【摘要】：近年來，網(wǎng)絡(luò)地圖的可用性問題進(jìn)入了人們的視線，人們關(guān)注如何改進(jìn)可用性問題使網(wǎng)絡(luò)地圖對(duì)用戶來說更加友好。本文從網(wǎng)絡(luò)地圖可用性評(píng)價(jià)的內(nèi)容和方法出發(fā)，對(duì)其可用性進(jìn)行研究，以期為改進(jìn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)地圖的可用性提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。 為了深入研究網(wǎng)絡(luò)地圖的可用性，從用戶、用戶界面和用戶行為分析三個(gè)方面來論述了網(wǎng)絡(luò)地圖可用性研究的內(nèi)容，并介紹了常用的可用性評(píng)價(jià)方法，針對(duì)本研究選擇了績效評(píng)估、啟發(fā)式評(píng)估和問卷調(diào)查等方法。此外又詳細(xì)介紹了模糊層次分析法，該方法能使復(fù)雜的權(quán)衡過程變得有邏輯，非常適合本研究對(duì)于網(wǎng)絡(luò)地圖可用性評(píng)價(jià)的研究。 根據(jù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)地圖在與用戶交互過程中展現(xiàn)的不同層面，將其可用性分為可以客觀測(cè)量的績效可用性和主觀且模糊的感知可用性。為了獲得績效可用性的測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)，將其細(xì)分為時(shí)間、效率、出錯(cuò)次數(shù)等指標(biāo)，并且根據(jù)用戶調(diào)查結(jié)果設(shè)置了典型的網(wǎng)絡(luò)地圖用戶任務(wù)。對(duì)于感知可用性，則根據(jù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)地圖的內(nèi)容和特征，通過問卷形式來測(cè)試用戶的滿意度。 對(duì)于測(cè)試樣本，本文對(duì)市場(chǎng)上流行的網(wǎng)絡(luò)地圖進(jìn)行聚類分析，并對(duì)主流用戶群體進(jìn)行了調(diào)查和訪談，最終選擇了六款地圖作為測(cè)試樣本。對(duì)于測(cè)試用戶的選擇，則通過參考市場(chǎng)研究報(bào)告并使用Web分析工具來確定。 本文選擇了模糊層次分析法作為建立可用性評(píng)價(jià)模型的主要研究方法，在本研究中，涉及模型（層次分析模型）結(jié)構(gòu)分析、評(píng)價(jià)矩陣構(gòu)建、權(quán)重矢量設(shè)定以及排序等。在權(quán)重設(shè)定方面，采用群體決策的方法，選擇了教育背景和知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)都適合對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)地圖進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)的評(píng)估人員組成一個(gè)小組，讓他們互相評(píng)價(jià)得到先驗(yàn)權(quán)重，再對(duì)各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)兩兩評(píng)價(jià)得到后驗(yàn)權(quán)重，最終通過兩者凸組合得到專家權(quán)重。 通過對(duì)各款地圖進(jìn)行可用性評(píng)價(jià)，，我可以有針對(duì)地從得分低且權(quán)重高的指標(biāo)開始著力，來改進(jìn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)地圖的可用性問題。由于網(wǎng)絡(luò)地圖的內(nèi)容和功能與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，本研究所建立的評(píng)價(jià)模型具有一定時(shí)效性，需要在現(xiàn)有研究基礎(chǔ)上調(diào)整和改進(jìn)來提高模型的適用性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the usability problem of the network map has entered the attention of people, people pay attention to how to improve the usability problem to make the network map more friendly to the users. Based on the content and method of usability evaluation of network map, this paper studies its usability in order to provide scientific basis for improving the usability of network map. In order to deeply study the usability of network map, this paper discusses the content of usability research of network map from three aspects: user, user interface and user behavior analysis, and introduces the commonly used usability evaluation methods. In this study, performance evaluation, heuristic evaluation and questionnaire survey were selected. In addition, the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) is introduced in detail. This method can make the complex tradeoff process logical, and it is very suitable for the study of the usability evaluation of the network map. According to the different layers of the web map in the process of interacting with the user, the usability can be divided into objectively measurable performance usability and subjective and fuzzy perceived usability. In order to obtain the test data of performance availability, it is subdivided into time, efficiency, times of error and so on. According to the result of user survey, the typical user task of network map is set up. For perceived usability, user satisfaction is measured by questionnaire according to the content and characteristics of the map. For the test sample, this paper carries on the clustering analysis to the popular network map in the market, and carries on the investigation and the interview to the mainstream user group, finally selects six maps as the test sample. The selection of test users is determined by referring to market research reports and using Web analysis tools. In this paper, fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is chosen as the main research method to establish the usability evaluation model. In this study, it involves the structural analysis of the model (AHP model), the construction of evaluation matrix, the setting of weight vector and the ranking etc. In the aspect of weight setting, using the method of group decision making, the evaluators who choose the educational background and knowledge structure to evaluate the network map form a group, so that they can evaluate each other and get a prior weight. Then the posterior weight is obtained by evaluating each index in pairwise, and the expert weight is obtained by the convex combination of the two. By evaluating the usability of each map, I can focus on improving the usability of the network map from the index with low score and high weight. Because the content and function of the network map keep pace with the times, the evaluation model established in this paper has certain timeliness, which needs to be adjusted and improved on the basis of the existing research to improve the applicability of the model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TP393.09

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