無源無線多參數(shù)微型傳感器系統(tǒng)研發(fā)
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-13 18:42
【摘要】：射頻識別RID)技術(shù)在過去的幾十年滲透進了社會生活的方方面面,包括門禁管理,物流追蹤,道路收費,國防安全等。然而在許多場合,需要能夠檢測震動、溫度、壓力、濕度等環(huán)境參數(shù)。例如,在密閉油漆噴涂房內(nèi),需要實時控制密閉空間內(nèi)的溫濕壓狀況,以使噴涂效果達到最佳；在旋轉(zhuǎn)的軸承上,置入溫度傳感監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)可以及時發(fā)現(xiàn)生產(chǎn)中存在的隱患。這些需求推動了微傳感器技術(shù)與RFID技術(shù)的結(jié)合,形成了無線傳感監(jiān)控系統(tǒng),也稱為"RFID Sensor"。無線傳感系統(tǒng)在可植入醫(yī)療器械、機械轉(zhuǎn)動結(jié)構(gòu)、密閉工業(yè)環(huán)境監(jiān)測以及惡劣環(huán)境監(jiān)測等方面具有得天獨厚的優(yōu)勢,它在改變傳統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)收集系統(tǒng)的同時也改變?nèi)祟惖纳钌a(chǎn)方式。實現(xiàn)無線傳感系統(tǒng)的途徑既有有源遙測又有無源遙測。有源遙測系統(tǒng)提供了相對較長距離的雙向數(shù)據(jù)傳輸能力,但尺寸比較大,而且受電池使用壽命的限制。無源遙測傳輸距離較短,但是由于內(nèi)部無源,器件理論上可以擁有無限壽命。目前實現(xiàn)無源遙測有兩種方式：一種是將電容式傳感器與微電感串聯(lián)形成LC傳感器節(jié)點,通過檢測LC諧振頻率的變化完成環(huán)境參數(shù)的監(jiān)控。另外一種是將微傳感器與傳感器檢測電路集成,通過電路實現(xiàn)背反射調(diào)制將測量數(shù)據(jù)傳遞給外部。LC無源無線節(jié)點結(jié)構(gòu)簡單,但是需借助外部設(shè)備,且測量距離非常小。本論文設(shè)計出基于背反射調(diào)制的電感耦合式無源無線多傳感器監(jiān)測系統(tǒng),非常適用于密閉空間的環(huán)境監(jiān)測。主要的研究內(nèi)容和創(chuàng)新包括：首先介紹了電感耦合系統(tǒng)的理論基礎(chǔ),比較幾種無源無線傳感器遙測系統(tǒng)優(yōu)缺點。對基于射頻反射調(diào)制的無源無線系統(tǒng)的研究現(xiàn)狀作了分析,為后續(xù)設(shè)計打下理論基礎(chǔ)。然后對基于射頻反射調(diào)制的無源無線系統(tǒng)各個模塊的設(shè)計做了理論分析,并利用軟件進行電路仿真,尋找可行的系統(tǒng)電路實現(xiàn)方法。接著提出了適用于監(jiān)測密閉空間和旋轉(zhuǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)的多個環(huán)境參數(shù)的系統(tǒng),即基于背反射調(diào)制的電感耦合式多參數(shù)傳感器環(huán)境監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)包括兩部分：主系統(tǒng)和次系統(tǒng)。主次系統(tǒng)間通過互耦電感進行能量傳輸和數(shù)據(jù)接收。次系統(tǒng)集成了溫濕壓電容式傳感器,采用松弛振蕩器完成電容-頻率的轉(zhuǎn)換。利用時分復(fù)用電路實現(xiàn)多傳感器的同步測量。將得到的頻率信號調(diào)制主次系統(tǒng)電感上的載波,再由主系統(tǒng)的檢波電路從已調(diào)載波中恢復(fù)頻率信號。從頻率信號中提取時鐘信號,實現(xiàn)異步通信。利用主次電感共振的方式實現(xiàn)最大耦合距離。在完成設(shè)計后,將系統(tǒng)置于密閉的實驗箱中進行溫濕壓測試。測試得到的溫濕壓曲線線性度和可重復(fù)性均良好。由于本系統(tǒng)中的C-f轉(zhuǎn)換是非線性的,對于不同大小的電容式傳感器轉(zhuǎn)換精度不同。溫濕壓傳感器的測量精度分別為0.52kHz/℃,-0.132kHz%RH和-0.156kHz/kPa。在本文的最后對后期工作進行展望,指出可以通過電感設(shè)計和阻抗匹配的方法提高系統(tǒng)的耦合效率,通過增加一個固定參考電容實現(xiàn)差頻測量電容式傳感器的方法,可以減少由于寄生參數(shù)和溫度影響造成的測量誤差,提高傳感器測量精度。后期電路采用集成電路制造,可以大大降低系統(tǒng)的尺寸及功耗,使得系統(tǒng)的耦合距離大大增加,從而在醫(yī)療檢測、工業(yè)控制、食品安全等領(lǐng)域有較為廣闊的發(fā)展空間。
[Abstract]:Radio frequency identification (RID) technology has penetrated into all aspects of social life in the past decades, including access control, logistics tracking, road charging, national defense security, etc. However, in many applications, environmental parameters such as vibration, temperature, pressure, humidity, and the like can be detected. For example, in the closed paint spraying room, it is necessary to control the temperature and humidity pressure in the closed space in real time so as to achieve the best spraying effect; on the rotating bearing, the temperature sensing monitoring system can be put into the temperature sensing monitoring system to find the hidden danger existing in the production. These demands push the combination of the micro-sensor technology and the RFID technology to form a wireless sensor monitoring system, also known as a "RFID Sensor". The wireless sensing system has a unique advantage in the aspects of the implantable medical device, the mechanical rotating structure, the closed industrial environment monitoring and the severe environmental monitoring. The way to realize the wireless sensing system has both active and active telemetry. The active telemetry system provides a relatively long-distance bi-directional data transfer capability, but is large in size and is limited by battery life. The passive telemetry transmission distance is short, but due to internal passive, the device can theoretically have an infinite life. There are two ways to realize passive telemetry: one is to form an LC sensor node in series with the micro-inductor