本文選題：非政府組織 + 基層政權(quán)�。� 參考：《江西財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)前,解決好“三農(nóng)”問題仍是黨和國家工作的重中之重。近些年黨和政府出臺了一系列的政策扶持農(nóng)村社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,在政策的指引下,我國農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)取得了十足的發(fā)展,最為直接的表現(xiàn)就是農(nóng)民的生活水平得到提高。但是,我國“三農(nóng)”問題有復(fù)雜的歷史背景和國情因素,農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平總體來說仍然偏低,農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)仍不合理,農(nóng)民的生活質(zhì)量仍然有待改善。近年來,非政府組織積極參與到農(nóng)村治理中,并取得了一定的成就,但在實(shí)踐過程中也存在諸多問題,這些問題的存在嚴(yán)重給農(nóng)村非政府組織的健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展帶來巨大困境,同時也不利于農(nóng)村非政府組織在農(nóng)村治理過程中作用的發(fā)揮。基于上述情況,探討非政府組織參與農(nóng)村治理的對策具有很重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文基于現(xiàn)有國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究,對我國農(nóng)村非政府組織產(chǎn)生的原因進(jìn)行了思考。筆者認(rèn)為,中國農(nóng)村非政府組織的產(chǎn)生與我國農(nóng)村改革有著密不可分的關(guān)系。其中,政治體制改革和政府職能調(diào)整是農(nóng)村非政府組織產(chǎn)生的政治原因,以家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責(zé)任制為核心的農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革是農(nóng)村非政府組織產(chǎn)生的直接動因;而農(nóng)民自主意識和參與意識的不斷增強(qiáng)奠定了農(nóng)村非政府組織的社會基礎(chǔ)。解決“三農(nóng)”問題不能僅靠政府與市場的作用。與政府與市場相比,非政府組織在農(nóng)村治理中有著先天的優(yōu)勢,能夠有效彌補(bǔ)政府與市場的不足之處。促進(jìn)非政府組織參與農(nóng)村治理,不僅有利于提升基層政權(quán)的治理水平,也是促進(jìn)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要基礎(chǔ),還是促進(jìn)農(nóng)村社會和諧穩(wěn)定的重要途徑。但是,非政府組織參與農(nóng)村治理仍存在許多問題。本文選取了江西省贛州市信豐縣大阿鎮(zhèn)Y村老年協(xié)會作為個案,通過調(diào)研發(fā)現(xiàn)其在運(yùn)行過程中反映出來的問題具有代表性,如面臨政治合法性障礙、資金和人才缺乏、自身管理不善等。筆者認(rèn)為,上述問題的根本原因還在于農(nóng)村非政府組織與基層政權(quán)之間沒有形成良性互動,并對兩者在信任、合作和沖突解決中的博弈關(guān)系進(jìn)行了分析。筆者認(rèn)為,推進(jìn)非政府組織參與農(nóng)村治理,一是要強(qiáng)化農(nóng)村非政府組織的合法性基礎(chǔ),包括確立其形式合法性的法制基礎(chǔ)、鞏固其實(shí)質(zhì)合法性的社會基礎(chǔ)和培養(yǎng)其公共性基礎(chǔ);二是正確處理非政府組織與基礎(chǔ)政權(quán)的關(guān)系,包括明確兩者的角色定位和建立兩者的互信關(guān)系;三是加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村非政府組織自身建設(shè),如完善籌資渠道、提高人民素質(zhì)、加強(qiáng)內(nèi)外監(jiān)督等。
[Abstract]:At present, solving the issue of agriculture, rural areas and farmers is still the top priority of the Party and the state. In recent years, the Party and the government have issued a series of policies to support the development of rural social economy. Under the guidance of the policy, the rural economy of our country has achieved full development, the most direct manifestation is the improvement of farmers' living standard. However, there are complicated historical background and national conditions in the problems of "agriculture, countryside and farmers" in our country. The level of rural economic development is still on the low side, the structure of rural economy is still unreasonable, and the quality of life of farmers still needs to be improved. In recent years, non-governmental organizations have been actively involved in rural governance, and have made some achievements, but in the process of practice, there are many problems, these problems have brought great difficulties to the healthy and sustainable development of rural non-governmental organizations. At the same time, it is not conducive to the role of rural non-governmental organizations in the process of rural governance. Based on the above situation, it is of great practical significance to discuss the countermeasures of NGO participation in rural governance. Based on the existing research at home and abroad, this paper thinks about the causes of rural NGOs in China. The author believes that the emergence of rural non-governmental organizations in China is closely related to rural reform in China. Among them, the reform of political system and the adjustment of government function are the political reasons of the rural non-governmental organizations, and the rural economic system reform with the household contract responsibility system as the core is the direct cause of the rural non-governmental organizations. The increasing of farmers' consciousness of independence and participation has laid the social foundation of rural non-governmental organizations. To solve the problem of agriculture, rural areas and farmers cannot rely on the role of the government and the market alone. Compared with the government and the market, NGOs have inherent advantages in rural governance, which can effectively make up for the shortcomings of the government and the market. To promote the participation of non-governmental organizations in rural governance is not only conducive to improving the governance level of the grass-roots regime, but also an important basis for promoting the development of rural economy, and an important way to promote social harmony and stability in rural areas. However, there are still many problems in the participation of NGOs in rural governance. This paper selects Da A Zhen Y Village elderly Association of Xinfeng County, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province as a case study and finds that the problems reflected in its operation are representative, such as facing obstacles of political legitimacy, lack of funds and talents. One's own mismanagement, etc. The author believes that the root cause of the above problems lies in the fact that there is no positive interaction between the rural non-governmental organizations and the grassroots regime, and the game relationship between them in trust, cooperation and conflict resolution is analyzed. The author believes that to promote the participation of non-governmental organizations in rural governance, the first is to strengthen the legitimacy of rural non-governmental organizations, including establishing the legal basis of their formal legitimacy, consolidating the social basis of their substantive legitimacy and fostering their public basis; Second, to correctly handle the relationship between non-governmental organizations and the basic regime, including defining the roles of the two organizations and establishing a relationship of mutual trust between them; third, to strengthen the self-building of rural non-governmental organizations, such as improving funding channels and improving the quality of the people. Strengthen internal and external supervision, etc.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D632.9;D422.6

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