發(fā)布時間：2018-05-05 23:50

  本文選題：網絡環(huán)境 + 公共危機　； 參考：《中央財經大學》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：本文在梳理和研究國內外大量文獻資料的基礎上,系統(tǒng)地分析了西方國家和中國對危機管理研究的整體脈絡、公共危機和公共危機管理、網絡環(huán)境下公共危機與公共危機治理等問題,并對相關內容進行評述,指出危機管理研究中的經驗、不足與研究趨勢。在網絡環(huán)境下,從傳統(tǒng)的公共危機管理轉向公共危機治理已呈必然趨勢,諸如實證分析和多案例分析應成為研究公共危機管理的重要方法。本文圍繞“網絡環(huán)境下公共危機治理”這一中心議題,主要討論了以下相關問題。關于網絡環(huán)境下公共危機治理理論創(chuàng)新的研究。在互聯(lián)網時代,公共危機事件的源起發(fā)生變化,發(fā)生了現(xiàn)實誘發(fā)型、現(xiàn)實與網絡并存型、網絡源起型三類公共危機事件�；ヂ�(lián)網的特性也賦予了公共危機不同于傳統(tǒng)社會公共危機的新特征,促使公共危機產生了新的類型,對公共危機管理理論提出了新要求。協(xié)同學思想和治理理論首當其沖成為研究公共危機的新理論。在對協(xié)同學分析中,介紹了協(xié)同學的研究對象和基本原理,探究協(xié)同學的協(xié)同效應及其內在的運行機制。在對治理理論分析中,介紹了治理理論的淵源、治理群簇中的公共治理理論,探討了協(xié)同治理機制與傳統(tǒng)管理模式的差異性,為網絡環(huán)境下公共危機協(xié)同治理奠定了理論基礎。該理論貫穿于公共危機協(xié)同治理的宏觀系統(tǒng)之中,這種宏觀系統(tǒng)表現(xiàn)為公共危機協(xié)同治理的雙重系統(tǒng):公共危機事件的生命周期系統(tǒng)和公共危機的網絡輿情。這兩個系統(tǒng)既融入了現(xiàn)實社會的因素,又融入網絡社會的因素,共同影響著公共危機的發(fā)展進程。因此,網絡環(huán)境下公共危機治理理論的創(chuàng)新,對研究復雜的公共危機利益主體具有重要意義。關于網絡環(huán)境下公共危機影響因素的實證研究。在網絡環(huán)境下公共危機影響因素的研究中,對大量公共危機案例數(shù)據進行實證分析,通過相關分析、回歸分析、主成分分析等數(shù)理統(tǒng)計方法,探尋公共危機影響因素的回歸模型和主成分,以及數(shù)理統(tǒng)計分析之外的虛擬變量所蘊含的其它影響因素,為公共危機的協(xié)同治理提供真實、可信的數(shù)據。這對公共危機的利益相關者分析模型和公共危機參與者的行為模型的構建起到重要作用,為研究公共危機的利益相關者和多元治理主體提供了一種實證分析方法。關于網絡環(huán)境下公共危機治理主體的研究。在融媒體時代,公共危機利益相關者的構成更加復雜,不僅包括傳統(tǒng)的政府組織、非政府組織、企業(yè)組織(或市場)、公眾,還有網絡環(huán)境下的融媒體、一般網民和網絡輿論領袖等。根據多案例研究,超過八成的公共危機事件涉及政府和公眾,“政府-公眾”成為最重要的一對利益相關者。本文通過“委托-代理”理論分析“政府-公眾”的內在關系,構建了網絡環(huán)境下公共危機利益相關者的分析模型,公眾、國家與中央政府的契約邏輯與監(jiān)督機制分析框架,公眾和政府間的“委托-代理”模式,政府失信與公眾訴求互動模型,基于不同利益的社會領域分層模型,公共危機利益主體的互動關系模型、多元參與主體的博弈模型等。通過對網絡環(huán)境下公共危機治理主體的研究,它可以探究公共危機的多元主體在群體行動上是否具有協(xié)同效應,以及實現(xiàn)多元主體的利益均衡策略。關于網絡環(huán)境下公共危機生命周期系統(tǒng)的研究。本文借助西方經典的危機管理理論來研究網絡環(huán)境下公共危機生命周期系統(tǒng),構建了網絡環(huán)境下公共危機的生命周期模型,它與傳統(tǒng)社會公共危機的生命周期不同,具有鮮明的網絡特征。通過對群體性事件的典型案例分析,探究公共危機生命周期模型在實踐中的應用,以及網絡環(huán)境下公共危機的形成機理,這為政府主導的公共危機協(xié)同治理提供了實踐經驗。關于網絡環(huán)境下公共危機輿情系統(tǒng)的研究。本文借助西方經典的大眾傳播模式,構建了網絡環(huán)境下公共危機傳播模式。通過研究網絡輿情與公共危機的邏輯關系、公共危機網絡輿情的構成要素和形成過程,厘清了公共危機網絡輿情的形成機制。在此基礎上,本文結合大數(shù)據時代的“百度指數(shù)”和多案例進行系統(tǒng)研究,構建了公共危機網絡輿情的演化模式:正態(tài)曲線分布模式和其它四種模式,并進一步分析了政府網絡輿情危機的形成機理。在對公共危機網絡輿情的典型案例分析中,探究網絡輿情危機中的政府危機管理問題和網絡環(huán)境下政府應對網絡輿情危機的策略。這為公共危機網絡輿情的協(xié)同治理提供一種傳播學分析框架。基于上述“戰(zhàn)術”層面的微觀分析,本文最后從“戰(zhàn)略管理”的視角進行宏觀研究,對傳統(tǒng)公共危機管理的“一案三制”模式進行調適,分析公共危機的治理路徑,構建了網絡環(huán)境下公共危機協(xié)同治理模式的分析框架,即六大系統(tǒng)與六項機制。一是基于實證分析的公共危機協(xié)同治理模式,它包含公共危機協(xié)同治理的主體系統(tǒng)、問責系統(tǒng)、網絡輿情系統(tǒng),與之配套的主體協(xié)同機制、官員問責機制、輿情治理機制;二是基于虛擬變量的公共危機協(xié)同治理模式,它包含公共危機協(xié)同治理的能力系統(tǒng)、保障系統(tǒng)和評價系統(tǒng),與之配套的能力提升機制、運行保障機制和綜合評價機制。每個系統(tǒng)又包含若干子系統(tǒng)及其配套機制。它們以“公共價值”為核心,為網絡環(huán)境下公共危機的協(xié)同治理模式提供了理論支撐與對策建議。
[Abstract]:On the basis of combing and studying a large number of documents at home and abroad, this paper systematically analyzes the overall context of crisis management research in western countries and China, public crisis and public crisis management, public crisis and public crisis management under the network environment, and comments on relevant internal capacity, and points out the experience in crisis management research. In the network environment, it is inevitable to change from the traditional public crisis management to the public crisis management, such as the empirical analysis and the multi case analysis should become an important method to study the public crisis management. This paper focuses on the central issue of "public crisis governance under the network environment", and mainly discusses the following related issues. The research on the theory innovation of public crisis governance under the network environment. In the Internet age, the origin of public crisis events has