【摘要】：退耕還林工程作為我國(guó)的重點(diǎn)林業(yè)工程,不僅在林業(yè)建設(shè)方面具有重要意義,更是為保護(hù)我國(guó)生態(tài)環(huán)境,維持世界生態(tài)平衡方面做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn),對(duì)我國(guó)生態(tài)建設(shè)具有積極的作用,甚至在推動(dòng)世界的生態(tài)恢復(fù)建設(shè)中都起到了舉足輕重的作用。退耕還林工程是一項(xiàng)復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)工程,不僅涉及范圍廣,而且持續(xù)周期漫長(zhǎng),所需經(jīng)費(fèi)數(shù)目較大,因此退耕還林工程的效益自然而然的就成為我們最關(guān)心的,社會(huì)最關(guān)注的問(wèn)題,因此對(duì)退耕還林工程政策的實(shí)施現(xiàn)狀分析是非常必要的,是工程進(jìn)一步實(shí)施的基礎(chǔ)。本文以國(guó)內(nèi)外退耕還林工程政策的研究進(jìn)展為背景,分析了近年來(lái)河北省退耕還林工程政策的實(shí)施進(jìn)展與發(fā)展?fàn)顩r,并對(duì)河北省退耕還林政策實(shí)施的社會(huì)與生態(tài)環(huán)境效果進(jìn)行了深入研究,利用相關(guān)理論與數(shù)據(jù)的統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)合來(lái)具體分析退耕還林工程區(qū)的耕地資源、退耕還林區(qū)的從業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)狀、退耕還林區(qū)的糧食產(chǎn)量、退耕還林區(qū)農(nóng)民生活水平及退耕還林區(qū)的保育水土質(zhì)量、空氣質(zhì)量、生物多樣性等進(jìn)行分析。經(jīng)過(guò)研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)退耕還林工程對(duì)于上述問(wèn)題起到了一定程度的改善效果。在肯定退耕還林工程對(duì)于工程區(qū)的效果的同時(shí),本文還有針對(duì)性的分析當(dāng)前退耕還林工程政策在實(shí)施過(guò)程中遇到的問(wèn)題,有針對(duì)性的從不同層面提出了進(jìn)一步完善退耕還林工程政策實(shí)施的對(duì)策建議。實(shí)地調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),河北省退耕還林工程政策的實(shí)施已經(jīng)進(jìn)入到鞏固階段,并且取得了很好的成效。但從整體而言,退耕還林工程依然存在著政策制度不完善、成果項(xiàng)目進(jìn)展緩慢、撫育管護(hù)不到位、產(chǎn)業(yè)化水平低、群眾法律意識(shí)淡薄、長(zhǎng)效保障機(jī)制不健全等問(wèn)題。因此本文正是基于對(duì)問(wèn)題及產(chǎn)生原因進(jìn)行深入分析的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合退耕還林政策工程實(shí)踐,提出應(yīng)當(dāng)貫徹十八屆四中全會(huì)精神,出臺(tái)《河北省退耕還林法》;確�，F(xiàn)有效益成果發(fā)揮并提高退耕還林后期資金投入;重視產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整,做好后續(xù)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展工作;提高撫育管護(hù)水平;健全項(xiàng)目管理機(jī)制與補(bǔ)償機(jī)制;依法治林,建設(shè)法治林業(yè);發(fā)揮政府職能,為鞏固成果提供長(zhǎng)效保障等多項(xiàng)建議。結(jié)論部分總結(jié)了全文的主要內(nèi)容及主要觀點(diǎn),分析了本文研究的不足,并提出下一步研究的努力方向。本文認(rèn)為,退耕還林工程政策在對(duì)改善退耕還林區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境、社會(huì)環(huán)境等方面做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn),政策落實(shí)的好壞直接關(guān)系到退耕還林群眾的切身利益,直接關(guān)系到當(dāng)?shù)厣鐣?huì)的和諧發(fā)展。以自然學(xué)科和人文學(xué)科相結(jié)合的方法,以河北省作為研究的范圍對(duì)退耕還林政策工程政策實(shí)施的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析并是本文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)所在。
[Abstract]:As a key forestry project in our country, the project of returning cropland to forest not only plays an important role in forestry construction, but also contributes greatly to the protection of our ecological environment and the maintenance of ecological balance in the world. It plays an active role in the ecological construction of our country, and even plays an important role in promoting the ecological restoration in the world. The project of returning cropland to forest is a complex systematic project, which not only involves a wide range, but also lasts a long period and requires a large amount of funds. Therefore, the benefits of the conversion of cropland to forestry naturally become our most concerned. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the present situation of the policy of returning cropland to forest, which is the basis of further implementation of the project. Based on the research progress of the policy of returning cropland to forest at home and abroad, this paper analyzes the progress and development of the policy of returning cropland to forest in Hebei Province in recent years. The social and ecological environmental effects of the policy of returning cropland to forest in Hebei Province are studied in depth. By combining relevant theories and statistics, the paper analyzes the current situation of cultivated land resources and the employment structure in the area of returning cropland to forest. The grain yield, farmers' living standard, soil and water conservation quality, air quality, biodiversity and so on were analyzed. Through research, it is found that the project of returning cropland to forest has improved the above problems to a certain extent. While affirming the effect of the conversion of cropland to forest project to the engineering area, this paper also analyzes the problems encountered in the implementation of the current policy of returning cropland to forest project. The countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to further improve the implementation of the policy of returning farmland to forestry from different aspects. The field investigation shows that the policy of returning cropland to forest in Hebei Province has entered the stage of consolidation and has achieved good results. But on the whole, the project of returning cropland to forest still has some problems, such as the imperfect policy system, the slow progress of the project, the low level of industrialization, the weak legal consciousness of the masses and the imperfect long-term guarantee mechanism. Therefore, based on the in-depth analysis of the problems and the causes, and combining the practice of the policy of returning farmland to forests, this paper puts forward that the spirit of the fourth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee should be carried out. The law of returning cropland to forestry in Hebei Province was introduced to ensure that the existing benefits were brought into play and the investment of funds was raised in the later stage of returning cropland to forestry; the adjustment of industrial structure was paid attention to, the development of subsequent industries was done well, the level of upbringing, management and protection was improved. Perfecting project management mechanism and compensation mechanism, managing forest according to law, constructing forestry ruled by law, giving play to government function, providing long-term guarantee for consolidating achievements, and so on. The conclusion part summarizes the main contents and points of view, analyzes the deficiency of this paper, and puts forward the direction of further research. This paper holds that the policy of returning cropland to forest has made great contributions to the improvement of ecological environment and social environment in the area of returning cropland to forest, and the implementation of the policy has a direct bearing on the vital interests of the people returning farmland to forest. It is directly related to the harmonious development of local society. Based on the method of combining nature and humanities and taking Hebei Province as the scope of study, this paper analyzes the present situation of policy implementation of returning cropland to forest and is the innovation point of this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F326.2

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