包裝材料及方式對采后櫻桃番茄品質(zhì)的影響
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-14 09:53
【摘要】：櫻桃番茄為呼吸躍變型漿果,營養(yǎng)豐富,風(fēng)味獨(dú)特,而且經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值高。但櫻桃番茄在貨架期容易失水,物流過程中因包裝不適易形成機(jī)械損傷。自發(fā)氣調(diào)包裝因其成本低,操作簡便等特點(diǎn),已成為許多工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)國家果蔬保鮮的重要手段,但長時(shí)間自發(fā)氣調(diào)包裝因濕度過大易導(dǎo)致果蔬發(fā)霉腐爛。減振包裝能降低草莓、梨、蘋果等在運(yùn)輸過程中的機(jī)械損傷,但針對櫻桃番茄的減振包裝研究較少。本文以“千禧”櫻桃番茄為研究材料,分別采用自發(fā)氣調(diào)包裝和減振包裝對其進(jìn)行處理,以探討自發(fā)氣調(diào)包裝對“千禧”櫻桃番茄果萼和果粒的品質(zhì)、抗氧化性及果膠代謝的影響;不同包裝方式對櫻桃番茄物流品質(zhì)的影響。研究結(jié)果如下:1、適宜包裝材料的篩選:比較2種普通保鮮袋(0.03 mm厚的聚乙烯和0.04 mm厚的高密度聚乙烯)和3種抑菌、防霧改性保鮮袋(0.07 mm厚的低密度聚乙烯、0.04 mm厚的低密度聚乙烯和0.07 mm厚的聚乙烯)對櫻桃番茄貨架期(20℃,相對濕度60%-70%)品質(zhì)的影響。結(jié)果得出:第8d時(shí),2種普通保鮮袋處理的櫻桃番茄霉味嚴(yán)重,3種改性保鮮袋處理的櫻桃番茄出現(xiàn)輕微霉味,感官得分別為7.33、7.28和7.80、7.75、7.80,而無包裝組果實(shí)果肉軟化程度嚴(yán)重,表皮暗淡無光,嚴(yán)重影響商品價(jià)值,感官得分降至5.9分;可溶性固形物含量分別為7.59%、7.52%和7.69%、7.62%、7.56%。改性保鮮袋通過形成高CO2低O2濃度的微環(huán)境,不僅能降低櫻桃番茄果實(shí)的失重率、抑制可溶性固形物和可滴定酸的消耗,且抑制果萼黃化、褐變,降低果萼L*值、a*值和葉綠素含量的變化幅度,抑制果粒和果萼MDA含量的上升,延緩果粒L*值的下降和a*值的上升。在改性保鮮袋中,0.07 mm厚的低密度聚乙烯保鮮袋防霧、抑菌效果較佳,且其價(jià)格較另外兩種改性保鮮袋低。2、自發(fā)氣調(diào)包裝對櫻桃番茄抗氧化性及果膠代謝的影響:以1中0.07 mm厚的低密度聚乙烯保鮮袋為包裝材料,對櫻桃番茄進(jìn)行包裝后置于貨架(20℃,相對濕度60%-70%),研究氣調(diào)包裝對櫻桃番茹抗氧化性和果膠代謝的影響。結(jié)果得出:自發(fā)氣調(diào)包裝能有效提高貨架期櫻桃番茄果實(shí)中抗氧化酶如SOD、CAT和APX的活性,從而提高POD的前期活性而降低其后期活性;維持抗氧化物質(zhì)如總酚、類黃酮、番茄紅素和Vc的含量,提高果實(shí)的抗氧化能力(DPPH清除率、鐵離子還原能力、羥自由基清除率);第8 d時(shí),無包裝組和自發(fā)氣調(diào)包裝組的O2-生成速率和H2O2含 分別為996.08 nmol/min.g、751.1 1nmol/min.g 和 65.98 μmol/L、46.21 μmol/L。自發(fā)氣調(diào)包裝能有效抑制櫻桃番茄果實(shí)中PE、PG和CX活性,從而抑制原果膠向可溶性果膠的轉(zhuǎn)化。第8 d時(shí),無包裝組櫻桃番茄果實(shí)原果膠和可溶性果膠的含量分別0.29%、0.18%;氣調(diào)包裝組櫻桃番茄果實(shí)原果膠和可溶性果膠的含量分別0.32%、0.09%。3、不同包裝方式對櫻桃番茄物流品質(zhì)的影響:比較3種小包裝方式(方形果盒+改性保鮮袋+紙箱、方形果盒+改性保鮮袋+泡沫箱、單果果盒+改性保鮮袋+泡沫箱)對櫻桃番茄物流品質(zhì)的影響。結(jié)果表明:運(yùn)輸80 h后,3種包裝方式的裂果率分別為20%、18.33%、3.33%;保鮮袋能顯著降低果實(shí)失重率;單果包裝可以延緩果實(shí)L*值的下降、抑制果實(shí)的呼吸速率,降低呼吸高峰值、抑制質(zhì)構(gòu)品質(zhì)的下降、保持可溶性固形物和Vc的含量、抑制果實(shí)中酚類物質(zhì)和a*值在物流前期的上升和后期的下降;泡沫箱比紙箱能更好地達(dá)到以上作用。比較4種大包裝方式(紙箱+濕報(bào)紙、泡沫箱+濕報(bào)紙、泡沫箱+濕吸水紙、泡沫箱+減振墊+濕吸水紙)對櫻桃番茄物流品質(zhì)的影響。結(jié)果表明:運(yùn)輸80 h后,4種包裝方式的裂果率分別為26.67%、16.67%、13.33%、5%;分層減振包裝能顯著降低果實(shí)失重率;濕吸水紙能達(dá)到濕報(bào)紙降低櫻桃番茄在運(yùn)輸過程中的失重率的作用。分層減振包裝能降低櫻桃番茄果實(shí)在運(yùn)輸過程中的裂果率、延緩果實(shí)L*值的下降、抑制果實(shí)呼吸速率,降低呼吸高峰值、抑制質(zhì)構(gòu)品質(zhì)的下降、保持可溶性固形物和Vc的含量、抑制果實(shí)中酚類物質(zhì)和a*值在運(yùn)輸前期的上升和后期的下降;泡沫箱對以上品質(zhì)的保持優(yōu)于紙箱。綜上所述,可以通過自發(fā)氣調(diào)包裝和減振包裝分別解決櫻桃番茄果實(shí)貨架期失水劣變和運(yùn)輸過程中機(jī)械損傷的問題。
[Abstract]:Cherry tomatoes are breathing climacteric berries with rich nutrients, unique flavor and high economic value. But cherry tomatoes are easy to lose water in shelf life, and are not easy to form mechanical damage in the process of logistics because of packaging. Vibration-absorbing packaging can reduce the mechanical damage of strawberry, pear and apple during transportation, but there is little research on vibration-absorbing packaging of cherry tomato. The effects of