【摘要】：氣候問題目前已成為國際社會普遍關注的重大全球性問題,對全球環(huán)境和生態(tài)產(chǎn)生了重大的影響。二氧化碳是造成極端氣候災難事故頻發(fā)的元兇——溫室氣體的重要成分,其主要源自化石燃料的燃燒。就目前而言,我國化石能源的消費量在一次能源的消費總量中仍占據(jù)主導地位,占能源消費結構的90%以上。這導致我國二氧化碳排放呈現(xiàn)出總量大、增長快的趨勢。在哥本哈根氣候變化大會前夕,我國做出承諾：到2020年單位GDP的二氧化碳排放量相比2005年下降40%-45%,這也說明今后十年我國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展都將是一個低碳發(fā)展模式。在企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)與經(jīng)營過程中,物流活動總是發(fā)揮著重要的作用。無論是何種企業(yè),其內部物流活動所消耗的化石能源與碳排放量都十分可觀,因此,企業(yè)物流低碳化也成為了國民經(jīng)濟實現(xiàn)節(jié)能減排目標的重要組成部分。如何將低碳物流與企業(yè)的現(xiàn)實狀況進行結合也成為研究者必須要思考的問題。設施布局規(guī)劃,能夠有效地提高企業(yè)的物流效率、設備利用率、安全生產(chǎn)和生產(chǎn)均衡性,同時也可以從系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃階段就開始推行節(jié)能減排理念,是企業(yè)物流低碳化的重要方法。本文將低碳物流與改進系統(tǒng)布置規(guī)劃方法(SLP)相結合,建立了考慮低碳物流的改進SLP方法。鑒于制造業(yè)是我國碳排放的大戶,我們選擇一家機械制造企業(yè)——B企業(yè)的車間來對該方法進行了實例驗證。在使用改進SLP方法得到車間的改進設施布局方案后,用Enterprise Dynamics軟件進行了仿真模擬和評價,并將低碳物流作為重要的指標,來對改進方案進行了相關的驗證,最終得到了既能提高車間物流效率,又能降低了物流過程中的碳排放量的優(yōu)化方案。本文的創(chuàng)新之處有兩點：一是將低碳物流與改進SLP方法進行了結合,二是使用Enterprise Dynamics軟件對設施布局方案進行了仿真模擬。
[Abstract]:Climate problem has become a major global problem which has been paid attention to by the international community, and has had a great impact on the global environment and ecology. Carbon dioxide, an important component of greenhouse gases, is responsible for the frequent occurrence of extreme climate disasters, mainly from the burning of fossil fuels. At present, the consumption of fossil energy in China still occupies a dominant position in the total consumption of primary energy, accounting for more than 90% of the energy consumption structure. This causes our country carbon dioxide emission to present the big, the fast growth tendency. On the eve of the Copenhagen Climate change Conference, China made a commitment: by 2020, the carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP will be 40 to 45 lower than in 2005, which also indicates that China's economic development will be a low-carbon development model in the next ten years. Logistics activities always play an important role in the production and operation of enterprises. No matter what kind of enterprise, its internal logistics activities consume fossil energy and carbon emissions are very considerable, therefore, enterprise logistics low-carbon has become an important part of the national economy to achieve the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction. How to combine low-carbon logistics with the actual situation of enterprises has also become a problem that researchers must think about. Facility layout planning can effectively improve the logistics efficiency, equipment utilization ratio, safety production and production balance, but also from the system planning stage to implement the concept of energy saving and emission reduction, which is an important method of enterprise logistics low carbonization. In this paper, an improved (SLP) method considering low carbon logistics is established by combining low carbon logistics with improved system layout planning method (SLP). In view of the fact that the manufacturing industry is the major carbon emitter in our country, we choose the workshop of a mechanical manufacturing enterprise, B enterprise, to verify the method. After using the improved SLP method to get the improved facility layout scheme of the workshop, the simulation and evaluation are carried out with the Enterprise Dynamics software, and the low-carbon logistics is regarded as an important index to verify the improved scheme. Finally, the optimization scheme which can not only improve the efficiency of workshop logistics, but also reduce the carbon emissions in the process of logistics is obtained. There are two innovations in this paper: one is to combine low-carbon logistics with improved SLP method, the other is to use Enterprise Dynamics software to simulate the layout of facilities.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F252;F426.4

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本文編號：2372233