【摘要】：鐵路運輸在人類社會生活中占有極為重要的地位,為社會物流和商貿(mào)提供安全、迅速、準確、方便、經(jīng)濟的運輸服務(wù),保障了人民生活的穩(wěn)定和國家經(jīng)濟的持續(xù)發(fā)展。在我國主要有國有鐵路和企業(yè)鐵路之分,其中企業(yè)鐵路是全國運輸系統(tǒng)重要的組成部分,其自備鐵路承擔著主要產(chǎn)品及原材料運輸?shù)娜蝿?wù)�？梢�,一個企業(yè)運輸管理系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)良直接影響著生產(chǎn)效率的高低。隨著近年來計算機技術(shù)和信息技術(shù)的普及,信息化、自動化已經(jīng)成為企業(yè)發(fā)展的必然趨勢。但是縱觀石化企業(yè)的現(xiàn)狀,不難發(fā)現(xiàn)其運輸管理系統(tǒng)存在不少問題,尤其是調(diào)車計劃的編制依舊沿用傳統(tǒng)落后的人工作業(yè)方式,這樣不僅耗費大量人力物力,而且工作效率低下,導(dǎo)致生產(chǎn)無法有序進行,這是目前企業(yè)急需解決的問題。鑒于該領(lǐng)域國內(nèi)外研究情況,以及石化企業(yè)鐵路運輸管理系統(tǒng)存在的問題和陷入的困境,論文在分析企業(yè)自身特點、運輸管理復(fù)雜工作流程、調(diào)車作業(yè)編制原理等內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上,對調(diào)車作業(yè)管理進行優(yōu)化研究,即調(diào)車作業(yè)計劃的優(yōu)化編制。論文首先剖析了課題的研究背景及意義,對企業(yè)鐵路的技術(shù)作業(yè)、石化企業(yè)的具體運輸情況等進行了詳盡的介紹和分析。然后根據(jù)以上信息對調(diào)車作業(yè)計劃的編制進行了優(yōu)化。重點針對調(diào)車計劃解編和取送這兩個子系統(tǒng),建立了科學詳細的數(shù)學模型。解編系統(tǒng)數(shù)學模型包括:(1)調(diào)機最早開始解體時刻,(2)待解時間,(3)列車開始解體時刻,(4)列車開始編組時刻,(5)調(diào)機最遲開始編組時刻,(6)編組完成出發(fā)時刻,(7)待發(fā)時間。取送系統(tǒng)數(shù)學模型采用樹枝形專用線布置形式實現(xiàn),模型包括:(1)取送車次數(shù)的確定,(2)取送車時間間隔,(3)取車等待時間。最后綜合得出系統(tǒng)整體優(yōu)化模型,并選用適合優(yōu)化各類問題的遺傳算法對該模型進行了仿真和優(yōu)化。在以往企業(yè)鐵路運輸管理系統(tǒng)的研究中,極少出現(xiàn)專門針對石化企業(yè)的,而論文特別對石化企業(yè)調(diào)車作業(yè)過程中解編和取送這兩個重要的子系統(tǒng)建立了優(yōu)化模型,進而得到整個作業(yè)計劃優(yōu)化模型,這是在過去的研究中很少出現(xiàn)的。由第五章實例的仿真結(jié)果可以看出,經(jīng)過該模型優(yōu)化后的調(diào)車計劃比傳統(tǒng)的作業(yè)計劃解編和取送車時間有所提前,計劃更加科學合理,一定程度上提高了編制的準確性,并有效提高了運輸調(diào)度的效率,最終實現(xiàn)了課題的優(yōu)化的目的。
[Abstract]:Railway transportation plays an extremely important role in human social life. It provides safe, rapid, accurate, convenient and economical transportation service for social logistics and commerce, which ensures the stability of people's life and the sustainable development of national economy. In China, there are mainly state-owned railways and enterprise railways, among which enterprise railways are an important part of the national transportation system, and their own railways undertake the task of transportation of main products and raw materials. It can be seen that the quality of an enterprise transportation management system directly affects the level of production efficiency. With the popularization of computer technology and information technology in recent years, informatization and automation have become the inevitable trend of enterprise development. However, looking at the present situation of petrochemical enterprises, it is not difficult to find that there are many problems in its transportation management system. Especially, the compilation of shunting plans still follows the traditional backward manual operation method, which not only consumes a lot of manpower and material resources, And the work efficiency is low, cause the production cannot carry on orderly, this is the problem that the enterprise urgently needs to solve at present. In view of the research situation at home and abroad in this field, as well as the existing problems and difficulties of railway transportation management system in petrochemical enterprises, the paper analyzes the characteristics of the enterprise itself and the complex workflow of transportation management. On the basis of the principle of shunting operation, the optimization research of shunting operation management is carried out, that is, the optimization of shunting operation plan. Firstly, the research background and significance of the project are analyzed, and the technical operation of the railway and the transportation of petrochemical enterprises are introduced and analyzed in detail. Then, according to the above information, the operation plan of shunting is optimized. A scientific and detailed mathematical model is established for the two subsystems of shunting plan unmarshalling and take-off. The mathematical model of the unmarshalling system includes: (1) the earliest disintegrating time of the shunting machine, (2) the time to be solved, (3) the beginning of the disintegration of the train, (4) the beginning of the train marshalling, (5) the beginning of the shunting machine at the latest, (6) complete departure time, (7) waiting time. The mathematical model of pick-up and delivery system is implemented in the form of dendritic special line arrangement. The model includes: (1) the determination of the number of times of pick-up and delivery, (2) the interval of pick-up and delivery time, (3) the waiting time of pick-up and delivery. Finally, the overall optimization model of the system is obtained, and the model is simulated and optimized by genetic algorithm which is suitable for all kinds of optimization problems. In the previous research of railway transportation management system in enterprises, there are few special ones aimed at petrochemical enterprises, but the optimization model of the two important subsystems in the process of shunting operation of petrochemical enterprises is established in this paper. Then the optimization model of the whole job plan is obtained, which is seldom seen in the past research. From the simulation results of the fifth chapter, it can be seen that the shunting plan optimized by the model is earlier than the traditional operation plan, and the plan is more scientific and reasonable, and improves the accuracy of compiling to a certain extent. The efficiency of transportation scheduling is improved effectively, and the purpose of optimization of the subject is finally realized.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U292.2

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