發(fā)布時間：2018-08-08 12:00

【摘要】：近幾年來，不斷惡化的氣候環(huán)境和日益嚴重的自然災害頻繁發(fā)生給人類經(jīng)濟社會的發(fā)展帶來了巨大挑戰(zhàn)。氣候問題不再僅僅局限于環(huán)境層面，而成為影響全球經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的重大風險因素，影響著人類的生存、社會財富的創(chuàng)造以及經(jīng)濟運行等各個方面。作為應對全球變暖、改善氣候環(huán)境切入點的低碳經(jīng)濟，以其更加突出的低排放量、低能源消耗和高使用效率的特點，得到了世界各國的青睞，而作為其核心環(huán)節(jié)的碳金融，更是成為各方競相發(fā)展的重點，碳金融市場方興未艾。 為了走出08年以來的全球金融危機的陰影，積極探尋世界經(jīng)濟新的增長點，以期謀求未來經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的新高度，各國政府都把發(fā)展以碳金融為核心的低碳經(jīng)濟作為一項重要發(fā)展規(guī)劃。英國、美國憑借其先進的環(huán)保理念、雄厚的資金和先進的節(jié)能環(huán)保技術，先行一步，大力支持碳金融的發(fā)展，已經(jīng)基于碳減排權形成了碳交易貨幣、直接投融資、銀行貸款、碳期權期貨等一系列金融衍生品為支撐的碳金融體系，走在了碳金融發(fā)展的前列。我國作為一個發(fā)展中的大國，，同時也是能源消耗大國和二氧化碳排放大國，面臨著經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和環(huán)境保護的雙重任務。如何順應時代發(fā)展趨勢，抓住低碳經(jīng)濟新機遇，通過促進我國碳金融的不斷發(fā)展，實現(xiàn)我國經(jīng)濟社會的可持續(xù)發(fā)展有著極其重要的意義。當然，這些也是本文要闡述說明的中心問題。 在全球日益關注全球變暖的外力和本國自然環(huán)境保護的內力的雙重壓力下，自《京都議定書》2005年開始生效以來，全球碳金融市場呈現(xiàn)出高速增長的態(tài)勢，低碳經(jīng)濟在全球持續(xù)升溫，為了謀求在全球碳金融市場中的定價權和參與表決權，以獲得更多的利益為出發(fā)點，不同國家、政黨之間展開了一場圍繞碳金融的競爭與博弈。因此，研究碳金融產(chǎn)生的時代背景和發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，分析圍繞碳金融發(fā)展中的各利益集團之間的博弈，探討我國在發(fā)展碳金融過程中遇到的各種問題和困境，提出符合我國特殊國情的碳金融發(fā)展之路具有重要的理論和現(xiàn)實意義。 本文首先對碳金融產(chǎn)生的時代背景和發(fā)展歷程進行了總結，了解了碳金融的國際、國內發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀。然后從三個層面對碳金融發(fā)展過程中各方的利益博弈進行了分析，明確了我國在發(fā)展碳金融過程中應該遵循的基本原則和立場。最后，詳細分析了我國在碳金融發(fā)展中的不足之處，并就此給出了促進我國碳金融市場發(fā)展的對策建議。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the worsening climate environment and increasingly serious natural disasters have brought great challenges to the economic and social development of human beings. The climate problem is no longer confined to the environment, but has become a major risk factor affecting the development of the global economy. It affects the survival of human beings, the creation of social wealth and the operation of the economy. The low-carbon economy, which is the starting point to deal with global warming and improve the climate environment, has been favored by countries all over the world because of its more prominent characteristics of low emissions, low energy consumption and high efficiency. More and more become the focus of competing development, carbon financial markets are in the ascendant. In order to step out of the shadow of the global financial crisis since 2008 and actively explore new growth points in the world economy, in order to seek a new height of economic development in the future, Governments all over the world regard the development of low-carbon economy with carbon finance as an important development plan. The United Kingdom and the United States, relying on their advanced environmental protection concepts, abundant funds and advanced energy-saving and environmental protection technologies, have taken the lead and vigorously supported the development of carbon finance. They have already formed carbon trading currencies, direct investment and financing, and bank loans based on the right to reduce carbon emissions. Carbon options futures and a series of financial derivatives for the support of the carbon financial system, the development of carbon finance in the forefront. As a developing country, China is also a big energy consuming country and a large carbon dioxide emitter, which faces the dual tasks of economic development and environmental protection. How to adapt to the development trend of the times, seize the new opportunity of low-carbon economy, promote the continuous development of carbon finance in our country, and realize the sustainable development of our country's economy and society is of great significance. Of course, these are also the central issues to be explained in this paper. Under the double pressure of the increasing global concern about the external forces of global warming and the internal forces of the protection of the natural environment of our country, since the entry into force of the Kyoto Protocol in 2005, the global carbon financial market has shown a trend of rapid growth. Low-carbon economy continues to heat up in the world. In order to seek pricing power and participate in voting rights in the global carbon financial market and get more benefits as the starting point, different countries and political parties have launched a competition and game around carbon finance. Therefore, this paper studies the background and current situation of carbon finance, analyzes the game between various interest groups in the development of carbon finance, and probes into the problems and difficulties encountered in the development of carbon finance in China. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to put forward the road to the development of carbon finance in accordance with the special national conditions of our country. In this paper, the background and development of carbon finance are summarized, and the international and domestic development of carbon finance is discussed. Then it analyzes the benefit game of all parties in the development of carbon finance from three aspects, and clarifies the basic principles and stand that our country should follow in the process of developing carbon finance. Finally, the paper analyzes the shortcomings of carbon finance in China, and gives some suggestions to promote the development of carbon finance market in China.
【學位授予單位】：河南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F224.32;F832.5;F203

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本文編號：2171726