本文關(guān)鍵詞： 錢谷融 十七年 文學(xué)是人學(xué) 人道主義 散淡人生　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：高壽的錢谷融先生,歷經(jīng)歲月滄桑與無(wú)盡坎坷,依然秉持一種獨(dú)特的風(fēng)姿與情懷,悠然徜徉于寥廓寧?kù)o的生命之湖,舉手投足間盡顯“散淡人生”。錢谷融在中國(guó)當(dāng)代文學(xué)和文藝?yán)碚摰阮I(lǐng)域均有卓越奉獻(xiàn),其《論“文學(xué)是人學(xué)”》、《雷雨人物談》等篇章已成為學(xué)術(shù)史上的不朽經(jīng)典。錢谷融的生命歷程大致可分作三段：建國(guó)前的早年生活；十七年(1949—1966)時(shí)期生活；新時(shí)期的晚年生活。三段里,承上啟下的十七年應(yīng)為錢谷融生命歷程中最重要一環(huán),既承續(xù)了早年的心靈密碼,又波及晚年的為人處世。若欲深刻理解錢谷融,須充分重視十七年時(shí)期。職是之故,論文將主要聚焦于錢谷融的十七年生活,旨在探尋其人道主義文學(xué)思想的生成與發(fā)展。論文試圖以錢谷融文藝思想生成發(fā)展之脈絡(luò)為序,以參與的重要論爭(zhēng)和文藝思想發(fā)生演變的關(guān)節(jié)點(diǎn)為視窗,揭示他的人道主義文學(xué)思想的生成與理論貢獻(xiàn)。本論文共由六章構(gòu)成：第一章主要論述1949年前錢谷融的文學(xué)活動(dòng)。首先論述了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化對(duì)錢谷融的影響,然后分析了錢谷融受到的西方文化影響,最后具體論述了錢谷融的唯美主義文學(xué)思想,并分析了其產(chǎn)生的原因。第二章主要論述錢谷融在1949年——1956年的文學(xué)活動(dòng)。到了1950年代,在新的時(shí)代語(yǔ)境中,錢谷融經(jīng)過革大的政治學(xué)習(xí)和翻譯蘇聯(lián)文論,其“人學(xué)”思想逐步成熟,寫出了具有獨(dú)特性風(fēng)格的兩篇文學(xué)批評(píng)《人物分析——以(林家鋪?zhàn)訛槔泛汀丁安荒茏吣菞l路”》,為《論“文學(xué)是人學(xué)”》宏文的出現(xiàn)進(jìn)行了有益的探索。第三章主要分析錢谷融的“文學(xué)是人學(xué)”理論。錢谷融的《論“文學(xué)是人學(xué)”》的發(fā)表經(jīng)歷了較為曲折的道路�！拔膶W(xué)是人學(xué)”理論有豐富的審美內(nèi)涵,在當(dāng)時(shí)的語(yǔ)境中取得了重大的突破,比如反對(duì)工具論,維護(hù)具體的人性人情等等。但由于其觀點(diǎn)的不合時(shí)宜,遭到了大規(guī)模的政治批判,錢谷融在巨大的社會(huì)壓力之下,努力堅(jiān)持自我的學(xué)術(shù)觀點(diǎn)�！拔膶W(xué)是人學(xué)”理論不僅在當(dāng)時(shí)具有超越意義,而且在當(dāng)下以及未來(lái)都有長(zhǎng)久的生命力。第四章主要論述錢谷融的《雷雨)人物談》�！独子耆宋镎劇返漠a(chǎn)生有著復(fù)雜的原因,充滿了坎坷的命運(yùn)�！独子耆宋镎劇返某霈F(xiàn)卻與“文學(xué)是人學(xué)”一樣,受到了不公正的待遇,遭遇無(wú)情的猛烈批判。雖然如此,這批文學(xué)批評(píng)卻對(duì)構(gòu)建中國(guó)文藝學(xué)有著巨大的啟示意義,其本身也成為了中國(guó)文學(xué)理論歷史上的一篇經(jīng)典之作。此文當(dāng)時(shí)文壇獨(dú)步,影響至深,其獨(dú)特的評(píng)析方法亦曾沾溉無(wú)數(shù)后學(xué)。第五章主要分析錢谷融的《不可無(wú)“我”》這篇文章。筆者以為此文接續(xù)了中國(guó)文論的關(guān)于“我”與文學(xué)之關(guān)系探討的理論。從錢谷融的文藝思想體系來(lái)看,“不可無(wú)‘我’”與“文學(xué)是人學(xué)”理論有著內(nèi)在的相通之處,但與此同時(shí)又深化和拓展了“人學(xué)”理論�！安豢蔁o(wú)‘我’”有豐富的審美內(nèi)涵,不僅在當(dāng)時(shí)超越了以階級(jí)分析法為主的文學(xué)理念,而且也開啟了新時(shí)期80年代的關(guān)于文學(xué)主體性的大討論,在當(dāng)下也有抵制工具論的作用,為人的悲劇處境開辟一條理想道路。第六章分析闡述錢谷融的“十七年”文學(xué)思想在新時(shí)期文學(xué)中的延伸與拓展。錢谷融的“文學(xué)是人學(xué)”理論命題,在新時(shí)期80年代初的人道主義大討論中得以重新發(fā)現(xiàn)與確立。之后,“文學(xué)是人學(xué)”理論命題經(jīng)過文藝界對(duì)文學(xué)主體性與人文精神大討論之后獲得了學(xué)界的廣泛共識(shí),并成為新時(shí)期文學(xué)觀念革新的所借助的重要理論話語(yǔ)資源之一�！拔膶W(xué)是人學(xué)”理論命題有著嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)倪壿嬒到y(tǒng)和深刻的內(nèi)涵,所以在新時(shí)期被無(wú)數(shù)的學(xué)者所提及與研究,從而延續(xù)與拓展了“文學(xué)是人學(xué)”理論命題的學(xué)術(shù)生命力。其中,“文學(xué)是人學(xué)”理論命題的重要拓展是學(xué)者討論其文藝生態(tài)學(xué)價(jià)值和“文學(xué)是情學(xué)”理論命題的提出。
[Abstract]:In the Qian Gurong, after years of vicissitudes and endless frustrations, still uphold the grace and feelings of a unique, leisurely stroll in the boundless quiet life of the lake, behavior show "light of life". In Chinese Qian Gurong s remarkable dedication of contemporary literature and literary theory and other fields, the "on" Literature is humanism "> >, < thunderstorm on characters and other chapters have become immortal classic academic history. Life history of Qian Gurong s can be divided into three sections: before the founding of the early life; seventeen years (1949 - 1966) during the period of life; in the new period of life. The three period of seventeen years for connecting zenitani melting the most important part of life, not only inherits the early and later spread mind password, Weirenchushi. For a deeper understanding of Qian Gurong, we must pay full attention to the seventeen years period. Therefore, this paper will mainly focus on Qian Gurong s seventeen In life, in order to explore the formation and development of the humanitarian ideas of literature. This paper tries to make the development of Qian Gurong s literary thought venation order, with important debates and literary thoughts in the joint evolution of the window, revealing his humanism literature thought formation and theoretical contribution of this paper consists of six chapters. Composition: the first chapter mainly discusses 1949 Qian Gurong s literary activities. First discusses the Chinese traditional culture influence on Qian Gurong s analysis, then the influence of western culture by Qian Gurong s, finally discusses Qian Gurong s aestheticism literature thought, and analyzes its causes. The second chapter mainly discusses the economic and financial 1949 - 1956 literature activities. By 1950s, in the context of the new era, after the Ottawa Qian Gurong s political study and translation of Soviet literary theories, the "human" thought gradually Well, write two articles of literary criticism has a unique style of "character analysis -- a case of the store (> and <" can't go down that road "> as" on "literature is human > macro text appears a useful exploration. The third chapter mainly analyzes Qian Gurong s" literature is the study of man "theory. The theory of" Qian Gurong s "literature is human" published more experienced a tortuous road. "Literature is the study of man" theory has rich aesthetic connotation, in the context of significant breakthroughs, such as the tool against the specific maintenance theory, human nature and so on. But from its point of view from massive be inopportune or inappropriate, political criticism, Qian Gurong s under the great social pressure, to adhere to the self academic point of view. "Literature is human theory at that time not only has significance beyond, and in the moment and in the future will have a long life. The four chapter mainly discusses Qian Gurong s < thunderstorm) on characters of >.< thunderstorm > have on characters of complex reasons, there is full of fate. "But with the thunderstorm on characters of" literature is human, injustice, encountered fierce criticism. Although such ruthless. This group of literary criticism is to construct Chinese literature is of great significance, which itself has become a China literary theory in the history of a classic. The literary world at that time alone, deep impact, its unique analysis method has also been countless followers. Upon the analysis of Qian Gurong s < no "I" > this article to the fifth chapter. The author thinks that the continued China literary theory about "I" to explore the relationship between literature and theory. From Qian Gurong s literary ideology, "not" I "" and "literature is the study of man" theory has inherent The similarities, but at the same time to deepen and expand the "Humanistic" theory. "Not" I "" has rich aesthetic connotation, not only at the time to go beyond the class analysis of literary theory, but also ushered in a new period of 80s on the subjectivity of literature's discussion, also have to resist on the role of tools in the moment, open up a road for the ideal human tragedy situation. The sixth chapter analyzes the extension and expansion of Qian Gurong s "seventeen years" literature in the new period literature. Qian Gurong s "literature is human theory proposition, to found and established in the new humanism discussion during the early 80s. After that," literature is the "theory of literary and art circles of literary proposition by subjectivity and Discussion on humanistic spirit has been the consensus of the academic and literary ideas, become the reform in the new period One of the most important theoretical resources. "Literature is human theory propositions have a rigorous logic system and profound connotation, so in the new era has been mentioned numerous scholars and research, in order to continue and expand the" literature is human theory academic vitality. Among them, the "literature is an important development of human science" the theoretical proposition is scholars discuss its literary ecology value and literature is the learning situation of "put forward the theoretical proposition.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：I206.7
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本文編號(hào)：1501178