本文選題：紫外成像光譜儀 + 紫外光柵��； 參考：《中國(guó)科學(xué)院研究生院（上海技術(shù)物理研究所）》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：成像光譜儀是當(dāng)前遙感技術(shù)的重要研究領(lǐng)域，成像光譜儀能夠獲得連續(xù)的光譜圖像數(shù)據(jù)，其高光譜分辨率有利于地物目標(biāo)的特征分析，提高了遙感的定量化水平。紫外探測(cè)技術(shù)是繼可見(jiàn)和紅外探測(cè)技術(shù)之后又一項(xiàng)重要的新型光電探測(cè)技術(shù)。根據(jù)不同目標(biāo)的紫外光譜輻射特性需求，紫外遙感探測(cè)在大氣環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)、臭氧監(jiān)測(cè)、海洋溢油遙感、閃電災(zāi)害天氣預(yù)報(bào)等方面，逐漸延伸到了電暈監(jiān)測(cè)等工業(yè)生產(chǎn)等許多領(lǐng)域，具有十分重要的應(yīng)用研究?jī)r(jià)值。 本文以基于小型化推掃式紫外成像光譜儀為研究目標(biāo)，在國(guó)內(nèi)外紫外光譜儀發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀研究的基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)對(duì)紫外成像光譜儀總體技術(shù)和關(guān)鍵技術(shù)進(jìn)行分析研究，采用紫外光柵分光組件、高靈敏度紫外增強(qiáng)型背照式面陣CCD探測(cè)器構(gòu)建了小型化高靈敏度紫外成像光譜儀�？紤]到紫外增強(qiáng)型背照式面陣CCD探測(cè)器在光譜采集過(guò)程中需要將全幀數(shù)據(jù)上傳，對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)乃俣群同F(xiàn)場(chǎng)傳輸距離有較高的要求，因此研究并實(shí)現(xiàn)了基于FPGA的千兆以太網(wǎng)實(shí)現(xiàn)方案，并完成了系統(tǒng)原理樣機(jī)的研制，包括電子學(xué)軟硬件系統(tǒng)、機(jī)械裝配、光學(xué)裝樣，并對(duì)樣機(jī)進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)性能測(cè)試和外景實(shí)驗(yàn)。最后對(duì)課題研究過(guò)程中存在的問(wèn)題做了總結(jié)和分析。 本文研制的紫外成像光譜儀波段范圍為290nm～408nm，能夠工作在全光譜的光譜儀模式以及光譜合并的多通道模式，能夠根據(jù)應(yīng)用需求對(duì)通道帶寬進(jìn)行編程配置；采用千兆以太網(wǎng)的傳輸總線，解決了高速大容量數(shù)據(jù)遠(yuǎn)距離傳輸?shù)膯?wèn)題，為今后進(jìn)一步研究積累了經(jīng)驗(yàn)。論文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)表現(xiàn)在以下幾點(diǎn)： 1）在紫外遙感探測(cè)應(yīng)用需求分析的基礎(chǔ)上，提出了采用“紫外光柵分光組件、高靈敏度紫外增強(qiáng)型面陣CCD探測(cè)器、千兆以太網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸技術(shù)”為核心的紫外成像光譜儀總體方案，通過(guò)紫外光譜靈敏度分析和搭建試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)，論證了采用該系統(tǒng)方案實(shí)現(xiàn)紫外光譜探測(cè)的可行性。 2）通過(guò)研究高靈敏度紫外增強(qiáng)型背照式面陣CCD探測(cè)器的特性，采用探測(cè)器噪聲抑制技術(shù)、片內(nèi)可編程技術(shù)以及多次幀轉(zhuǎn)移技術(shù)等，并結(jié)合紫外光柵分光組件，進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了方案的可行性，獲得了如下主要性能參數(shù)：在290nm~408nm設(shè)計(jì)了7個(gè)探測(cè)波段，實(shí)現(xiàn)的光譜帶寬8nm~30nm，光譜分辨率為0.24nm，靈敏度在一個(gè)太陽(yáng)常數(shù)下達(dá)到了400以上（角分辨率0.18mrad，積分時(shí)間12.7ms），，紫外通道MTF達(dá)到0.2以上。 3）通過(guò)采用基于FPGA實(shí)現(xiàn)千兆以太網(wǎng)的硬件和軟件技術(shù)，系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)200Mbps以上、傳輸距離15米以上的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸，接口靈活方便，更加適用于光譜測(cè)量以及推掃成像過(guò)程中成像系統(tǒng)大量數(shù)據(jù)的上傳，為紫外成像光譜儀進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)數(shù)據(jù)獲取提供了良好的解決方案。
[Abstract]:Imaging spectrometer is an important research field of remote sensing technology at present. Imaging spectrometer can obtain continuous spectral image data. Its hyperspectral resolution is beneficial to the feature analysis of ground object and improves the quantitative level of remote sensing. Ultraviolet detection technology is another important photoelectric detection technology after visible and infrared detection technology. According to the requirements of ultraviolet spectrum radiation characteristics of different targets, UV remote sensing has gradually extended to many fields, such as corona monitoring and other industrial production fields, in the fields of atmospheric environment monitoring, ozone monitoring, ocean oil spill remote sensing, lightning disaster weather prediction, and so on. It has very important application research value. In this paper, the research goal is based on the miniaturization push-sweep ultraviolet imaging