本文選題：鋁合金　切入點(diǎn)：熔體制備供應(yīng)　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：“能耗測量及能耗級別標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化”是近年來根據(jù)我國為“發(fā)展能源高效利用技術(shù)、加強(qiáng)能耗管理,實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)能增效”提出的,以期為各領(lǐng)域單產(chǎn)能耗提供測量依據(jù)和評價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。但我國鋁壓鑄業(yè)的“熔體制備供應(yīng)工序”能耗的測量及評價(jià)方法迄今仍然缺失。為了推動(dòng)我國壓鑄鋁合金熔體制備供應(yīng)過程能耗的檢測與評價(jià)體系建設(shè),本文在對壓鑄鋁合金熔煉理論能耗進(jìn)行熱力學(xué)計(jì)算,深入現(xiàn)場考察壓鑄鋁合金熔體制備供應(yīng)現(xiàn)行模式各工部(即:鋁合金爐料熔化、熔體精煉、熔體轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)及保溫澆注)實(shí)施狀況、記錄能耗數(shù)據(jù)、分析耗能機(jī)制的同時(shí),提出了各工序能耗的評價(jià)方法,甄別最具節(jié)能潛力的工藝環(huán)節(jié),以期為日后研究節(jié)能技術(shù)、建立能耗測量評價(jià)方法提供數(shù)據(jù)支持;最后,作者提出了“壓鑄鋁合金熔體制備供應(yīng)一體化”思路,并在一個(gè)爐型上考核其節(jié)能潛力。上述研究的主要結(jié)論如下:①確定鋁合金熔體制備供應(yīng)全過程的熱收入為:燃料燃燒熱(電能)和元素氧化反應(yīng)熱,熱支出為:鋁合金熔體、煙氣和爐渣物理熱,爐門輻射熱和爐墻輻射對流散熱及爐料和熔體物流耗能;并根據(jù)能量守恒定律建立了鋁合金熔體制備供應(yīng)的熱平衡模型;②除鋁合金熔體在工部間轉(zhuǎn)移產(chǎn)生的能耗和熱損失外,現(xiàn)行鋁合金熔體制備工藝模式的主要耗能設(shè)備為集中熔化爐、精煉爐及保溫爐,其能耗分別占總能耗的73%、5%、22%;③集中熔化爐的能耗約為噸熔體75m3標(biāo)準(zhǔn)立方米天然氣,其中有效利用的熱能占燃料燃燒熱的44%,而排放煙氣物理熱占35%,爐壁散熱占8%,爐渣物理熱和爐門輻射散熱較小,分別為2%和4%;④理論上,鋁合金熔體在精煉爐和保溫爐中溫度不發(fā)生變化,因此精煉爐和保溫爐的熱效率均為0,精煉爐的熱損失分布主要是爐渣物理熱7%,爐門輻射散熱23%,排放煙氣物理熱38%,爐墻散熱21%;保溫爐的熱損失分布主要是爐渣物理熱0.5%,爐門輻射散熱23%,排放煙氣物理熱35%,爐墻散熱24.5%;⑤根據(jù)現(xiàn)行鋁合金熔體制備供應(yīng)過程能耗分布以及設(shè)備能耗分布的特點(diǎn),提出了“一體化鋁合金熔體制備供應(yīng)”的構(gòu)思,即:在單一熔體制備供應(yīng)設(shè)備中實(shí)現(xiàn)“加料、熔化、精煉、保溫、澆注”。這不僅能消除物流能耗和熔體轉(zhuǎn)移熱損失,還會(huì)減少煙氣排放、爐門數(shù)量和爐體總表面積,進(jìn)而實(shí)現(xiàn)顯著節(jié)能;⑥采用比例燃燒和蓄熱燃燒技術(shù),將煙氣排放溫度降低至150oC后,每小時(shí)供液能力為1.5t的“一體爐”制備供應(yīng)一噸鋁合金熔體僅耗54m3標(biāo)準(zhǔn)立方米天然氣,和現(xiàn)行鋁合金熔體制備供應(yīng)過程的能耗相比,降低了47.6%。
[Abstract]:In recent years, "Energy consumption Measurement and Energy Grade Standardization" has been put forward for the purpose of "developing energy efficient utilization technology, strengthening energy consumption management, realizing energy saving and increasing efficiency" in our country. In order to provide the measurement basis and evaluation standard for energy consumption per unit yield in various fields, however, the method of measuring and evaluating the energy consumption of "melt preparation supply process" in China's aluminum die casting industry is still missing. In order to promote the melt of die casting aluminum alloy in China, the method of measuring and evaluating energy consumption is still missing. Construction of energy consumption detection and evaluation system for manufacturing and supply process, In this paper, the thermodynamic calculation of the theoretical energy consumption of die-casting aluminum alloy melting is carried out, and the various parts of die casting aluminum alloy melt preparation and supply mode (I. e., aluminum alloy charge melting, melt refining) are investigated in the field. While recording the energy consumption data and analyzing the energy consumption mechanism, the evaluation method of energy consumption in each process is put forward, and the process with the most potential energy saving is identified in order to study the energy saving technology in the future. The method of energy consumption measurement and evaluation was established to provide data support. Finally, the