本文選題：一般化的方向距離函數(GDDF)　切入點：數據包絡分析(DEA)排放量估算　出處：《中國科學技術大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：在經濟與全球貿易一體化的今天,港口作為國際物流的一個特殊節(jié)點,對國際貿易及交通物流業(yè)的發(fā)展具有重大意義。我國港口發(fā)展迅速,全球十大港口有七個在中國,世界前二十大港口中,中國占了十席。而我國港口環(huán)境污染尤其是船舶廢氣污染嚴重危害周邊居民的健康與影響全球氣候的變化。 在全球能源危機和環(huán)境惡化的新形勢下,建設綠色港口已成為國際港口界共同追求的發(fā)展目標。近年來,國外先進港口都將綠色港口理念融入其發(fā)展過程中,并且取得了巨大的成就。我國也越來越重視港口綠色化、生態(tài)化建設,制定了《綠色港口等級評價標準》,在《關于推進港口轉型升級的指導意見》中提出了建立綠色安全港口服務體系的要求,而且國家的“十一五規(guī)劃”與“十二五規(guī)劃”中指出要建立資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型社會,并進一步提出了節(jié)能減排要求。港口的效率評價尤其是包含非期望環(huán)境產出的綜合效率評價具有必要性與緊迫性。 在港口經濟發(fā)展越發(fā)重要,綠色港口建設已成趨勢,而很少文獻涉及港口環(huán)境效率評價�；诖�,本文將港口的非期望環(huán)境產出考慮在內,基于GDDF模型與對分屬于五大港口群的21個沿海港口2008-2012年的技術效率及綜合(環(huán)境)效率進行了研究�；诔绦蜻\行數據,依次對五大港口群技術效率與綜合效率值及其變化趨勢、21個沿海港口的技術效率與綜合效率值及其變化趨勢及單個沿海港口綜合效率平均值進行了具體分析。之后,作出了投入產出的冗余分析,并將技術效率與綜合效率趨勢進行對比分析。經過研究分析可以得出(1)五大港口群區(qū)域效率差距顯著,環(huán)渤海港口群、長三角地區(qū)港口群技術效率與綜合效率值都較高,西南沿海港口群、東南沿海地區(qū)港口群與珠江三角洲地區(qū)港口群效率表現較差,整體呈現“北強南弱”局面。(2)沿海港口整體效率分析中,2008-2012年五年間,21個港口的技術效率大致呈上升走勢,其中,日照港五年增長率最高為279.28%,秦皇島港五年增長率最低為-5.67%；2008-2012年,21個沿海港口綜合效率大體呈走低趨勢,其中,天津港五年增長率最高為18.56%,而青島港的五年增長率最低為-62.55%。(3)技術效率與綜合效率排名差距很大,綜合效率值較高,且其數據方差小,數據分布集中,更適合用于港口整體表現水平的評價。(4)單個港口綜合效率5年平均值,大致分為四個梯隊,21個港口效率差距很大,普遍存在投入過多,資源浪費的現象。(5)港口冗余分析得出,環(huán)渤海港口群與長三角地區(qū)港口群需要減少的投入比例較小,而其他三個港口群需減少的投入比例較大,比如珠海港,為了達到綜合效率有效前沿面,分別需要減少0.76%的生產用碼頭長度和76.49%的生產用泊位個數。
[Abstract]:With the integration of economy and global trade, ports, as a special node of international logistics, are of great significance to the development of international trade and transportation logistics. Among the top 20 ports in the world, China occupies ten places. The pollution of port environment, especially the pollution of ship exhaust, seriously endangers the health of the surrounding residents and affects the global climate change. Under the new situation of global energy crisis and environmental deterioration, the construction of green port has become the common goal of the international port community. In recent years, advanced foreign ports have integrated the concept of green port into their development process. And has made great achievements. Our country has also paid more and more attention to the green and ecological construction of ports. The evaluation standard of green port grade was formulated, and the requirements of establishing a green and secure port service system were put forward in the guiding opinion on promoting port transformation and upgrading. Moreover, in the 11th Five-Year Plan and the 12th Five-Year Plan of the country, it is pointed out that a resource-saving and environment-friendly society should be established. Furthermore, the requirements of energy saving and emission reduction are put forward. It is necessary and urgent to evaluate the efficiency of the port, especially the comprehensive efficiency evaluation which includes the non-expected environmental output. With the development of port economy becoming more and more important, the construction of green port has become a trend, and there are few literatures on the evaluation of port environmental efficiency. Based on this, this paper takes the unexpected environmental output of port into account. Based on the GDDF model, the technical efficiency and integrated (environmental) efficiency of 21 coastal ports belonging to five major port groups from 2008 to 2012 are studied. The technical efficiency and comprehensive efficiency of five major port groups and their changing trend are analyzed in turn, the technical efficiency and comprehensive efficiency of 21 coastal ports and the average value of comprehensive efficiency of a single coastal port are analyzed in detail. The redundancy analysis of input-output is made, and the trend of technical efficiency and comprehensive efficiency is compared and analyzed. Through the research and analysis, it can be concluded that the regional efficiency gap of the five major port groups is significant, and the port group around Bohai Sea, The technical efficiency and comprehensive efficiency of the port group in the Yangtze River Delta region are higher than those in the southwest coastal port group, the southeast coastal port group and the Pearl River Delta port group. The overall situation of "north strong south weak". (2) overall efficiency analysis of coastal ports in 2008-2012, the technical efficiency of 21 ports generally showed an upward trend, among which, The highest five-year growth rate of Rizhao Port is 279.28, and the lowest five-year growth rate of Qinhuangdao Port is -5.67 in 2008-2012. The overall efficiency of 21 coastal ports has generally shown a downward trend, among which, Tianjin Port has the highest five-year growth rate of 18.56, while Qingdao Port has the lowest five-year growth rate of -62.55. The ranking of technical efficiency and comprehensive efficiency is very large, the comprehensive efficiency value is high, and its data variance is small, and the data distribution is concentrated. It is more suitable for evaluating the overall performance level of the port. (4) the average comprehensive efficiency of a single port is divided into four echelons. The 21 ports have a large gap in efficiency, and there is a widespread phenomenon of excessive investment and waste of resources. The analysis of port redundancy shows that, The proportion of investment needed to be reduced by the port group around the Bohai Sea and the port group in the Yangtze River Delta region is relatively small, while that of the other three port groups, such as the Pearl Harbor, is relatively small, in order to achieve an effective frontier of comprehensive efficiency. Reduce the length of production wharf by 0.76% and the number of berths by 76.49%, respectively.
【學位授予單位】：中國科學技術大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F552;U691

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