【摘要】：在黨的十八大報(bào)告提出的“加快形成政社分開(kāi)、權(quán)責(zé)明確、依法自治的現(xiàn)代社會(huì)組織體制”的行政管理體制改革方針的指導(dǎo)下,政府與社會(huì)組織的關(guān)系逐步由控制向自治轉(zhuǎn)變。受到雙重管理體制的摩擦引發(fā)的政社關(guān)系的調(diào)適、地方改革試點(diǎn)的突破與限度兩大因素的共同作用,商會(huì)與政府間權(quán)力發(fā)生了互動(dòng)博弈,其結(jié)果是政府通過(guò)一系列政策的改革深化,逐步取消了對(duì)商會(huì)的雙重管理體制,隨之由一元管理體制所取代,直接推動(dòng)了商會(huì)治理的轉(zhuǎn)型：就商會(huì)而言,從傳統(tǒng)管理轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)代化自治；就政府而言,由限制性發(fā)展向協(xié)同治理轉(zhuǎn)變。本文認(rèn)為,商會(huì)存在內(nèi)部人控制和人才缺乏的雙重障礙、利益代表不足和需求難以滿足的制約、依法自治體系不健全和監(jiān)管保障體系不完善的阻礙等治理結(jié)構(gòu)的缺陷,相應(yīng)改革部門(mén)也因行政力量不足、職能邊界不清、監(jiān)管體制不一等因素阻礙轉(zhuǎn)型進(jìn)程。這些現(xiàn)實(shí)約束在制度變革過(guò)程中激發(fā)了新舊矛盾,導(dǎo)致商會(huì)治理轉(zhuǎn)型存在客觀風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。受制于既定體制中管理與指導(dǎo)職能模糊、家長(zhǎng)制作風(fēng)延續(xù)、會(huì)員邏輯強(qiáng)化等要因的作用和影響,改革所蘊(yùn)含的決策風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、執(zhí)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)以及運(yùn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)值得高度重視。與此同時(shí),現(xiàn)代商會(huì)組織的成長(zhǎng)與政會(huì)關(guān)系的轉(zhuǎn)型作為改革的預(yù)期收益被不斷釋放出來(lái),成為化解風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、破解困局的內(nèi)在動(dòng)力,在相當(dāng)程度上逐步消解這些復(fù)雜的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和危機(jī),為此,應(yīng)將風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和困境視為機(jī)會(huì)積極應(yīng)對(duì),繼續(xù)深化改革,從堅(jiān)決而審慎的改革中尋求解決之道。當(dāng)務(wù)之急在于探索培育政府協(xié)同治理制度化與規(guī)范化體制,一方面需要商會(huì)具備協(xié)同治理能力,另一方面需要政府下放權(quán)力的同時(shí)注重加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管。
[Abstract]:Under the guidance of the reform policy of the administrative management system of "speeding up the formation of a separate government and society, clear powers and responsibilities, and an autonomous modern social organization system in accordance with the law," put forward in the report of the 18th National Congress of the Party, the relationship between the government and the social organization has gradually changed from control to autonomy. Because of the adjustment of the political and social relations caused by the friction of the dual management system, the joint action of the two major factors, namely, the breakthrough of the local experimental reform and the limitation, the Chamber of Commerce and the inter-governmental power have had an interactive game. As a result, the government gradually abolished the dual management system of the Chamber of Commerce through a series of policy reforms, which was replaced by the unitary management system, which directly promoted the transformation of the Chamber of Commerce governance: as far as the Chamber of Commerce is concerned, From traditional management to modern autonomy, from restrictive development to cooperative governance. This paper holds that the Chamber of Commerce has the double obstacles of insider control and lack of talents, the lack of interest representation and the restriction of unsatisfied needs, the imperfection of the self-governing system according to law and the imperfection of the supervision and security system, and the defects of the governance structure. The corresponding reform departments also hinder the process of transformation because of insufficient administrative power, unclear functional boundaries and different regulatory systems. These practical constraints arouse the contradiction between old and new in the process of system reform, and lead to the objective risk of the transformation of chamber of commerce governance. Subject to the fuzzy function of management and guidance in the established system, the role and influence of the parents' making style and the strengthening of the member's logic, the decision-making risk, the execution risk and the running risk of the reform should be paid more attention to. At the same time, the transformation of the relationship between the growth of the modern chamber of commerce and the political organization was constantly released as the expected benefit of the reform, which became the internal motive force to resolve the risks and solve the difficult situation, and gradually eliminated these complex risks and crises to a certain extent. Therefore, risks and dilemmas should be regarded as opportunities to deal with them positively, to deepen the reform and to seek solutions from firm and prudent reforms. The urgent task is to explore and cultivate the institutionalization and standardization system of government cooperative governance. On the one hand, it needs chamber of commerce to have the ability of cooperative governance, on the other hand, it needs the government to devolve power and pay attention to strengthening supervision.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D632.9

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