spontaneous modified atmosphere packaging on the quality, antioxidant capacity and pectin metabolism of calyx and kernel of "Millennium" cherry tomato were studied. The effects of different packaging methods on the logistics quality of cherry tomato were studied. Density polyethylene (DPE) and three antimicrobial and antifogging modified fresh-keeping bags (LDPE 0.07 mm thick, LDPE 0.04 mm thick and PE 0.07 mm thick) had effects on the quality of cherry tomatoes during shelf life (20 C, 60% - 70% relative humidity). The results showed that: on the 8th day, the fungus taste of cherry tomatoes treated with the two kinds of ordinary fresh-keeping bags was serious, and three kinds of modified fresh-keeping bags were serious. The sensory scores of bagged cherry tomatoes were 7.33,7.28 and 7.80,7.75 and 7.80,7.80,respectively,while those of unpacked cherry tomatoes were 7.59%,7.52% and 7.69%,7.62% and 7.56% respectively. The microenvironment with low O2 concentration could not only reduce the weight loss rate of cherry tomato fruits, but also inhibit the consumption of soluble solids and titratable acids. It could also inhibit the yellowing and browning of calyx, decrease the variation range of L * value, a * value and chlorophyll content of calyx, inhibit the increase of MDA content in fruit grain and calyx, delay the decrease of L * value and the increase of a * value of fruit grain. Among the sex preservation bags, the 0.07 mm low density polyethylene preservation bags had better antifogging and antimicrobial effect, and the price was lower than the other two kinds of modified bags. The effects of spontaneous modified atmosphere packaging on the antioxidant capacity and pectin metabolism of cherry tomatoes were studied. The effects of modified atmosphere packaging on antioxidant activity and pectin metabolism of cherry tomato fruits were studied in shelves (20 C, relative humidity 60%-70%). The contents of total phenols, flavonoids, lycopene and Vc increased the antioxidant capacity of fruits (DPPH scavenging rate, iron ion reducing capacity, hydroxyl radical scavenging rate); on the 8th day, the O2-production rate and H2O2 content of unpacked and spontaneously controlled atmosphere packaging groups were 996.08 nmol/min.g, 751.11 nmol/min.g and 65.98 micromol/L, 46.21 micromol/L, respectively. On the 8th day, the contents of protopectin and soluble pectin were 0.29% and 0.18% respectively in the unpacked group, and 0.32% and 0.09% respectively in the modified atmosphere packaging group. The effects of packaging methods on the logistics quality of cherry tomato were compared. The results showed that after 80 hours of transportation, the cracking rate of the three packaging methods were 20% and 18.33%, respectively. (3.33%); fresh-keeping bags can significantly reduce the fruit weight loss rate; single fruit packaging can delay the decline of fruit L * value, inhibit the respiration rate, reduce the peak respiration