changed, there is a real inducement, the reality and the network coexist, the network source is three kinds of public crisis events. The characteristics of the Internet also give the public crisis different from the traditional public crisis. Characteristics, promote the public crisis to produce a new type, put forward new requirements to the theory of public crisis management. Synergetic thought and governance theory is the first to be the new theory of public crisis. In the analysis of synergetics, the research objects and basic principles of synergetics are introduced, and the synergy effect and internal operation of synergetics are explored. In the analysis of the governance theory, this paper introduces the origin of governance theory, the public governance theory in the governance cluster, discusses the difference between the cooperative governance mechanism and the traditional management mode, and lays a theoretical foundation for the cooperative governance of the public crisis under the network environment. This theory runs through the macro system of the cooperative governance of the public crisis. The macro system is a dual system of public crisis synergistic Governance: the life cycle system of public crisis events and the network public opinion of the public crisis. These two systems not only integrate the factors of the real society, but also integrate into the factors of the network society, which affect the development process of the public crisis. Therefore, the public crisis management under the network environment is governed by the network environment. The innovation of the theory is of great significance to the research of the stakeholders of the complex public crisis. On the influencing factors of public crisis under the network environment. In the study of the influencing factors of public crisis under the network environment, the empirical analysis of a large number of public crisis case data is carried out, through correlation analysis, regression analysis, principal component analysis and so on. The statistical method, exploring the regression model and principal component of the influencing factors of public crisis, and other influencing factors of the virtual variables outside the mathematical statistics and analysis, providing real and credible data for the cooperative governance of public crisis. It has played an important role in providing an empirical analysis for the stakeholders of public crisis and the subject of multiple governance. Research on the main body of public crisis governance under the network environment. In the era of the financial media, the composition of the stakeholders of the public crisis is more complex, including not only the traditional government organizations, the non-governmental organizations, and the enterprise groups. According to a multi case study, more than 80% of the public crisis events involve the government and the public, and the "government public" has become the most important stakeholder. This article analyses the "government public" through the "principal-agent" theory. In relation, the analysis model of the stakeholders of the public crisis under the network environment, the public, the analysis framework of the contract logic and the supervision mechanism of the state and the central government, the "principal-agent" model between the public and the government, the model of the interaction between the government's trust and the public demand, the stratified model of the social domain based on the different interests, the interests of the public crisis, and the interests of the public and the government The interactive