發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-09 03:10

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：利率市場(chǎng)化條件下成都NC商業(yè)銀行發(fā)展策略研究　出處：《西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 利率市場(chǎng)化 商業(yè)銀行 發(fā)展策略 SWOT分析 五力分析

【摘要】：利率,作為資金的價(jià)格,是金融體系市場(chǎng)化運(yùn)行的基礎(chǔ),是金融市場(chǎng)實(shí)現(xiàn)資源的高效優(yōu)化配置、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的重新合理分配等重大功能的“無形之手”。多年來,我國(guó)在其他領(lǐng)域的市場(chǎng)化改革早已深入鋪開,按市場(chǎng)化的價(jià)格之手來調(diào)配資源、傳遞供需信號(hào)已成為主流,唯獨(dú)在金融領(lǐng)域,市場(chǎng)化改革嚴(yán)重滯后,資金的價(jià)格長(zhǎng)期處于政府的管制狀態(tài)。隨著我國(guó)各方面改革向深層次推進(jìn),政府對(duì)資金價(jià)格管制的弊端越發(fā)凸顯,一方面表現(xiàn)為以商業(yè)銀行為代表的金融機(jī)構(gòu),即使不用創(chuàng)新、不用抓管理、不用提升服務(wù)水平,也會(huì)在巨大的存貸差中賺取暴利,過著紅火的日子,使其逐漸喪失了提升競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力、苦練內(nèi)功的源動(dòng)力,表現(xiàn)出管理水平停滯不前、業(yè)務(wù)創(chuàng)新乏善可陳、機(jī)構(gòu)臃腫、成本高企、服務(wù)意識(shí)差等種種弊端；另一方面,表現(xiàn)為整個(gè)社會(huì)的資源利用效率低下,誤配、錯(cuò)配資源現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重,金融助推實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)的功能、晴雨表功能、價(jià)格信號(hào)功能不僅沒能有效實(shí)現(xiàn),而且反過來成為其他領(lǐng)域深化改革的阻擾和絆腳石。 在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的今天,我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的繼續(xù)改革呼喚著金融體制改革的不斷深化,利率市場(chǎng)化改革不可避免地進(jìn)入快速通道。以市場(chǎng)競(jìng)價(jià)的方式來確定利率水準(zhǔn),能充分反映供需各方的利益訴求,有效地指導(dǎo)資源流向,從根本上提升整個(gè)社會(huì)的資源配置效率,同時(shí)為我國(guó)金融機(jī)構(gòu)的做大做強(qiáng)提供基本動(dòng)力。通過對(duì)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家實(shí)行市場(chǎng)利率的成功案例分析可知,在公平性競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中確立的利率,能滿足資源有效配置,實(shí)現(xiàn)多方共贏的福利最大化,持續(xù)為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展提供源動(dòng)力。 在金融體制改革不斷深化的過程中,利率市場(chǎng)化正以越來越快的速度向前推進(jìn),這就勢(shì)必給國(guó)內(nèi)以信貸差為主要收入來源的傳統(tǒng)商業(yè)銀行帶來極大的挑戰(zhàn),眾多商業(yè)銀行享受了多年的“鐵飯碗”即將被打破,紛紛把目光投向了內(nèi)部的各項(xiàng)改革,抓管理、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、促創(chuàng)新,以應(yīng)對(duì)潛在的種種危機(jī)；同時(shí),各大商業(yè)銀行普遍意識(shí)到,自身對(duì)利率的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)定價(jià)水平較為低下,在利率市場(chǎng)化的條件下要想在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中保持優(yōu)勢(shì),這方面的能力與技術(shù)瓶頸也是亟待解決的迫切問題。 從長(zhǎng)期來看,利率市場(chǎng)化改革將重塑中國(guó)的銀行業(yè)格局,而在銀行業(yè)中相對(duì)弱勢(shì)的農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行將會(huì)面臨更大的挑戰(zhàn)。隨著我國(guó)金融體制的完善及市場(chǎng)化程度的提高,農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行正成為中國(guó)金融參與者中不可小覷的力量。而就農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行自身?xiàng)l件而言,相較于國(guó)有商業(yè)銀行、城市商業(yè)銀行、股份制銀行和外資銀行,無論在基礎(chǔ)條件還是管理水平等方面,都存在一定的差距,農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行在應(yīng)對(duì)市場(chǎng)沖擊和機(jī)遇把握的能力上,還有明顯不足�；诖�,筆者將根據(jù)自身多年實(shí)際管理工作經(jīng)驗(yàn),探討利率市場(chǎng)化條件下類似NC銀行的我國(guó)農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行將面對(duì)的種種深刻變化,以及需要采取的應(yīng)對(duì)措施,這對(duì)我國(guó)農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行迎接即將到來的巨大挑戰(zhàn),進(jìn)而把握歷史性的機(jī)遇,盡快找準(zhǔn)定位、找準(zhǔn)方向,做大做強(qiáng),有著重要的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文共分為四個(gè)部分： 第一章主要闡述了本文的研究背景、研究意義、論文框架及主要?jiǎng)?chuàng)新點(diǎn)與不足； 第二章進(jìn)行文獻(xiàn)綜述并回顧我國(guó)利率市場(chǎng)化的進(jìn)程； 第三章具體分析成都NC商業(yè)銀行的生存環(huán)境、發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀以及利率市場(chǎng)化為其帶來的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)； 