本文選題：物流服務(wù) + 需求傳遞理論　； 參考：《中國鐵道科學(xué)研究院》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：經(jīng)濟(jì)新常態(tài)下,鐵路大宗運(yùn)輸需求增長乏力,白貨物流由于服務(wù)時(shí)效性、可靠性、經(jīng)濟(jì)性與公路相比優(yōu)勢不足,導(dǎo)致貨源流失嚴(yán)重。尤其是進(jìn)入2015年,日裝車最低不足11萬車,鐵路經(jīng)營面臨巨大壓力,形勢倒逼鐵路加快向現(xiàn)代物流企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型。作為典型的服務(wù)型企業(yè),建立符合鐵路物流特點(diǎn)的服務(wù)設(shè)計(jì)理論,以客戶需求為導(dǎo)向設(shè)計(jì)高品質(zhì)、低成本和及時(shí)性的物流服務(wù)方案,是塑造鐵路物流核心競爭力的關(guān)鍵所在。其中,鐵路物流服務(wù)方案設(shè)計(jì)的核心是客戶需求傳遞,鐵路既有經(jīng)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)方法傳遞機(jī)理不清、量化能力弱,難以解決需求準(zhǔn)確傳遞和質(zhì)量有效控制的問題。對(duì)此,本文立足構(gòu)建鐵路物流服務(wù)設(shè)計(jì)理論架構(gòu),提出客戶需求傳遞、物流服務(wù)方案生成兩個(gè)基本問題,著重研究物流活動(dòng)描述、需求傳遞方法、功能措施配置、服務(wù)方案集成、服務(wù)方案評(píng)價(jià)等關(guān)鍵技術(shù),實(shí)現(xiàn)客戶需求與物流資源的最佳結(jié)合,提高設(shè)計(jì)效率和方案可靠性。主要從以下四個(gè)方面展開研究：(1)基于公理化設(shè)計(jì)理論,研究鐵路物流服務(wù)需求傳遞過程,建立鐵路物流需求傳遞理論。歸納總結(jié)了鐵路物流需求、功能、參數(shù)、措施的基本類型及屬性,建立了需求傳遞的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化語言；提出域的單元化建模方法,重點(diǎn)建立服務(wù)方案集成模型,確定基于功能單元措施配置的服務(wù)方案集成模式；基于“需求映射-功能映射-過程映射”映射方法,實(shí)現(xiàn)物流需求向功能結(jié)構(gòu)、設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)和服務(wù)方案的逐步傳遞和轉(zhuǎn)化。(2)研究了基于粒計(jì)算的鐵路物流功能單元措施配置問題。采用質(zhì)量功能配置QFD (Quality Function Deployment)將用戶需求轉(zhuǎn)化為產(chǎn)品功能特性要求,從組織方式、設(shè)備類型、作業(yè)時(shí)間和成本四方面,構(gòu)建需求、功能、參數(shù)和措施單元數(shù)據(jù)庫；根據(jù)功能單元多屬性特征,建立措施配置的多屬性群決策基本模型；為克服主觀賦權(quán)、信息損益問題,建立基于幾何空間粒計(jì)算優(yōu)化模型,進(jìn)而提出單參數(shù)環(huán)境下、多參數(shù)環(huán)境下物流功能單元措施配置方法。(3)研究了鐵路物流整體服務(wù)方案集成和評(píng)價(jià)問題。為保證集成方案的有效性,建立了方案集成機(jī)制、集成流程,提出基于同質(zhì)性檢驗(yàn)和有限偏差檢驗(yàn)方法及規(guī)則；歸納提出貨損貨差、運(yùn)到晚點(diǎn)、產(chǎn)品不合格等失效模式,并據(jù)此提出了安全可靠度、時(shí)間可靠度、產(chǎn)品不合格率、經(jīng)濟(jì)性等指標(biāo)及計(jì)算方法；設(shè)計(jì)基于AHP的權(quán)重計(jì)算方法和歸一化評(píng)價(jià)方法,通過綜合指標(biāo)計(jì)算與排序?qū)崿F(xiàn)整體方案比選決策。(4)對(duì)兩地間實(shí)際客戶“門到門”物流需求進(jìn)行方案研究試算。通過構(gòu)建基礎(chǔ)單元與服務(wù)質(zhì)量屋構(gòu)建、功能單元措施配置、方案集成檢驗(yàn),最后得到了滿足客戶需求的整體服務(wù)方案。案例研究表明,本文理論方法具有一定科學(xué)性和實(shí)用性。本文豐富與完善了鐵路物流服務(wù)設(shè)計(jì)理論,并且從實(shí)踐上能夠指導(dǎo)鐵路物流服務(wù)方案設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)踐,避免了以往方案設(shè)計(jì)過度依賴經(jīng)驗(yàn)、定性決策等問題,為鐵路承攬物流外包業(yè)務(wù)、增強(qiáng)核心競爭力提供支撐。
[Abstract]:Under the new normal state of the economy, the demand for the bulk transport of railway transportation is weak, and the advantages of the white goods logistics, due to the shortage of service time, reliability and economy, lead to the serious loss of the source of goods. Especially in 2015, the minimum 110 thousand cars are not enough to load the car, the railway operation is under great pressure, and the situation is forced to speed up the transformation of the railway to the modern logistics enterprise. As a typical service enterprise, establishing service design theory which meets the characteristics of railway logistics, designing high quality, low cost and timeliness of logistics service plan based on customer demand is the key to mold the core competitiveness of railway logistics. The transfer mechanism of experiential design method is not clear and the quantitative ability is weak. It is difficult to solve the problem of accurate transfer of demand and effective control of quality. This paper is based on the construction of the theoretical framework of railway logistics service design, put forward two basic problems of customer demand transfer and logistics service scheme generation, focusing on the description of logistics activities, the method of demand transfer and work. The key technologies such as the configuration of the measures, the integration of service scheme, the evaluation of the service scheme, and the best combination of the customer needs and the logistics