【摘要】：在規(guī)劃主體日益多元化、規(guī)劃決策風險越來越大的今天,以政府主導的單向決策模式為主要內(nèi)容的傳統(tǒng)規(guī)劃的弊端逐漸顯現(xiàn),走向民主規(guī)劃是大勢所趨。協(xié)商民主理論和實踐的發(fā)展,給了我們重塑規(guī)劃信心的全新思路,通過多元主體間的對話、溝通、談判,能明顯提升規(guī)劃決策的質(zhì)量和合法性,有效降低決策風險,有助于達到良善的規(guī)劃治理。本文關于協(xié)商規(guī)劃的研究主要集中在三個方面：第一,對協(xié)商規(guī)劃理論進行了研究,在梳理協(xié)商規(guī)劃理論基礎的前提下,明晰了協(xié)商規(guī)劃理論的由來,探討了協(xié)商規(guī)劃的內(nèi)涵及特征,并討論了協(xié)商規(guī)劃的價值倫理。協(xié)商民主理論、溝通規(guī)劃理論等為協(xié)商規(guī)劃理論提供了堅實的理論基礎,協(xié)商規(guī)劃是對參與式規(guī)劃、溝通規(guī)劃等以往規(guī)劃的突破性發(fā)展；關于什么是協(xié)商規(guī)劃的問題,筆者認為協(xié)商規(guī)劃就是為達成關于規(guī)劃的科學決策,取得良善的規(guī)劃治理效果,在遵循一定原則的前提下,通過協(xié)商機制,在多元主體間達成共識的過程；協(xié)商規(guī)劃主要有多元性、平等性、公開性、權(quán)威性、包容性等特征。第二,我國已有的協(xié)商實踐是協(xié)商規(guī)劃應用的本土優(yōu)勢,本文對我國規(guī)劃實踐中存在的協(xié)商機制進行了梳理和分析,并探討了當前存在的協(xié)商困境,認為造成這種困境的主要原因包括法律保障不到位、政府作用沒有充分發(fā)揮、公民的協(xié)商意識和能力較低以及協(xié)商經(jīng)驗不足等。第三,辨明了協(xié)商規(guī)劃與當前中國規(guī)劃實踐之間的關系,首先站在歷史的角度,認為由統(tǒng)治走向協(xié)商是規(guī)劃歷史發(fā)展的應有之義,其次通過比較的視角,闡釋了西方協(xié)商實踐經(jīng)驗及其啟示,再次,對協(xié)商規(guī)劃在我國的體制、文化、社會等方面的適應性和制約性因素進行了分析,最后,提出了在我國推進協(xié)商規(guī)劃的路徑選擇,主要包括構(gòu)建本土化的規(guī)劃理論體系、充分調(diào)動各類協(xié)商資源、完善規(guī)劃協(xié)商的保障機制以及進行協(xié)商規(guī)劃工具的創(chuàng)新幾個方面。通過以上分析,可以得出結(jié)論,那就是協(xié)商規(guī)劃在中國當前的規(guī)劃治理中可以發(fā)揮重要的功能作用,不僅要在理論上加以引介和創(chuàng)新,還要在實踐中加以運用。在肯定協(xié)商規(guī)劃巨大作用的同時,也需要指出,作為全新的規(guī)劃視角,協(xié)商規(guī)劃目前還沒有形成系統(tǒng)化的理論體系,同時,規(guī)劃畢竟有技術(shù)性的面孔,協(xié)商并不能替代規(guī)劃中的技術(shù)要素,因此,我們可以將協(xié)商看作是規(guī)劃決策的重要方面。
[Abstract]:With the increasing diversification of planning subjects and the increasing risk of planning decision-making, the disadvantages of traditional planning, which mainly consists of the government-led one-way decision-making mode, gradually appear, and it is the trend of the times to move towards democratic planning. The development of the theory and practice of deliberative democracy has given us a new way to rebuild our confidence in planning. Through dialogue, communication and negotiation among multiple subjects, we can obviously enhance the quality and legitimacy of planning decisions and effectively reduce the risk of decision-making. Help to achieve good planning governance. This paper mainly focuses on three aspects: first, the theory of negotiation planning is studied. On the premise of combing the theoretical basis of negotiation planning, the origin of the theory of negotiation planning is clarified. This paper discusses the connotation and characteristics of negotiation planning, and discusses the value ethics of negotiation planning. The theory of deliberative democracy and the theory of communication planning provide a solid theoretical basis for the theory of consultative planning. Consultation planning is a breakthrough in the past planning, such as participatory planning, communication planning, and so on. The author believes that consultation planning is the process of reaching consensus among multiple subjects under the premise of following certain principles and through consultation mechanism in order to reach scientific decision on planning and achieve good planning governance effect. Consultation planning is characterized by pluralism, equality, openness, authoritativeness and inclusiveness. Second, the existing consultation practice in China is the local advantage of the application of negotiation planning. This paper combs and analyzes the consultation mechanism existing in the planning practice of our country, and probes into the current negotiation dilemma. The main reasons for this dilemma include the lack of legal protection, the lack of full play of the role of the government, the low awareness and ability of consultation among citizens, and the lack of consultation experience and so on. Thirdly, it distinguishes the relationship between the consultation planning and the current planning practice in China. Firstly, from the historical point of view, the author thinks that from the ruling to the consultation is the proper meaning of planning historical development, and then through the perspective of comparison. This paper explains the practical experience of western negotiation and its enlightenment. Thirdly, it analyzes the adaptability and restrictive factors of negotiation planning in China's system, culture, society and so on. Finally, it puts forward the path choice to promote consultation planning in our country. It mainly includes the construction of the localization planning theory system, the full mobilization of all kinds of negotiation resources, the perfection of the guarantee mechanism of planning consultation and the innovation of consultation planning tools. Through the above analysis, we can draw a conclusion that negotiation planning can play an important role in China's current planning governance, not only to introduce and innovate in theory, but also to apply it in practice. While affirming the great role of consultation planning, it is also necessary to point out that as a new perspective of planning, consultation planning has not yet formed a systematic theoretical system. At the same time, planning has a technical face after all. Negotiation is not a substitute for technical elements in planning, so we can regard negotiation as an important aspect of planning decision.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D035

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