第四章主要結(jié)合利率市場(chǎng)化帶來的新形勢(shì),利用五力模型和SWOT模型分析成都NC商業(yè)銀行的行業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)地位,以及自身的優(yōu)勢(shì)、劣勢(shì)、面對(duì)的機(jī)遇與威脅,構(gòu)建成都NC商業(yè)銀行的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)戰(zhàn)略并根據(jù)筆者設(shè)計(jì)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)戰(zhàn)略提出成都NC商業(yè)銀行應(yīng)對(duì)利率市場(chǎng)化的各項(xiàng)子戰(zhàn)略,形成具有操作性的策略與措施,使成都NC商業(yè)銀行能夠在即將來臨的利率市場(chǎng)化中,未雨綢繆,頭腦清醒,做好前瞻性的安排與準(zhǔn)備,從而更有效地抵御沖擊、抓住機(jī)遇、做大做強(qiáng)。 通過本文的研究筆者認(rèn)為,當(dāng)前成都NC商業(yè)銀行存在著市場(chǎng)份額偏低、業(yè)務(wù)種類單一、利息收入依賴度高、利率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理水平低等問題。利率市場(chǎng)化改革將對(duì)成都NC商業(yè)銀行的經(jīng)營(yíng)成本、盈利模式、業(yè)務(wù)結(jié)構(gòu)、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理及定價(jià)策略等各方面帶來機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)。本文認(rèn)為,現(xiàn)階段成都NC商業(yè)銀行應(yīng)該通過積極創(chuàng)新金融產(chǎn)品和服務(wù),瞄準(zhǔn)細(xì)分市場(chǎng),做專業(yè)化的金融服務(wù)提供商,拓展中間業(yè)務(wù),開展多元化業(yè)務(wù),實(shí)現(xiàn)業(yè)務(wù)種類轉(zhuǎn)型,促使銀行向混業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)方向轉(zhuǎn)變,并且利用好AB保險(xiǎn)進(jìn)入的時(shí)機(jī),建立其銀保合作的平臺(tái)；同時(shí)大力發(fā)展小微企業(yè)相關(guān)業(yè)務(wù)、積極開發(fā)農(nóng)村金融市場(chǎng)、提升整體服務(wù)水平,增強(qiáng)創(chuàng)新能力、提升市場(chǎng)響應(yīng)速度、提供定制化金融解決方案,調(diào)整優(yōu)質(zhì)企業(yè)客戶衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn),在非主流的金融領(lǐng)域中形成自身的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)；建立適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)定價(jià)體系,并強(qiáng)化風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理,完善利率定價(jià)體系,建立科學(xué)的分級(jí)授權(quán)體制和嚴(yán)格完善的監(jiān)管制度。 在研究方法上,筆者采用了規(guī)范分析與實(shí)證研究相結(jié)合、定性與定量相補(bǔ)充的方法,在理論分析的同時(shí),采用數(shù)據(jù)量化對(duì)比分析。筆者結(jié)合了眾多國(guó)內(nèi)外研究成果與我國(guó)利率市場(chǎng)化的具體情況,定性分析了利率市場(chǎng)化將給成都NC商業(yè)銀行帶來的影響,定量分析了成都NC商業(yè)銀行的生存環(huán)境和發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀。此外,本文在對(duì)各國(guó)對(duì)利率市場(chǎng)化對(duì)商業(yè)銀行產(chǎn)生影響及采取的相應(yīng)對(duì)策進(jìn)行理論分析的同時(shí)采用實(shí)證分析,通過相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)成都NC商業(yè)銀行進(jìn)行SWOT分析和五力分析,進(jìn)而形成成都NC商業(yè)銀行的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)策略。本文所提供的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)來源于中國(guó)銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理委員會(huì)年報(bào)、中國(guó)人民銀行官方網(wǎng)站、中國(guó)統(tǒng)計(jì)局?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)庫,以及成都NC商業(yè)銀行武侯支行。 本文在針對(duì)市場(chǎng)環(huán)境,提出的成都NC商業(yè)銀行改革措施方面有一定的創(chuàng)新性。成都NC商業(yè)銀行應(yīng)該重構(gòu)優(yōu)質(zhì)客戶的界定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和準(zhǔn)入門檻,不僅重視大型企業(yè)客戶,更應(yīng)重視中小型企業(yè)客戶,充分發(fā)揮自身決策高效、經(jīng)營(yíng)靈活、服務(wù)取勝的優(yōu)勢(shì)；通過銀行集團(tuán)金融的資源搭配及適當(dāng)整合,實(shí)現(xiàn)協(xié)同效應(yīng)和規(guī)模優(yōu)勢(shì)；在產(chǎn)品研發(fā)和數(shù)據(jù)庫建設(shè)中,有專門的團(tuán)隊(duì)針對(duì)中小企業(yè)客戶群的需求,形成獨(dú)特的服務(wù)能力和產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新能力。這些結(jié)論對(duì)NC商業(yè)銀行及其他類似的農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行有著一定的指導(dǎo)和借鑒意義。 由于國(guó)內(nèi)相關(guān)問題可借鑒和參考的文獻(xiàn)并不多,筆者所收集到的商業(yè)銀行數(shù)據(jù)也不太完整,加上本人知識(shí)能力和時(shí)間有限,文章仍然存在很多缺陷。