author put forward the idea of "integration of preparation and supply of die cast aluminum alloy melt". The main conclusions of the above research are as follows: 1. The heat income of the whole process of aluminum alloy melt preparation and supply is determined as follows: fuel combustion heat (electric energy) and elemental oxidation reaction heat, and the heat expenditure is aluminum alloy melt. Physical heat of flue gas and slag, radiant heat of furnace door and radiation convection of furnace wall, energy consumption of charge and melt flow; According to the law of conservation of energy, the heat balance model for the preparation and supply of aluminum alloy melt is established except for the energy consumption and heat loss caused by the transfer of aluminum alloy melt between the parts of the aluminum alloy. The main energy consuming equipments in the current process mode of aluminum alloy melt preparation are concentrated melting furnace, refining furnace and heat preservation furnace. Their energy consumption accounts for 73% of the total energy consumption respectively. The energy consumption of the furnace is about the 75m3 standard cubic meter of natural gas. The effective utilization of heat energy accounts for 44% of the combustion heat of fuel, while the physical heat of flue gas is 35%, the heat dissipation of furnace wall is 8%, and the physical heat of slag and the radiative heat of furnace door are smaller, which are 2% and 4% respectively. The temperature of aluminum alloy melt does not change in refining furnace and heat preservation furnace. Therefore, the thermal efficiency of refining furnace and heat preservation furnace are both 0. The heat loss distribution of refining furnace is mainly about slag physical heat distribution, furnace door radiating heat dissipation is 23, flue gas physical heat dissipation is 38, wall heat dissipation is 21, heat loss distribution of heat preservation furnace is mainly slag physics. Heat 0.5, furnace door radiative heat dissipation 23, flue gas physical heat 35, furnace wall heat dissipation 24.5. according to the characteristics of energy consumption distribution and equipment energy consumption distribution in the current aluminum alloy melt preparation process, The idea of "integrated melt preparation supply" is put forward, that is, to realize "feeding, melting, refining, heat preservation and pouring" in a single melt preparation supply equipment, which can not only eliminate the loss of material flow energy consumption and melt transfer heat. It can also reduce flue gas emissions, the number of furnace doors and the total surface area of the furnace body, thus achieving significant energy saving. By adopting proportional combustion and regenerative combustion technology, the flue gas discharge temperature will be reduced to 150oC. One ton of aluminum alloy melt supplied by "one body furnace" with 1.5 t per hour liquid supply only consumes 54m3 standard cubic meter of natural gas, compared with the energy consumption of current aluminum alloy melt preparation supply process, the energy consumption is reduced by 47.6%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TG292

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本文編號(hào)：1662935