【摘要】：在諸如航空航天、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、工業(yè)生產(chǎn)、國(guó)防軍事等對(duì)于計(jì)算機(jī)可靠性有著嚴(yán)格要求的領(lǐng)域，研究設(shè)計(jì)容錯(cuò)計(jì)算機(jī)以及帶有容錯(cuò)機(jī)制的軟件應(yīng)用具有非常重要的意義。而故障注入技術(shù)通過(guò)引入故障，加速系統(tǒng)失效，能夠在短時(shí)間內(nèi)有效地評(píng)估容錯(cuò)計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)的容錯(cuò)性能，正是輔助容錯(cuò)計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)、實(shí)現(xiàn)必不可少的有力工具。 本文通過(guò)對(duì)S698芯片以及當(dāng)前軟件故障注入技術(shù)的研究，設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了一款能夠?qū)\(yùn)行于S698芯片之上的軟件系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行關(guān)鍵寄存器修改、代碼段破壞、進(jìn)入非法工作區(qū)、進(jìn)入死循環(huán)、軟件不喂狗、接口器件工作異常等類型故障的注入工具。該工具利用串口通信的方式，根據(jù)用戶在普通PC機(jī)上通過(guò)控制界面配置的故障注入?yún)?shù)形成故障注入命令，經(jīng)由串口發(fā)送給以S698芯片為處理器的嵌入式系統(tǒng)之上，在該系統(tǒng)的串口中斷處理程序中，根據(jù)接收成功的故障注入命令，執(zhí)行所需類型故障的注入，并通過(guò)該串口發(fā)回相應(yīng)的反饋。此外，該工具利用定時(shí)器的定時(shí)功能，實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)寄存器被修改等具有間歇故障意義的故障類型進(jìn)行間歇性的故障注入。在進(jìn)行寄存器故障注入時(shí)，用到了Sparc處理器特有的寄存器窗口旋轉(zhuǎn)的特性，通過(guò)旋轉(zhuǎn)窗口，找到了在中斷過(guò)程中被自動(dòng)保存的寄存器的存儲(chǔ)位置，通過(guò)修改其內(nèi)容成功地實(shí)現(xiàn)了故障值的注入，，同時(shí)對(duì)于沒(méi)有被自動(dòng)保存的寄存器，通過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)到其所在窗口的方式成功地實(shí)現(xiàn)了故障注入。 最后，本文使用已實(shí)現(xiàn)的軟件故障注入工具對(duì)一個(gè)運(yùn)行于S698芯片之上的矩陣運(yùn)算程序進(jìn)行了故障注入實(shí)驗(yàn)，并根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果分析了各類型故障對(duì)目標(biāo)系統(tǒng)的影響程度。
[Abstract]:In areas such as aerospace, medical and health, industrial production, national defense and military, which have strict requirements for computer reliability, it is of great significance to study and design fault-tolerant computers and software applications with fault-tolerant mechanisms. By introducing fault and accelerating system failure, fault injection technology can effectively evaluate the fault-tolerant performance of fault-tolerant computer system in a short period of time, which is an indispensable and powerful tool to assist fault-tolerant computer system design and realize it. Based on the research of S698 chip and the current software fault injection technology, this paper designs and implements an injection tool which can modify the key register, destroy the code segment, enter the illegal working area, enter the dead cycle, the software does not feed the dog, and the interface device works abnormally. By means of serial communication, the tool forms a fault injection command according to the fault injection parameters configured by the user on the ordinary PC, and sends it to the embedded system with S698 chip as the processor through serial port. In the serial port interrupt processing program of the system, according to the successful fault injection command, the required type of fault injection is executed, and the corresponding feedback is sent back through the serial port. In addition, the tool makes use of the timing function of timer to realize intermittent fault injection to fault types with intermittent fault significance, such as register modification. When the register fault injection is carried out, the characteristic of register window rotation unique to Sparc processor is used. Through the rotating window, the storage location of the register which is automatically saved in the interrupt process is found, and the fault value injection is successfully realized by modifying its content. At the same time, for the register that is not automatically saved, the fault injection is successfully realized by going to its window. Finally, the fault injection experiment of a matrix operation program running on S698 chip is carried out by using the implemented software fault injection tool, and the influence degree of each type of fault on the target system is analyzed according to the experimental results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TP393.06

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