rate, inhibit the decline of texture quality, maintain the content of soluble solids and VC, inhibit the increase of phenolic substances and a * value in the early and late stages of the logistics; The results showed that after 80 hours of transportation, the fruit cracking rates of the four packing methods were 26.67%, 16.67%, 13.33% and 5%, respectively. Layered damping packaging can reduce the rate of fruit cracking, delay the decrease of L * value, inhibit the respiration rate, reduce the peak value of respiration and inhibit the decline of texture quality of cherry tomato. To sum up, we can solve the problem of dehydration of cherry tomato fruits in shelf life and the problem of machinery during transportation by spontaneous controlled atmosphere packaging and vibration packaging. The problem of injury.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TS255.3;TS206
[Abstract]:Cherry tomatoes are breathing climacteric berries with rich nutrients, unique flavor and high economic value. But cherry tomatoes are easy to lose water in shelf life, and are not easy to form mechanical damage in the process of logistics because of packaging. Vibration-absorbing packaging can reduce the mechanical damage of strawberry, pear and apple during transportation, but there is little research on vibration-absorbing packaging of cherry tomato. The effects of spontaneous modified atmosphere packaging on the quality, antioxidant capacity and pectin metabolism of calyx and kernel of "Millennium" cherry tomato were studied. The effects of different packaging methods on the logistics quality of cherry tomato were studied. Density polyethylene (DPE) and three antimicrobial and antifogging modified fresh-keeping bags (LDPE 0.07 mm thick, LDPE 0.04 mm thick and PE 0.07 mm thick) had effects on the quality of cherry tomatoes during shelf life (20 C, 60% - 70% relative humidity). The results showed that: on the 8th day, the fungus taste of cherry tomatoes treated with the two kinds of ordinary fresh-keeping bags was serious, and three kinds of modified fresh-keeping bags were serious. The sensory scores of bagged cherry tomatoes were 7.33,7.28 and 7.80,7.75 and 7.80,7.80,respectively,while those of unpacked cherry tomatoes were 7.59%,7.52% and 7.69%,7.62% and 7.56% respectively. The microenvironment with low O2 concentration could not only reduce the weight loss rate of cherry tomato fruits, but also inhibit the consumption of soluble solids and titratable acids. It could also inhibit the yellowing and browning of calyx, decrease the variation range of L * value, a * value and chlorophyll content of calyx, inhibit the increase of MDA content in fruit grain and calyx, delay the decrease of L * value and the increase of a * value of fruit grain. Among the sex preservation bags, the 0.07 mm low density polyethylene preservation bags had better antifogging and antimicrobial effect, and the price was lower than the other two kinds of