是人類用來了解周圍世界的概念工具。近年來,隱喻研究的一大新特點(diǎn)是人們在現(xiàn)代隱喻理論的指導(dǎo)下,不斷地從民族語言素材中尋找能夠支持隱喻思維普遍性的事實(shí)依據(jù),不斷增進(jìn)人們對隱喻思維本質(zhì)的認(rèn)識。情感作為人類最普遍最重要的人生體驗之一。并且在某種程度上說,情感和認(rèn)知是相互影響、相互作用的,對人類情感的研究也構(gòu)成了探索人類認(rèn)知的重要方面。為了使抽象而復(fù)雜的情感形象地被感知,人們通常把它們隱喻化�！俺睢笔侵袊诺湓娫~中常見的情感表達(dá),它具有非常豐富的內(nèi)涵和表現(xiàn)。文人們常常用隱喻化的語言將抽象的概念表達(dá)出來。尤其是在宋詞中,隨處可見“愁”字和隱喻“愁”的詞句。為了探究“愁”這種情感概念,本文以認(rèn)知語言學(xué)的概念隱喻理論為指導(dǎo),在封閉的語料庫“中華詩詞2014”中,搜索全部含有“愁”字的宋詞詩句,并對其進(jìn)行概念化分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)目眾多的描寫“愁”的詩句實(shí)際上可以歸納為為數(shù)不多的隱喻概念,并詳細(xì)闡述了其中五類主要隱喻:實(shí)體隱喻,意象隱喻,擬人,通感隱喻和反轉(zhuǎn)隱喻。同時,宋詞中“愁”隱喻的內(nèi)涵,工作機(jī)制,語義結(jié)構(gòu)和語義特征也在本論文中得以闡釋。本研究得出如下四個基本結(jié)論:第一,在宋詞中,除了常用的實(shí)體隱喻之外,詞人還喜歡運(yùn)用意象隱喻、擬人以及通感隱喻和反轉(zhuǎn)隱喻來描述抽象情感概念“愁”。第二,盡管方位隱喻在當(dāng)代中國文學(xué)中被廣泛使用,但宋詞中描寫“愁”的詩詞中并沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)方位隱喻。第三,宋詞中的“愁”隱喻主要有三種語義結(jié)構(gòu),即喻體、本體和喻底同現(xiàn),本體和喻體同現(xiàn),本體和喻底同現(xiàn)。第四,宋詞中的“愁”隱喻具有系統(tǒng)性、局部性、矛盾性、多樣性和臨時性五種隱喻語義特征。本論文是用現(xiàn)代西方隱喻理論審視中國傳統(tǒng)文化的一次嘗試。宋詞的意義和價值不僅是審美的,也是歷史的,它忠實(shí)地展現(xiàn)了那個時代的社會文化。從認(rèn)知語言學(xué)的角度考察宋詞中描寫“愁”的詩句背后的隱喻概念和隱喻思維特點(diǎn),這對人們更好地理解和欣賞宋詞乃至傳統(tǒng)中國文學(xué)作品,無疑大有裨益。
[Abstract]:Traditional metaphor studies consider metaphor as a linguistic phenomenon and a rhetorical device.Modern cognitive linguistics has proved that metaphor is essentially cognitive and a conceptual tool used by humans to understand the world around them.In recent years, a new characteristic of metaphor research is that people, under the guidance of modern metaphor theory, constantly seek from the national language materials to support the universality of metaphorical thinking, and constantly enhance people's understanding of the essence of metaphorical thinking.Emotion is one of the most common and important human life experiences.To a certain extent, emotion and cognition affect and interact with each other, and the study of human emotion also constitutes an important aspect of exploring human cognition.In order to visualize abstract and complex emotions, they are usually metaphorized.Worry is a common expression of emotion in Chinese classical poetry, which has rich connotation and expression.Literati often express abstract concepts in metaphorical language.Especially in Song ci, the word "sorrow" and the metaphor of "sorrow" can be found everywhere.In order to explore the emotional concept of "sorrow", this paper, guided by the conceptual metaphor theory of cognitive linguistics, searches and conceptualizes all the poems of Song Dynasty which contain the word "sorrow" in the closed corpus "Chinese Poetry 2014".It is found that a large number of poems describing "sorrow" can actually be summed up into a few metaphorical concepts, and five main metaphors are elaborated in detail: substantive metaphor, imagery metaphor, personification, synaesthesia metaphor and reverse metaphor.At the same time, the connotation, working mechanism, semantic structure and semantic features of "worry" metaphor in Song ci are also explained in this paper.The main conclusions of this study are as follows: first, in Song ci, in addition to the commonly used substantive metaphors, ci writers also like to use imagery metaphor, personification, synaesthesia metaphor and reverse metaphor to describe the abstract emotional concept "sorrow".Secondly, although locative metaphor is widely used in contemporary Chinese literature, no locative metaphor has been found in the poems describing "sorrow" in Song ci.Thirdly, the metaphor of "sorrow" in Song ci mainly has three kinds of semantic structure, namely, the metaphor, the Noumenon and the metonymy, the Noumenon and the metonymy, and the Noumenon and the metaphorical background.Fourthly, the metaphor of "sorrow" in Song ci has five semantic features: systematic, local, contradictory, diverse and temporary.This thesis is an attempt to examine Chinese traditional culture with modern western metaphor theory.The meaning and value of Song ci is not only aesthetic, but also historical.From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, it is of great benefit for people to better understand and appreciate Song ci and even traditional Chinese literary works by examining the metaphorical concepts and metaphorical thinking characteristics behind the poems describing "sorrow" in Song ci poems.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I207.23

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