【摘要】：汽車行業(yè)的發(fā)展提高了其對整車物流行業(yè)的整體要求,商品車運輸?shù)某杀尽①|(zhì)量、服務(wù)等各項物流指標(biāo)都相應(yīng)提高。由于我國的商品車物流行業(yè)起步較晚,與國外的商品車運輸車比起來,我國的轎運車多為在通用貨車的基礎(chǔ)上改造而成,技術(shù)水平較為落后,主要表現(xiàn)在兩個方面:其一,轎運車自動化水平不高,商品車的裝載方式主要依靠人力手工操作,裝載效率較低;其二,轎運車配載不夠科學(xué),由于裝載人為操作,主要靠個體依據(jù)以往經(jīng)驗進行主觀判斷,缺少科學(xué)方法的引導(dǎo),造成轎運車配載不優(yōu)化,運載工具即轎運車的運力浪費。本文吸取國外轎運車的先進技術(shù),并結(jié)合國內(nèi)轎運車運輸經(jīng)驗,針對國內(nèi)整車物流企業(yè)所面臨的物流成本問題設(shè)計開發(fā)了新型雙層液壓轎運車的車架結(jié)構(gòu),并進行了配載空間的優(yōu)化,以達(dá)到專用轎運車輛的配載水平,使結(jié)構(gòu)更加科學(xué)合理。本文主要的工作內(nèi)容包括以下三個方面:(1)完成新型轎運車車架鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計。在符合我國道路交通對貨運車輛外廓尺寸參數(shù)的要求下,選擇整體式專用汽車列車作為轎運車基本結(jié)構(gòu)形式,確定新型雙層轎運車的結(jié)構(gòu)形式和尺寸參數(shù),使轎運車市場實現(xiàn)了三層疊裝的裝載形式。并且在此基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合CATIA三維建模平臺的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計模塊,創(chuàng)建新型轎運車專用型材庫,建立了新型轎運車三維結(jié)構(gòu)模型,也方便了后續(xù)優(yōu)化的鋼結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)化設(shè)計。(2)對新型轎運車進行了優(yōu)化配載研究。針對國內(nèi)整車物流配載不科學(xué)問題,將服裝下料的二維排樣算法引入到轎運車優(yōu)化配載當(dāng)中來,而這類問題屬于典型的組合優(yōu)化的NP完全問題。利用多邊形運算實現(xiàn)排樣,排樣過程中運用遺傳算法對多邊形空間利用率進行優(yōu)化判斷,通過改變遺傳迭代次數(shù),使整個配載達(dá)到最優(yōu)化。(3)開發(fā)了配載系統(tǒng)的可視化界面。將優(yōu)化配載方案落實到商品車的擺放位置以及角度,并根據(jù)擺放位置及角度坐標(biāo)完成對轎運車貨臺角度擺放,從而完成新型轎運車桁架結(jié)構(gòu)及載貨臺放置。本課題中不僅在液壓雙層轎運車在單位體積裝載商品車數(shù)量及疊裝的裝載方式上,給國內(nèi)現(xiàn)有轎運車市場一個很大的啟示,同時運用服裝下料、零件切割的二維多邊形排樣算法進行了轎運車優(yōu)化配載方面的嘗試,并取得了良好的效果,驗證了其可靠性和實用性。
[Abstract]:The development of automobile industry has raised the overall requirements of the whole automobile logistics industry, and the cost, quality, service and other logistics indexes of the commercial vehicle transportation have been raised accordingly. Because of the late start of the commodity vehicle logistics industry in our country, compared with the foreign commercial vehicle transport vehicle, most of the sedan cars in our country are transformed on the basis of general freight cars, and the technical level is relatively backward, mainly in two aspects: first, The automatization level of sedan car is not high, the loading mode of commercial vehicle mainly depends on manual operation, and the loading efficiency is low. Second, the loading of the sedan car is not scientific enough, because of the artificial operation of the car, the subjective judgment is mainly based on the individual's previous experience, and the lack of scientific method leads to the unoptimization of the loading of the car, and the waste of the carrying capacity of the vehicle. Based on the advanced technology of foreign sedan cars and the experience of domestic sedan car transportation, this paper designs and develops the frame structure of a new double-layer hydraulic sedan carrier in view of the logistics cost problems faced by domestic vehicle logistics enterprises. The loading space is optimized in order to reach the loading level of the special sedan car and make the structure more scientific and reasonable. The main work of this paper includes the following three aspects: (1) complete the design of the new car frame steel structure. In accordance with the requirements of road traffic in China for the external dimension parameters of freight vehicles, the integral special purpose vehicle train is selected as the basic structure form of the sedan car, and the structural form and dimension parameters of the new double-decker sedan car are determined. So that the sedan car market realizes the loading form of three-tier stacking. On this basis, combined with the structural design module of CATIA 3D modeling platform, the special profile library of the new sedan car is established, and the three-dimensional structural model of the new sedan car is established. It also facilitates the parametric design of subsequent optimization of steel structure. (2) the optimal loading of the new sedan car is studied. Aiming at the unscientific problem of domestic vehicle logistics loading, this paper introduces the two-dimensional layout algorithm of garment cutting into the optimal loading of sedan car, and this kind of problem belongs to the typical NP complete problem of combinatorial optimization. In the process of layout, genetic algorithm is used to optimize the polygon space utilization ratio, and the number of genetic iterations is changed. The whole stowage is optimized. (3) the visual interface of the stowage system is developed. The optimal stowage scheme is implemented to the position and angle of the commercial vehicle, and the angle of the platform is arranged according to the position and angle coordinate, so that the new type of truck truss structure and the loading platform are put in place. In this paper, not only in the number of goods loaded per unit volume and the stacking loading mode, but also in the current market of sedan car in China a great inspiration is given to the hydraulic double-decker sedan car, and at the same time, the clothing material is used. The two-dimensional polygonal layout algorithm for cutting parts is used to optimize the loading of sedan car, and good results are obtained, and the reliability and practicability of the algorithm are verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海工程技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U463.84

