【摘要】：隨著物流業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展及信息一體化的介入,配送環(huán)節(jié)在整個(gè)物流系統(tǒng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中占據(jù)著決定性的作用。運(yùn)輸費(fèi)用占據(jù)著物流費(fèi)用的很大比例,設(shè)計(jì)合理有效的配送方案是降低物流費(fèi)用的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)[1]。對(duì)車輛科學(xué)的使用和調(diào)度可以縮短行駛路徑、節(jié)約物流作業(yè)的時(shí)間、降低物流運(yùn)作的成本,同時(shí)提高物流系統(tǒng)的管理效率、增強(qiáng)客戶對(duì)物流環(huán)節(jié)的滿意度[2]。因此,車輛路徑問(wèn)題(Vehicle Routing Problem,VRP)自從1959年被提出以來(lái),一直成為熱點(diǎn)研究領(lǐng)域[3]。目前在大規(guī)模VRP求解上還有很多問(wèn)題值得探討,為了使算法具有簡(jiǎn)單性有效性,本文以大規(guī)模單車場(chǎng)VRP和大規(guī)模多車場(chǎng)VRP為兩類研究對(duì)象,針對(duì)在解決此類問(wèn)題時(shí)算法較復(fù)雜的問(wèn)題,對(duì)掃描法在VRP中的應(yīng)用和改進(jìn)展開研究。主要工作如下:1.為了解決包含大規(guī)模需求點(diǎn)的VRP中多個(gè)配送中心的選址問(wèn)題,本文基于優(yōu)化的思想,將掃描法應(yīng)用在選址問(wèn)題中提出了二次重心法,建立了一種數(shù)學(xué)模型,并用算例進(jìn)行算法的仿真,驗(yàn)證了本文算法的有效性。2.針對(duì)大規(guī)模單車場(chǎng)和大規(guī)模多車場(chǎng)VRP中需求點(diǎn)覆蓋區(qū)域過(guò)大的問(wèn)題,本文以降低問(wèn)題規(guī)模為階段性目標(biāo),同時(shí)加入“需求點(diǎn)分布”這一考慮因素,設(shè)計(jì)了一種劃分區(qū)域的環(huán)形分區(qū)法,并根據(jù)這種分區(qū)思路給出幾組具體參數(shù)的舉例。3.針對(duì)單車場(chǎng)VRP問(wèn)題,本文結(jié)合環(huán)形分區(qū)法,對(duì)掃描法在單車場(chǎng)VRP中的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行了改進(jìn),提出了一種新算法,并用算例進(jìn)行算法的仿真,對(duì)比了新算法與傳統(tǒng)掃描法的路程結(jié)果,驗(yàn)證了本文算法的有效性。4.針對(duì)多車場(chǎng)VRP問(wèn)題,建立了一種數(shù)學(xué)模型,分別針對(duì)非開放型VRP和開放型VRP問(wèn)題設(shè)計(jì)了兩種掃描法應(yīng)用在此類問(wèn)題中的兩階段算法,并對(duì)比了新算法與傳統(tǒng)兩階段算法的路程結(jié)果,驗(yàn)證了本文算法的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of logistics industry and the involvement of information integration, distribution plays a decisive role in the competition of the whole logistics system. Transportation cost accounts for a large proportion of logistics costs. Designing a reasonable and effective distribution scheme is the key point to reduce logistics costs [1]. The use and scheduling of vehicle science can shorten the driving path, save the time of logistics operation, reduce the cost of logistics operation, at the same time improve the management efficiency of logistics system and enhance the customer's satisfaction with logistics [2]. Therefore, vehicle routing problem (Vehicle Routing Problem,VRP) has been a hot research field since it was proposed in 1959. At present, there are still many problems to be discussed in solving large-scale VRP. In order to make the algorithm simple and effective, this paper takes large-scale single-yard VRP and large-scale multi-depot VRP as two kinds of research objects. In view of the complexity of the algorithm in solving this problem, the application and improvement of scanning method in VRP are studied. The main work is as follows: 1. In order to solve the location problem of multiple distribution centers in VRP with large-scale demand points, based on the idea of optimization, this paper puts forward the secondary center of gravity method and establishes a mathematical model based on the scan method, which is applied to the location problem. A numerical example is used to simulate the algorithm, and the validity of the proposed algorithm is verified. 2. In order to solve the problem of large coverage area of demand point in large-scale single-depot and large-scale multi-depot VRP, this paper takes reducing the problem scale as the stage goal and adding the consideration of "demand point distribution" at the same time. In this paper, a circular partition method for dividing regions is designed, and some examples of some specific parameters are given according to this idea. In order to solve the VRP problem of single vehicle yard, this paper improves the application of scanning method in VRP of single vehicle yard, and presents a new algorithm, and simulates the algorithm with an example, and compares the distance result between the new algorithm and the traditional scanning method, and makes a comparison between the new algorithm and the traditional scanning method, and makes a comparison between the new algorithm and the traditional scanning method. The validity of the proposed algorithm is verified. 4. In this paper, a mathematical model for the multi-depot VRP problem is established, and two-stage algorithms for the non-open VRP problem and the open-type VRP problem are designed, respectively, which are applied to this kind of problem. The results of the new algorithm and the traditional two-stage algorithm are compared to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F259.2;TP301.6

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本文編號(hào)：2466915