by the capacitive sensor, and the monitoring of the environmental parameters is completed by detecting the change of the LC resonance frequency. In addition, that micro-sensor is integrate with the sensor detection circuit, and the measurement data is transmitted to the outside through the back reflection modulation by the circuit. The LC passive wireless node is simple in structure, but requires the use of external devices and the measurement distance is very small. The paper designs an inductively coupled passive wireless multi-sensor monitoring system based on back reflection modulation, which is very suitable for environmental monitoring of confined space. The main research contents and innovations include: firstly, the theoretical basis of the inductive coupling system is introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of several passive wireless sensor telemetry systems are compared. The research status of passive wireless system based on radio-frequency reflection modulation is analyzed, and a theoretical foundation is laid for the follow-up design. Then, the design of each module of the passive wireless system based on the radio-frequency reflection modulation is analyzed, and the circuit simulation is carried out by using the software, and a feasible system circuit implementation method is found. A system for monitoring a plurality of environmental parameters of a closed space and a rotating structure, that is, an inductively coupled multi-parameter sensor environment monitoring system based on back-reflection modulation, is then proposed. The system includes two parts: a master system and a secondary system. And energy transmission and data reception are carried out between the primary and secondary systems through the mutual coupling inductance. The secondary system integrates the temperature and humidity pressure capacitive sensor, and uses the relaxation oscillator to complete the conversion of the capacitance-frequency. A time division multiplexing circuit is utilized to realize the synchronous measurement of the multi-sensor. The obtained frequency signal is used to modulate the carrier on the primary and secondary system inductance, and the frequency signal is recovered from the modulated carrier by the detection circuit of the main system. The clock signal is extracted from the frequency signal and the asynchronous communication is realized. The maximum coupling distance is realized by means of primary and secondary inductive resonance. After completion of the design, the system was placed in a closed test box for temperature and wet pressure testing. The linearity and repeatability of the temperature and humidity curve obtained by the test are both good. Because the C-f conversion in the system is non-linear, the conversion accuracy of the capacitive sensors of different sizes is different. The measurement accuracy of the temperature and humidity sensor is 0.52 kHz/ 鈩，
本文編號：2498729
[Abstract]:Radio frequency identification (RID) technology has penetrated into all aspects of social life in the past decades, including access control, logistics tracking, road charging, national defense security, etc. However, in many applications, environmental parameters such as vibration, temperature, pressure, humidity, and the like can be detected. For example, in the closed paint spraying room, it is necessary to control the temperature and humidity pressure in the closed space in real time so as to achieve the best spraying effect; on the rotating bearing, the temperature sensing monitoring system can be put into the temperature sensing monitoring system to find the hidden danger existing in the production. These demands push the combination of the micro-sensor technology and the RFID technology to form a