modified bags. The effects of spontaneous modified atmosphere packaging on the antioxidant capacity and pectin metabolism of cherry tomatoes were studied. The effects of modified atmosphere packaging on antioxidant activity and pectin metabolism of cherry tomato fruits were studied in shelves (20 C, relative humidity 60%-70%). The contents of total phenols, flavonoids, lycopene and Vc increased the antioxidant capacity of fruits (DPPH scavenging rate, iron ion reducing capacity, hydroxyl radical scavenging rate); on the 8th day, the O2-production rate and H2O2 content of unpacked and spontaneously controlled atmosphere packaging groups were 996.08 nmol/min.g, 751.11 nmol/min.g and 65.98 micromol/L, 46.21 micromol/L, respectively. On the 8th day, the contents of protopectin and soluble pectin were 0.29% and 0.18% respectively in the unpacked group, and 0.32% and 0.09% respectively in the modified atmosphere packaging group. The effects of packaging methods on the logistics quality of cherry tomato were compared. The results showed that after 80 hours of transportation, the cracking rate of the three packaging methods were 20% and 18.33%, respectively. (3.33%); fresh-keeping bags can significantly reduce the fruit weight loss rate; single fruit packaging can delay the decline of fruit L * value, inhibit the respiration rate, reduce the peak respiration rate, inhibit the decline of texture quality, maintain the content of soluble solids and VC, inhibit the increase of phenolic substances and a * value in the early and late stages of the logistics; The results showed that after 80 hours of transportation, the fruit cracking rates of the four packing methods were 26.67%, 16.67%, 13.33% and 5%, respectively. Layered damping packaging can reduce the rate of fruit cracking, delay the decrease of L * value, inhibit the respiration rate, reduce the peak value of respiration and inhibit the decline of texture quality of cherry tomato. To sum up, we can solve the problem of dehydration of cherry tomato fruits in shelf life and the problem of machinery during transportation by spontaneous controlled atmosphere packaging and vibration packaging. The problem of injury.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TS255.3;TS206
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 蔣寶;;運(yùn)輸振動(dòng)損傷及其對果實(shí)采后生理特性與品質(zhì)影響的研究進(jìn)展[J];食品與機(jī)械;2016年12期
2 王羽;梁敏;齊小晶;劉林林;胡獻(xiàn)澤;李見森;董同力嘎;;包裝材料對櫻桃番茄氣調(diào)保鮮效果的影響[J];包裝工程;2016年19期
3 周秋陽;趙利;濮楊;徐敏;周俊波;陳學(xué)紅;;高O_2結(jié)合高CO_2氣調(diào)包裝對綠蘆筍抗氧化活性的影響[J];食品科技;2016年05期
4 雷靜;張娜;閻瑞香;許立興;李瑩;關(guān)文強(qiáng);;LED紅藍(lán)弱光照射保持櫻桃番茄冷庫貯藏品質(zhì)[J];農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報(bào);2016年09期
5 閆凱亞;何葉子;張敏;;包裝方式對西蘭花物流保鮮品質(zhì)的影響[J];食品與機(jī)械;2016年04期
6 李文生;王寶剛;侯玉茹;苗飛;;物流環(huán)境對櫻桃品質(zhì)影響研究[J];包裝工程;2016年07期
7 曾媛媛;王錫昌;周然;宋U單，
本文編號(hào)：2182487
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/guanlilunwen/wuliuguanlilunwen/2182487.html
最近更新
教材專著