resources, and the improvement of the design efficiency and the reliability of the scheme are carried out in the following four aspects: (1) based on the theory of axiomatic design, the transfer process of railway logistics service demand is studied, and the demand transmission of railway logistics is established. It summarizes the basic types and attributes of railway logistics requirements, functions, parameters and measures, establishes a standardized language for demand transfer, puts forward a modular method of domain modeling, focuses on establishing a service scheme integration model, and determines a service scheme integration model based on the configuration of functional unit measures; based on the "demand mapping - functional projection" The method of mapping process mapping is used to realize the gradual transfer and transformation of logistics requirements to functional structure, design parameters and service schemes. (2) the problem of measures configuration of railway logistics functional units based on grain computing is studied. The quality function configuration QFD (Quality Function Deployment) is used to transform user needs into product functional requirements, From four aspects of organization mode, equipment type, operation time and cost, the database of demand, function, parameter and measure unit is constructed. Based on the multi attribute features of functional units, the basic model of multi attribute group decision is set up, and the optimization model based on geometric space particle calculation is established to overcome the subjective empowerment and information loss and profit. In a single parameter environment, the method of allocation of logistics function unit measures under multi parameter environment. (3) the problem of integration and evaluation of the overall service scheme of railway logistics is studied. In order to ensure the effectiveness of the integrated scheme, a scheme integration mechanism and integrated flow are set up, and the methods and rules based on homogeneity test and finite deviation test are put forward. Loss of goods, transportation to late, product disqualification and other failure modes, and accordingly put forward safety reliability, time reliability, product disqualification rate, economy and other indicators and calculation methods, design based on AHP weight calculation method and normalization evaluation method, through comprehensive index calculation and sorting to achieve the overall scheme comparison decision. (4) between the two places The actual customer "door to door" logistics demand for the project research trial calculation. Through the construction of basic unit and quality of service building, functional unit measures configuration, scheme integration test, and finally get the overall service plan to meet customer needs. Case study shows that the theoretical formula is scientific and practical. This paper is rich in this paper. The theory of railway logistics service design has been perfected, and it can guide the practice of railway logistics service scheme design in practice, and avoid the problems of excessive dependence on experience and qualitative decision making in the past plan design, and provide support for railway outsourcing business and strengthening the core competitiveness.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國鐵道科學(xué)研究院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U294

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相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

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3 王奎林;鐵路貨物門到門運(yùn)輸相關(guān)問題研究[D];西南交通大學(xué);2014年

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本文編號(hào)：1843810