wireless sensor monitoring system, also known as a "RFID Sensor". The wireless sensing system has a unique advantage in the aspects of the implantable medical device, the mechanical rotating structure, the closed industrial environment monitoring and the severe environmental monitoring. The way to realize the wireless sensing system has both active and active telemetry. The active telemetry system provides a relatively long-distance bi-directional data transfer capability, but is large in size and is limited by battery life. The passive telemetry transmission distance is short, but due to internal passive, the device can theoretically have an infinite life. There are two ways to realize passive telemetry: one is to form an LC sensor node in series with the micro-inductor by the capacitive sensor, and the monitoring of the environmental parameters is completed by detecting the change of the LC resonance frequency. In addition, that micro-sensor is integrate with the sensor detection circuit, and the measurement data is transmitted to the outside through the back reflection modulation by the circuit. The LC passive wireless node is simple in structure, but requires the use of external devices and the measurement distance is very small. The paper designs an inductively coupled passive wireless multi-sensor monitoring system based on back reflection modulation, which is very suitable for environmental monitoring of confined space. The main research contents and innovations include: firstly, the theoretical basis of the inductive coupling system is introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of several passive wireless sensor telemetry systems are compared. The research status of passive wireless system based on radio-frequency reflection modulation is analyzed, and a theoretical foundation is laid for the follow-up design. Then, the design of each module of the passive wireless system based on the radio-frequency reflection modulation is analyzed, and the circuit simulation is carried out by using the software, and a feasible system circuit implementation method is found. A system for monitoring a plurality of environmental parameters of a closed space and a rotating structure, that is, an inductively coupled multi-parameter sensor environment monitoring system based on back-reflection modulation, is then proposed. The system includes two parts: a master system and a secondary system. And energy transmission and data reception are carried out between the primary and secondary systems through the mutual coupling inductance. The secondary system integrates the temperature and humidity pressure capacitive sensor, and uses the relaxation oscillator to complete the conversion of the capacitance-frequency. A time division multiplexing circuit is utilized to realize the synchronous measurement of the multi-sensor. The obtained frequency signal is used to modulate the carrier on the primary and secondary system inductance, and the frequency signal is recovered from the modulated carrier by the detection circuit of the main system. The clock signal is extracted from the frequency signal and the asynchronous communication is realized. The maximum coupling distance is realized by means of primary and secondary inductive resonance. After completion of the design, the system was placed in a closed test box for temperature and wet pressure testing. The linearity and repeatability of the temperature and humidity curve obtained by the test are both good. Because the C-f conversion in the system is non-linear, the conversion accuracy of the capacitive sensors of different sizes is different. The measurement accuracy of the temperature and humidity sensor is 0.52 kHz/ 鈩，
本文編號：2498729
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