本人將在下一步的研究中,盡可能取得成都NC商業(yè)銀行總行的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),在實(shí)證部分能更充分的揭示問題；對(duì)成都NC商業(yè)銀行SWOT分析和五力分析得出的各種戰(zhàn)略進(jìn)行更加深入的后續(xù)追蹤分析,優(yōu)化本文的研究結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:Interest rate, as the price of capital, is the basis of market-based financial system is efficient operation, optimize the allocation of financial resources to achieve the market risk, the re allocation of major function of the "invisible hand". Over the years, our country in other areas of the market reform has further spread, according to the market price of the hand to allocate resources, transfer of supply and demand signal has become mainstream, but in the field of financial market reform is seriously lagging behind, the price of capital in the long-term government control. Along with our country reform in all aspects to promote deep-seated drawbacks of the capital, the government price control become more and more important, the one hand the performance of financial institutions to commercial banks the representative, if not innovation, do not grasp the management, not to enhance the level of service, will also earn profits in the huge bad loan, a prosperous days, which gradually lost competitiveness, training The source strength, shows the management level of business innovation is stagnant, lackluster, bloated, high cost, poor sense of service and other drawbacks; on the other hand, the performance of the entire society's inefficient use of resources, mismatch, the mismatch of resources is serious, the financial boost real economy barometer function, function, price signal the function not only can effectively realize, and in turn to deepen the reform of other fields and obstruct the stumbling block.
In the economic globalization, China's economic system reform to continue calling for the deepening of financial reform, interest rate marketization reform will inevitably enter the fast passage. To determine the interest rate in market bidding, can fully reflect the interests of all parties of supply and demand, effectively guide the flow of resources, enhance the efficiency of resource allocation of the whole society fundamentally, at the same time provide strong basic power for China's financial institutions do. Through the successful case implementation of market interest rates in developed countries shows that established in the fair competition in the interest rate, to meet the effective allocation of resources, to achieve win-win benefits maximization, continue to provide the source of power for economic development.
In the process of deepening the reform of the financial system, the interest rate market is moving at a faster pace forward, this will inevitably bring great challenges to the domestic credit to the poor as the main source of income of traditional commercial banks, commercial banks enjoy many years of "a secure job" is about to be broken, have set their sights on the the reform of internal management, adjusting structure, promoting innovation, in order to cope with potential crises; at the same time, the major commercial banks generally aware of itself, the interest rate risk pricing in a relatively low level, the interest rate market to maintain the advantage in the competition, the urgent problem ability and the technical bottleneck of this the waiting to be solved.
