發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-20 19:37

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 廉潔年金制度 腐敗 激勵(lì) 對(duì)策　出處：《中央民族大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：腐敗問題是世界各國(guó)在政府治理和廉政建設(shè)過程中始終無法回避的棘手問題。近年來,我國(guó)步入社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期,各項(xiàng)制度的改革都在有序推進(jìn),以應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中一系列的機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn)。在改革的攻堅(jiān)階段,腐敗的滋生往往會(huì)阻礙國(guó)家向前發(fā)展的步伐,造成國(guó)家財(cái)政資源的浪費(fèi),同時(shí)會(huì)削弱國(guó)家的公信力,影響我國(guó)公務(wù)員樹立人民公仆的形象,最終難以贏得公民的廣泛擁護(hù),不利于我國(guó)和諧社會(huì)的實(shí)現(xiàn)。在這種背景下,為減少腐敗的危害,激勵(lì)公務(wù)員廉政勤政,我國(guó)以新加坡的中央公積金制度為借鑒,從2000年開始嘗試引入廉潔年金的設(shè)計(jì)思路。經(jīng)過多年的改革探索和試點(diǎn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)積累,2013年國(guó)務(wù)院發(fā)展研究中心正式在“383”改革方案中提出設(shè)立公務(wù)員的廉潔年金制度。隨著十八大以來黨中央反腐進(jìn)程的逐步深入,反腐力度的不斷提升,越來越多的腐敗官員為自己的違紀(jì)行為付出了沉重的代價(jià),其中甚至牽扯到國(guó)家級(jí)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人,空前的反腐態(tài)度不但維護(hù)了國(guó)家的法律權(quán)威,更讓公民看到了新一屆政府與腐敗作斗爭(zhēng)的決心和勇氣。然而,我國(guó)廉潔年金制度的發(fā)展并不是一帆風(fēng)順的�？v觀這一制度十五年的發(fā)展歷程,由于多是來自地方政府的嘗試,一直缺少國(guó)家層面詳細(xì)的頂層設(shè)計(jì)方案,使廉潔年金制度始終深陷輿論的爭(zhēng)議,也難以真正發(fā)揮效用�，F(xiàn)行的廉潔年金制度缺少法律依據(jù),同時(shí)在運(yùn)行的環(huán)節(jié),很多城市一直沒有設(shè)定具體的繳納、扣罰標(biāo)準(zhǔn),對(duì)于重大錯(cuò)誤或者腐敗行為的概念范疇也無法明確界定。此外廉潔年金制度的監(jiān)督多屬于內(nèi)部監(jiān)督,監(jiān)督者往往服從于被監(jiān)督者,極容易出現(xiàn)監(jiān)督失效的情況。而一項(xiàng)制度取得效果是需要政治、文化、經(jīng)濟(jì)等多個(gè)方面的配合,顯然廉潔年金制度在配套措施完善方面也還有很大的運(yùn)作空間。因此,如何把握廉潔年金制度的合法性,并設(shè)計(jì)合理的制度運(yùn)行機(jī)制和配套措施?怎樣通過強(qiáng)化監(jiān)督來杜絕腐敗的反復(fù)性,把治理腐敗從傳統(tǒng)的事后懲罰轉(zhuǎn)換到事前預(yù)防,最終讓公務(wù)員群體在意識(shí)上由“不敢貪”過度到“不愿貪”?這些都是廉潔年金制度在今后的運(yùn)用中需要考慮的方向。本文將帶著以上疑問,結(jié)合最新的政策導(dǎo)向,從廉潔年金制度的概念界定和改革歷程入手,分析當(dāng)前形勢(shì)下推行公務(wù)員廉潔年金制度的必要性和可行性,在此基礎(chǔ)上歸納總結(jié)我國(guó)廉潔年金制度探索階段所反映出的具體問題,并充分借鑒新加坡、香港、丹麥等國(guó)家和地區(qū)的廉政建設(shè)經(jīng)驗(yàn),最終對(duì)如何構(gòu)建符合我國(guó)國(guó)情的廉潔年金制度提出適當(dāng)?shù)膶?duì)策和建議。
[Abstract]:Corruption is a thorny problem that countries all over the world can not avoid in the process of government governance and clean government construction. In recent years, China has stepped into a critical period of social transformation, and the reform of various systems is advancing in an orderly manner. In order to cope with a series of opportunities and challenges in international competition. In the critical stage of reform, the breeding of corruption will often hinder the pace of national development, resulting in a waste of national financial resources, and at the same time weakening the credibility of the country. In order to reduce the harm of corruption and encourage civil servants to be honest and diligent in order to reduce the harm of corruption, it is difficult to win the widespread support of citizens and is not conducive to the realization of harmonious society. Our country draws lessons from Singapore's central provident fund system. Since 2000, we have tried to introduce the design idea of clean annuity. After many years of reform exploration and experimental experience accumulation, the State Council Development Research Center formally put forward the establishment of civil servants' clean annuity system in the "383" reform plan in 2013. With the gradual deepening of the anti-corruption process of the CPC Central Committee since the 18 National Congress, With the continuous improvement of anti-corruption efforts, more and more corrupt officials have paid a heavy price for their disciplinary violations, even involving leaders at the national level. The unprecedented anti-corruption attitude has not only safeguarded the legal authority of the state, The citizens have also seen the determination and courage of the new government to fight corruption. However, the development of the clean annuity system in our country has not been smooth. Throughout the 15-year development of this system, because most of the attempts have come from local governments, There has been a lack of detailed top-level designs at the national level, so that the clean annuity system has always been mired in controversy in public opinion, and it is also difficult to really play its role. The current clean annuity system lacks a legal basis and at the same time is in the process of operation. Many cities have not set specific payment standards, withheld penalty standards, and have no clear definition of the conceptual scope of major mistakes or corrupt practices. In addition, most of the supervision of the clean pension system belongs to internal oversight. Supervisors are often subject to supervision, so it is very easy for them to fail in supervision. However, the effect of a system requires cooperation from political, cultural, economic, and other aspects. It is obvious that the clean annuity system also has a lot of room for operation in improving the supporting measures. Therefore, how to grasp the legitimacy of the clean annuity system and design a reasonable system operation mechanism and supporting measures? How to stop the repetition of corruption by strengthening supervision, and to change the treatment of corruption from traditional punishment after the event to prevention beforehand, and finally to make the civil servant group from "not greedy" to "unwilling to corrupt" in consciousness? These are the directions to be considered in the future application of the clean annuity system. With the above questions and the latest policy guidance, this paper begins with the definition and reform of the clean annuity system. This paper analyzes the necessity and feasibility of carrying out the civil service clean annuity system under the current situation, and on this basis summarizes the concrete problems reflected in the exploration stage of our country's clean annuity system, and fully draws lessons from Singapore and Hong Kong. The experience of building a clean government in Denmark and other countries and regions finally puts forward appropriate countermeasures and suggestions on how to construct a clean annuity system in accordance with the national conditions of our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D630.9

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本文編號(hào)：1519851