【摘要】：隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的發(fā)展,網(wǎng)絡(luò)用戶(hù)與網(wǎng)絡(luò)中流量飛速增加,需要連接網(wǎng)絡(luò)的分布式路由器具有更快的轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)速率,而IP報(bào)文在路由器FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array,現(xiàn)場(chǎng)可編程門(mén)陣列)接口卡上的轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)主要是通過(guò)接口卡內(nèi)部的FPGA完成,相比于通過(guò)CPU (Central Processing Unit,中央處理器)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)報(bào)文的方式,具有更快的轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)速率。面對(duì)增加的業(yè)務(wù)流量,網(wǎng)絡(luò)有限的資源無(wú)法滿(mǎn)足每個(gè)用戶(hù)的業(yè)務(wù)需求,而流量控制技術(shù),簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)流控技術(shù),便是通過(guò)控制報(bào)文在分布式路由器上的轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)速率從而保證網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源的合理利用。為了達(dá)到對(duì)業(yè)務(wù)流量進(jìn)一步細(xì)化的目的,分層流控技術(shù)應(yīng)運(yùn)而生,分層流控技術(shù)可以對(duì)多用戶(hù)、多業(yè)務(wù)進(jìn)行分層調(diào)度從而完成統(tǒng)一管理。所以,在分布式路由器FPGA接口卡上設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)流控技術(shù)與分層的流控技術(shù)是十分必要的。而CAR (Committed Access Rate,承諾訪問(wèn)速率)技術(shù)則作為流量控制的主要的技術(shù)手段被廣泛應(yīng)用,CAR技術(shù)又分為非分層CAR技術(shù)與分層CAR技術(shù)。本論文在分布式路由器的FPGA的接口卡上設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了非分層CAR技術(shù)與分層CAR技術(shù)。首先,介紹了論文的研究背景、國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀及本論文的研究?jī)?nèi)容。隨后,對(duì)流控相關(guān)技術(shù)進(jìn)行相關(guān)介紹,包括QoS (Quality of Service,服務(wù)質(zhì)量)技術(shù)、CAR技術(shù)原理與令牌桶算法。然后,介紹了FPGA接口卡內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)及報(bào)文轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)在接口卡內(nèi)的處理流程。接下來(lái),通過(guò)對(duì)IQoS (Input QoS,上行QoS)模塊、CAR模塊的詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn),完成FPGA接口卡上的非分層CAR技術(shù)與分層CAR技術(shù)的功能的實(shí)現(xiàn)。最后,對(duì)具有非分層CAR技術(shù)與分層CAR技術(shù)的FPGA接口卡進(jìn)行功能測(cè)試進(jìn)而驗(yàn)證其功能的實(shí)現(xiàn)。而通過(guò)比較非分層CAR技術(shù)場(chǎng)景下與分層CAR技術(shù)場(chǎng)景下的報(bào)文平均傳輸時(shí)延,可以得到分層CAR技術(shù)場(chǎng)景下報(bào)文平均傳輸時(shí)延較高的結(jié)論,說(shuō)明盡管分層CAR技術(shù)可以通過(guò)對(duì)多用戶(hù)、多業(yè)務(wù)的分層調(diào)度從而完成統(tǒng)一管理,但具有更高的傳輸時(shí)延的缺點(diǎn),所以非分層CAR技術(shù)與分層CAR技術(shù)各有利弊,需要用戶(hù)根據(jù)不同需求選擇合適的CAR技術(shù)進(jìn)行流量控制。
[Abstract]:With the development of network technology, the traffic between network users and the network increases rapidly, and the distributed routers that need to connect to the network have faster forwarding rate. The forwarding of IP messages on the router FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array, Field programmable Gate Array) interface card is mainly done through the FPGA inside the interface card, which has a faster forwarding rate than the way of forwarding messages through CPU (Central Processing Unit, central processor (CPU). In the face of increased traffic, the limited resources of the network can not meet the business needs of each user, and flow control technology, referred to as flow control technology, is to ensure the rational use of network resources by controlling the forwarding rate of messages on distributed routers. In order to further refine the traffic flow, hierarchical flow control technology emerges as the times require. Hierarchical flow control technology can schedule multi-user and multi-service hierarchically to complete unified management. Therefore, it is very necessary to design and implement flow control technology and hierarchical flow control technology on distributed router FPGA interface card. CAR (Committed Access Rate, promised access rate) technology is widely used as the main technical means of flow control. CAR technology is divided into non-hierarchical CAR technology and hierarchical CAR technology. In this paper, the non-hierarchical CAR technology and hierarchical CAR technology are designed and implemented on the interface card of FPGA of distributed router. First of all, it introduces the research background, domestic and foreign research status and the research content of this paper. Then, the related technologies of flow control are introduced, including QoS (Quality of Service, quality of service (QoS) technology, CAR technology principle and token bucket algorithm. Then, the internal structure of FPGA interface card and the processing flow of message forwarding in interface card are introduced. Next, through the detailed design and implementation of IQoS (Input QoS, uplink QoS) module and CAR module, the functions of non-hierarchical CAR technology and hierarchical CAR technology on FPGA interface card are completed. Finally, the function of FPGA interface card with non-hierarchical CAR technology and hierarchical CAR technology is tested to verify the realization of its function. By comparing the average message transmission delay between the non-hierarchical CAR technology scenario and the hierarchical CAR technology scenario, we can get the conclusion that the average message transmission delay is higher in the hierarchical CAR technology scenario, which shows that although the hierarchical CAR technology can complete the unified management through the hierarchical scheduling of multi-user and multi-service, it has the disadvantage of higher transmission delay, so the non-hierarchical CAR technology and the hierarchical CAR technology have their own advantages and disadvantages. Users need to choose the appropriate CAR technology according to different needs for flow control.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP393.05

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