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陳錦昌,韓鍔春,陳熾坤;優(yōu)化的板材排料問題算法分析[J];工程圖學(xué)學(xué)報;2001年03期

2 金文華,唐衛(wèi)清,唐榮錫;簡單多邊形頂點凸凹性的快速確定算法[J];工程圖學(xué)學(xué)報;1998年01期

3 李虎;霍佳震;陳瑤;;一種求解船舶配載問題的混合遺傳算法[J];工業(yè)工程與管理;2006年03期

4 王耀前,毛思詮,朱光海;CATIA V5在宇通客車底盤上的應(yīng)用[J];CAD/CAM與制造業(yè)信息化;2005年04期

5 路全勝，，馮辛安;平面多邊形凸凹性的角度判別法[J];計算機輔助設(shè)計與制造;1995年02期

6 曹炬,馮松;遺傳算法在矩形件優(yōu)化排樣中的應(yīng)用[J];計算機工程與應(yīng)用;1999年05期

7 梁利東;葉家瑋;;基于遺傳算法的不規(guī)則件優(yōu)化排樣研究[J];計算機工程與應(yīng)用;2009年02期

8 賈志欣;排樣問題的研究現(xiàn)狀與趨勢[J];計算機輔助設(shè)計與圖形學(xué)學(xué)報;2004年07期

9 王志強,洪嘉振,肖立瑾;平面點集凸包的最優(yōu)實時算法[J];計算機學(xué)報;1998年S1期

10 吳承軍;趙新明;宋健;;基于UG的轎運車建模與裝車過程仿真[J];計算機仿真;2006年12期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前8條

1 曾萍;二維不規(guī)則排料問題研究[D];中原工學(xué)院;2011年

2 程暉;基于遺傳模擬退火的服裝排料算法的研究[D];東華大學(xué);2012年

3 陳勇;二維不規(guī)則形優(yōu)化排樣技術(shù)研究[D];浙江大學(xué);2003年

4 楊玉紅;模擬退火算法在服裝排料中的應(yīng)用與研究[D];東華大學(xué);2006年

5 相會財;基于遺傳算法的二維不規(guī)則圖形排料問題的研究與應(yīng)用[D];沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué);2007年

6 李青;二維不規(guī)則零件排樣問題的研究[D];合肥工業(yè)大學(xué);2009年

7 梅彥利;重型液壓組合式半掛車的設(shè)計開發(fā)[D];河北科技大學(xué);2010年

8 徐佳毅;建立整車物流裝運模型及最優(yōu)算法的應(yīng)用研究[D];上海交通大學(xué);2012年

本文編號：2301520