spectrometer. Based on the research of the present situation of the ultraviolet spectrometer at home and abroad, the overall technology and key technology of the ultraviolet imaging spectrometer are analyzed and studied. A miniaturized high sensitivity ultraviolet imaging spectrometer was constructed by using ultraviolet grating spectrometer and high sensitivity ultraviolet enhanced backlight array CCD detector. Considering the need to upload the whole frame data in the process of spectrum acquisition by ultraviolet enhanced backlight array CCD detector, there is a high requirement for the speed of data transmission and the transmission distance in the field, So the realization scheme of Gigabit Ethernet based on FPGA is studied and realized, and the prototype of the system principle is developed, including the hardware and software system of electronics, mechanical assembly, optical sample, and the system performance test and the field experiment of the prototype. Finally, the problems in the research process are summarized and analyzed. The ultraviolet imaging spectrometer developed in this paper has a wavelength range of 290 nm ~ 408nm, which can work in the spectrometer mode of full spectrum and multichannel mode of spectrum combination, and can be programmed to configure the channel bandwidth according to the application requirements. By using the transmission bus of gigabit Ethernet, the problem of high speed and large capacity data long-distance transmission is solved, and the experience is accumulated for further research. The innovative points of the thesis are as follows: 1) on the basis of requirement analysis of ultraviolet remote sensing application, a high sensitivity ultraviolet enhanced array CCD detector is proposed. The overall scheme of ultraviolet imaging spectrometer based on gigabit Ethernet data transmission technology is discussed. The feasibility of using this scheme to realize ultraviolet spectrum detection is demonstrated by analyzing the sensitivity of ultraviolet spectrum and setting up an experimental system. 2) by studying the characteristics of high sensitivity UV-enhanced backlight array CCD detector, using detector noise suppression technology, in-chip programmable technology and multi-frame transfer technology, and combining with ultraviolet grating light splitting module, etc. The feasibility of the scheme is further verified and the main performance parameters are obtained as follows: 7 detection bands are designed in 290nm~408nm. The spectral bandwidth is 8 nm ~ 30 nm, the spectral resolution is 0.24 nm, the sensitivity is above 400 (angular resolution 0.18 mrad), the integral time is 12.7 Ms ~ (-1) and the UV channel MTF is more than 0.20 at a solar constant. 3) by adopting the hardware and software technology of gigabit Ethernet based on FPGA, the system can realize the data transmission above 200Mbps and the distance of 15 meters, and the interface is flexible and convenient. It is more suitable for spectral measurement and the uploading of a large amount of data in the imaging system in the process of push-scan imaging, which provides a good solution for the field data acquisition of the ultraviolet imaging spectrometer.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)院研究生院（上海技術(shù)物理研究所）
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP393.11;TH744.1

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