中國(guó)外匯沖銷的實(shí)踐及效果分析
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening-up, China's opening to the outside world has been increasing, and the current account of the balance of payments and the capital and financial accounts have maintained a double surplus. In general, the balance of payments surplus, the local currency will appreciate, and the balance of payments will automatically adjust the exchange rate. However, in order to maintain the stability of the Chinese currency against the US dollar, the central bank has to buy a large amount of the U.S. dollar and throw the renminbi in a surplus to ease the pressure on the yuan's appreciation. The RMB (that is, the foreign exchange account), which is used for the forced purchase of foreign exchange, is the most important way of the current money release in our country, and it has led to the internal expansion of our country's currency stock, which has led to the surplus of domestic currency liquidity. In order to ensure the stability of domestic currency supply, the central bank is forced to carry out foreign exchange write-off operation in the domestic market, so as to keep the domestic economy steady. In this paper, the paper analyzes the foreign exchange reversal in our country The author makes use of the macro-economic data of China in 1994-2010, and according to the time order, the paper divides the practice history of foreign exchange in China from 1994 to present, and analyses, sums up the main foreign exchange reverse way, scale and characteristics of each stage. The result shows that the foreign exchange write-off operation has the following advantages: the foreign exchange reverse operation is becoming more and more frequent; the foreign exchange write-off operation is becoming more and more frequent; the foreign exchange write-off operation tool is gradually diversified; and the foreign exchange reverse operation has the passivity and so on. Features: At the same time, the paper has carried on the effect analysis of the two foreign exchange reverse tools of the central bank note and the deposit reserve policy (including: the validity check, in that proces of the analysis of the effect of the central bank note, on the one hand, the method of econometrics such as the VAR model, the cointegral test, the Granger causality test, the error correction model and the impulse response analysis is used to reverse the central bank note The results show that the central bank's bill balance is in negative relationship with the base currency and is in a positive association with the interest rate, and the central bank's central bank note of 1 unit will be reduced by 4. On the other hand, the paper analyzes the instrument of the central bank's bill from the cost angle, which is mainly manifested in the interest cost of issuing the central bank note, the return of the investment in the U. S. national debt and the foreign exchange capital generated by the exchange rate fluctuation. In the three aspects of profit and loss, the result found that the central bank used the central bank note in 2003 to 2010 to reverse the production The cost of the deposit reserve policy is relatively large. In the process of the effect analysis of the deposit reserve policy, on the one hand, the effectiveness of the deposit reserve policy is checked by using the econometrics model, and the result shows that the implementation of the reserve policy will affect the loan rules of the commercial bank. The contraction of the model has a certain effect, but due to the different types of bank assets and liabilities, the reserve policy The effect of the reserve policy on the loan scale of the state-owned commercial banks is the least, and the degree of influence on the loan scale of the joint-stock commercial banks is the largest and the commercial commercial banks have the largest influence on the scale of the loans of the state-owned commercial banks. The effect of the bank is between the two. If the influence of the state-owned commercial bank is the base, the influence of the joint-stock commercial bank and the city commercial bank is the state-owned commercial bank 3.12 times and 1.75 times. On the other hand, the paper analyzes the deposit reserve policy from the cost angle, which is mainly manifested in the interest of the deposit reserve which the central bank needs to pay to the commercial bank. This is the opportunity cost of the commercial bank, and the result shows that the central bank uses the deposit reserve policy to carry out foreign exchange In the end, the author puts forward the corresponding policy suggestions in combination with the experience of Taiwan, Japan and Thailand in the areas of Taiwan, Japan and Thailand: to reduce the foreign exchange intervention, to gradually loosen the fluctuation range of the exchange rate, and to reform the current settlement Exchange system; continue to strengthen capital control; further improve open market operation; continue to adjust
【學(xué)位授予單位】:中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類號(hào)】:F832.52
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