本文選題：費(fèi)托油　切入點(diǎn)：蒸餾　出處：《北京化工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著世界石油資源的短缺和環(huán)保要求不斷地提高,由煤、天然氣經(jīng)費(fèi)托合成技術(shù)合成液體燃料已成為業(yè)內(nèi)關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。費(fèi)托合成油最大的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是無硫、無氮,屬于清潔燃料,符合日益嚴(yán)格的環(huán)境法規(guī)要求。由于費(fèi)托合成過程的多樣性和復(fù)雜性,許多國家仍在投入大量資金進(jìn)行關(guān)于費(fèi)托合成的研究,而在關(guān)于分離費(fèi)托油的技術(shù)方面的研究較少。許多費(fèi)托合成油產(chǎn)品的特性仍不被研究者所知。本文首先對費(fèi)托合成油的樣品進(jìn)行了理化性能的測定研究,并在此研究基礎(chǔ)上,應(yīng)用Aspen Plus這一大型化工流程模擬軟件,對費(fèi)托合成油的分離切割過程進(jìn)行了蒸餾模擬。分別針對不同的切割要求和產(chǎn)品要求,對比并選取了適合的蒸餾工藝流程。分別對費(fèi)托油的二級常減壓蒸餾、三級常減壓蒸餾、二級常壓蒸餾和三級常壓蒸餾分離工藝流程進(jìn)行了模擬,得到了溫度壓力、各項(xiàng)流量、能耗、產(chǎn)品蒸餾餾程、分離質(zhì)量等重要參數(shù),分析了塔板的溫度、氣液相負(fù)荷的分布規(guī)律。對于針對石油助劑分離的二級常壓蒸餾,進(jìn)行了靈敏度分析,得到了常壓加熱爐溫度高低對各產(chǎn)品物流大小的影響。并依據(jù)所得數(shù)據(jù),對常壓加熱爐溫度這一能耗關(guān)鍵因素的變化進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)分析,找出了在保證產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的前提下,常壓加熱爐的最優(yōu)操作溫度。結(jié)果表明,對于費(fèi)托油處理量300kt/y的常減壓常規(guī)切割過程,加了初餾塔的三級常減壓蒸餾工藝優(yōu)于二級常減壓蒸餾工藝。而針對油田助劑進(jìn)行分離時(shí),產(chǎn)品分離質(zhì)量隨常壓爐溫度升高而增強(qiáng),310℃的常壓爐溫為符合產(chǎn)品分離質(zhì)量要求的前提下,使總收益最大的最佳溫度,此時(shí)每噸費(fèi)托油收益為1899元。對于費(fèi)托油處理量10kt/y的中試裝置,三個(gè)簡單塔串聯(lián)的工藝流程合理、分離效果較好。
[Abstract]:With the shortage of petroleum resources in the world and the increasing requirement of environmental protection, the synthesis of liquid fuel from coal and natural gas has become the focus of attention in the industry. The biggest advantage of Fischer synthetic oil is that it has no sulfur, no nitrogen, and belongs to clean fuel. Meeting increasingly stringent environmental regulatory requirements. Owing to the diversity and complexity of the Fischer synthesis process, many countries are still investing heavily in research on Fischer synthesis, However, there are few studies on the separation technology of Fischer oil. Many of the properties of Fischer synthetic oil products are still unknown to the researchers. In this paper, the physical and chemical properties of the samples of Fischer synthetic oil are studied, and on the basis of these studies, The separation and cutting process of Fischer synthetic oil has been simulated by distillation with Aspen Plus, which is a large-scale chemical process simulation software. By comparing and selecting the suitable distillation process, the separation processes of two stage atmospheric and vacuum distillation, three stage atmospheric and vacuum distillation, two stage normal pressure distillation and three stage normal pressure distillation of Fischer oil were simulated, and the temperature, pressure and flow rate were obtained. Some important parameters, such as energy consumption, distillation range, separation quality and so on, are analyzed. The temperature of the tray and the distribution of gas-liquid load are analyzed. The sensitivity analysis of the secondary atmospheric distillation for the separation of petroleum auxiliaries is carried out. The influence of the temperature of the atmospheric heating furnace on the logistics of each product is obtained. According to the data, the change of the temperature of the atmospheric heating furnace as a key factor of energy consumption is analyzed economically, and the premise of ensuring the quality of the product is found out. The optimum operating temperature of atmospheric heating furnace. The results show that for the normal cutting process of 300kt / y of Fett oil, The three-stage atmospheric and vacuum distillation process with primary distillation column is superior to the second-order atmospheric and vacuum distillation process. The product separation quality increases with the increase of atmospheric pressure furnace temperature and the atmospheric pressure furnace temperature of 310 鈩，

本文編號：1565809