In the long term, the interest rate marketization reform will reshape the Chinese banking landscape, but relatively weak in the banking industry in the rural commercial banks will face greater challenges. And with the improvement of the degree of marketization of China's financial system of rural commercial bank is becoming China financial participants and a force not to be underestimated. The rural commercial bank's own conditions, compared with the state-owned commercial banks, city commercial banks, joint-stock banks and foreign banks, whether in basic conditions or management level, there is a certain gap, ability and opportunity for rural commercial banks in response to the impact on the grasp of the market, there are obvious deficiencies. Based on this, the author will according to their years of practical management experience, explore the interest rate market conditions of China's rural commercial banks like NC banks will face profound changes, and the need to take It is of great theoretical and practical significance for China's rural commercial banks to meet the coming great challenges and grasp the historic opportunities, identify the location as soon as possible, find the right direction and become bigger and stronger.
This article is divided into four parts:
The first chapter mainly expounds the background of the research, the significance of the research, the framework of the paper and the main innovation points and shortcomings.
The second chapter reviews the literature review and reviews the process of China's interest rate marketization.
The third chapter analyzes the living environment of the NC commercial bank in Chengdu, the present situation and the opportunity and challenge brought by the interest rate marketization.
The fourth chapter mainly combined with the new situation brings the market interest rates, the analysis of Chengdu NC commercial bank industry competition status by using the five forces model and SWOT model, as well as their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats faced by the construction of Chengdu NC commercial bank's competitive strategy and put forward according to the Chengdu NC commercial bank with the interest rate marketization of the sub strategy the design of competitive strategy, the formation of operational strategies and measures, make Chengdu NC commercial bank in the interest rate market in the coming, rainy day, sober, well arrange and prepare prospective, so as to effectively resist impact, seize opportunities, bigger and stronger.
Through the study of the paper the author believes that the current Chengdu NC commercial bank has the market share is low, a single type of business, interest income dependent, interest rate risk management and low level. The interest rate marketization reform of Chengdu NC commercial bank operating costs, profit model, business structure, opportunities and challenges in all aspects of risk management and pricing strategy. This paper argues that the present Chengdu NC commercial bank should actively through innovative financial products and services, targeting market segments, to do specialized financial services provider, expand the intermediate business, the development of diversified business, realize the types of business transformation, prompting banks to change the operation mode, and make good use of the time to enter the insurance AB and to establish its bancassurance platform; and promoting the development of Small and micro businesses related business, and actively develop the rural financial market, improve the overall level of service, enhance a New ability, improve the response speed of the market, to provide customized financial solutions, adjustment of high quality customer standards, to form their own competitive advantage in the mainstream in the field of financial risk; establish the market pricing system, and strengthen risk management, improve the interest rate pricing system, establish a scientific classification system and strict regulatory authorization system.
In research methods, the author uses the normative analysis and empirical research, qualitative and quantitative methods are complementary, in the theoretical analysis at the same time, through quantitative data analysis. The author combines the specific situation of many domestic and foreign research results and the interest rate marketization in China, the qualitative analysis of the influence of the interest rate market will give Chengdu NC commercial banks, quantitative analysis of the current situation of Chengdu NC commercial bank's living environment and development. In addition, based on the theoretical analysis and the empirical analysis of the influence of countries and Countermeasures of commercial banks in the interest rate market, through the analysis of the SWOT analysis and five of Chengdu NC commercial bank related data. Chengdu NC commercial bank and the formation of competitive strategy. This article provided the relevant data from the China Banking Regulatory Commission report, the people's Bank of China official The website, the China Statistics Bureau database, and the Chengdu NC commercial bank Wuhou Branch.
In this paper, according to the market environment, there are some innovative Chengdu NC commercial bank reform measures put forward. Chengdu NC commercial bank should reconstruct quality customer defined standards and access threshold, not only pay attention to large enterprise customers, more attention should be paid to the small and medium enterprise customers, give full play to their own decision-making efficiency, flexible operation, service to win the advantage the Bank Group's financial resources; collocation and proper integration, achieve synergies and scale advantages; in product development and database construction, has a special team for SME customers, forming a unique service capacity and product innovation capability. These conclusions have certain guidance and reference significance for the NC commercial bank and other similar rural commercial banks.
Because not many problems related to domestic reference documents, the author collected the data of commercial bank is not complete, coupled with my knowledge and ability of the limited time, there are still many defects in the article. I will be the next step, as far as possible to obtain the relevant data of Chengdu NC commercial bank. In the empirical part can more fully reveal the problem; analyze the follow-up of more in-depth strategy of Chengdu commercial bank NC SWOT analysis and five forces analysis, optimization research conclusion of this paper.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F832.5;F832.33

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