本文選題：少數(shù)民族人口 + 外出務(wù)工��； 參考：《貴州民族大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：就業(yè)是民生之本。溫家寶曾指出:“就業(yè)不但關(guān)乎一個人的生計(jì),更關(guān)乎一個人的尊嚴(yán)”。因此,對就業(yè)問題,乃至西部地區(qū)人口就業(yè)問題、外出務(wù)工等非正規(guī)就業(yè)的研究,一直是當(dāng)前學(xué)界的熱點(diǎn)。特別是在經(jīng)濟(jì)比較落后的少數(shù)民族地區(qū),就業(yè)和外出務(wù)工問題比經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的問題要嚴(yán)重得多。因此,對民族地區(qū)少數(shù)民族人口就業(yè)和外出務(wù)工情況進(jìn)行調(diào)查研究,特別是針對在外出務(wù)工的過程中產(chǎn)生的一系列問題,例如:如何轉(zhuǎn)移農(nóng)村剩余勞動力、工作環(huán)境、留守兒童問題、勞動力技能等問題,對于這些問題的研究具有一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文在促進(jìn)威寧發(fā)展的大背景下,通過研究威寧少數(shù)民族人口外出務(wù)工情況,目的在于通過嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)客觀的實(shí)證研究,對威寧少數(shù)民族的勞動力資源狀況,就業(yè)率、就業(yè)狀況、工作類型、外出務(wù)工情況、工作環(huán)境、留守兒童問題等方面的問題進(jìn)行了梳理,對存在的問題進(jìn)行了總結(jié),并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了切實(shí)可行的對策和建議。其研究成果必將為我國促進(jìn)少數(shù)民族就業(yè)政策的制定提供借鑒。本文共分為五個部分:第一部分,主要闡述了研究緣起、研究思路及研究方法;第二部分,主要介紹與分析了威寧縣少數(shù)民族人口外出務(wù)工的現(xiàn)狀與特征,通過對威寧縣的抽樣調(diào)查收集的數(shù)據(jù)分析,闡釋了當(dāng)?shù)厣贁?shù)民族外出務(wù)工人員以青壯年為主、素質(zhì)普遍偏低、外出方式以自發(fā)轉(zhuǎn)移為主等特征;第三部分,從文化差異大、社會融入差、缺乏權(quán)益保障、子女受教育困難重重四方面探討威寧縣少數(shù)民族人口外出務(wù)工面臨的困境,具體表現(xiàn)為就業(yè)形式嚴(yán)峻、外出務(wù)工人員占的比例比較高、勞動力資源缺乏、就業(yè)率不高、工作類型主要從事建筑勞動;第四部分,從威寧縣少數(shù)民族人口外出務(wù)工引發(fā)的社會問題入手,梳理出農(nóng)村孤寡老人和留守兒童、農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)受影響等問題,進(jìn)一步闡釋外出務(wù)工引發(fā)的突出問題;第五部分,針對威寧彝族回族苗族自治縣就業(yè)和外出務(wù)工人員情況中存在主要問題,提出了相應(yīng)的解決方法與措施:定期舉行生產(chǎn)技能培訓(xùn),加強(qiáng)勞動中介的辦事力量,把更多有技能的人輸送到相應(yīng)的企業(yè)中去,加大資金投入,增加扶貧資金補(bǔ)貼,鼓勵返鄉(xiāng)人才回家創(chuàng)業(yè),給予更多的資金補(bǔ)貼,特別是農(nóng)業(yè)和畜牧業(yè)的補(bǔ)貼,對外來投資企業(yè)給予更多的政策優(yōu)惠,從而增加就業(yè)崗位,特別是針對留守兒童問題,社會各界及政府都要多關(guān)心這個群體,讓更多的孩子得到父母的關(guān)注;文章最后得出結(jié)論,以制度體系為保障推進(jìn)民族地區(qū)剩余勞動力區(qū)域間、產(chǎn)業(yè)間轉(zhuǎn)移,是加速民族地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的有效途徑,也是體現(xiàn)社會進(jìn)步的重要標(biāo)志。
[Abstract]:Employment is the foundation of the people's livelihood. Wen Jiabao once pointed out, "employment is not only about a person's livelihood, but also about one's dignity". Therefore, the study of employment, even the employment of the population in the western region, and the study of irregular employment, such as migrant workers, has always been a hot spot in the current academic field, especially in the economically backward minority areas, The problem of industry and migrant work is much more serious than that in the economically developed areas. Therefore, the investigation and study of the employment and work of the ethnic minority population in ethnic areas, especially in the process of working out, is a series of problems, such as how to transfer the surplus labor of the rural village, the working environment, the problem of leaving the children, and the labor. In the background of promoting the development of Weining, the purpose of this article is to study the situation of the migrant workers in Weining, through a rigorous and objective empirical study on the status of labor resources, the employment rate, the employment situation and the work category of the ethnic minorities in Weining. Type, work situation, working environment, left behind children problems have been combed, the existing problems are summarized, and on this basis, the practical countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. The research results will provide reference for China to promote the employment policy of minority nationalities. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part In the second part, the main introduction and analysis of the status and characteristics of the migrant workers in Weining county were introduced and analyzed. Through the analysis of the data collected from the sampling survey in Weining County, it was explained that the local ethnic minority migrant workers were mainly young and young, and the quality was generally low and went out. The third part, from the cultural difference, the social integration, the lack of rights and interests, the children's education difficulties, four aspects of the difficulties faced by the migrant workers in Weining County, including the severe form of employment, the higher proportion of migrant workers, and the lack of labor resources. The employment rate is not high, the work type is mainly engaged in the construction work. In the fourth part, starting with the social problems caused by the migrant workers from the minority nationalities in Weining County, this paper combs out the problems of the rural orphans and widows and the left behind children, the agricultural production is affected, and further explains the outstanding problems caused by the migrant workers. The fifth part is aimed at the Hui Miao of the Yi nationality in Weining. There are major problems in employment and migrant workers in ethnic autonomous counties, and the corresponding solutions and measures are put forward: regular training of production skills, strengthening of the work force of labor intermediaries, transferring more skilled people to the corresponding enterprises, increasing capital investment, increasing subsidies for poverty alleviation funds and encouraging returning home personnel to go home The industry gives more subsidy, especially the subsidies of agriculture and animal husbandry, and gives more policy preferences to foreign investment enterprises, thus increasing employment, especially for the children left behind. All sectors of the society and the government should pay more attention to this group and let more children get their parents' attention. Finally, the article draws a conclusion, so as to make a conclusion. The degree system is an effective way to accelerate the economic development of ethnic areas, and also an important symbol of social progress.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴州民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F249.27;C95

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