relationship model of the subject, the game model of multiple participants, and so on. Through the research on the public crisis governance subject under the network environment, it can explore whether the multiple subjects of public crisis have synergistic effect in group action, and realize the balance of interests strategy of multiple subjects. On the life cycle of public crisis under the network environment This paper studies the life cycle system of public crisis under the network environment with the help of the classical Western crisis management theory, and constructs the life cycle model of public crisis under the network environment. It is different from the life cycle of the traditional social public crisis and has distinct network characteristics. To explore the application of the life cycle model of public crisis in practice and the formation mechanism of public crisis under the network environment, which provides practical experience for the government led public crisis synergistic governance. On the public crisis public opinion system under the network environment, this paper constructs the network environment with the help of the classic western mass communication model. Through the study of the logical relationship between public opinion and public crisis, the elements and process of public crisis network public opinion, it clarifies the formation mechanism of public crisis network public opinion. On this basis, this paper makes a systematic study on the "Baidu index" and multiple cases in the era of big data, and constructs a public public opinion. The evolution model of the crisis network public opinion: the normal curve distribution pattern and the other four modes, and further analyses the formation mechanism of the government network public opinion crisis. In the typical case analysis of the public public opinion of the public crisis, the government crisis management questions in the network public opinion crisis and the government's response to the network public opinion crisis under the network environment are explored. This provides a communication analysis framework for the collaborative governance of public crisis public opinion. Based on the micro analysis of the above "tactical" level, this paper makes a macro study from the perspective of "strategic management", adjusts the "one case three system" model of the traditional public crisis management, and analyzes the governance path of the public crisis. The analysis framework of the cooperative governance model of public crisis under the network environment is constructed, that is, six systems and six mechanisms. One is the cooperative governance model of public crisis based on empirical analysis. It includes the main system of the public crisis synergistic governance, the accountability system, the network public opinion system, the supporting mechanism of the main body, the accountability mechanism of officials, and the public opinion Governance mechanism; two is a collaborative governance model of public crisis based on virtual variables. It includes the capacity system of public crisis synergistic governance, the guarantee system and evaluation system, the supporting mechanism, the operation guarantee mechanism and the comprehensive evaluation mechanism. Each system also includes several subsystems and their supporting mechanisms. Value "as the core, provides theoretical support and Countermeasures for the collaborative governance mode of public crisis under the network environment.

【學位授予單位】：中央財經大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D63
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本文編號：1849798