本文關(guān)鍵詞： 緩堵 收費(fèi)站 設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù) 仿真　出處：《河北工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：高速公路作為最基本的交通運(yùn)輸設(shè)施,因其高效廉價(jià)的特點(diǎn)成為現(xiàn)代公路運(yùn)輸?shù)暮诵�。�?jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展和全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的大融合,以高速公路為主要運(yùn)輸方式的現(xiàn)代物流業(yè)的發(fā)展迅猛。另一方面,隨著國民收入的增加和我國汽車工業(yè)的發(fā)展,而公路出行方便快捷的特點(diǎn)使得它受到自駕一族的青睞。貨運(yùn)與客運(yùn)兩方面的共同推動,導(dǎo)致了高速公路車流量的成倍增長。然而,隨著我國高速公路的迅猛發(fā)展,高速公路收費(fèi)站的通行能力往往不能很好的與高速公路的通行能力相匹配,導(dǎo)致在收費(fèi)站處經(jīng)常發(fā)生交通擁堵,影響了高速公路的通行能力,嚴(yán)重時(shí)甚至造成主路交通中斷。與此同時(shí),收費(fèi)站對交通系統(tǒng)通行能力的瓶頸作用也體現(xiàn)在環(huán)境污染、交通安全等問題上。我國高速公路交通工程的研究工作卻相對滯后,既存的收費(fèi)站設(shè)計(jì)、建設(shè)規(guī)范不完善,國內(nèi)外研究也并未形成完整理論。本文以京津冀地區(qū)主線收費(fèi)站作為研究對象,側(cè)重于分析提高收費(fèi)站通行能力的途徑,為收費(fèi)站的規(guī)劃、設(shè)計(jì)、管理和建設(shè)提供科學(xué)的理論依據(jù)。本文對現(xiàn)有高速公路收費(fèi)站的平面線性布置、車輛參數(shù)、收費(fèi)服務(wù)現(xiàn)狀等進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)查,充分分析現(xiàn)有高速公路收費(fèi)站的運(yùn)行模式、交通流特性、擁堵原因以及現(xiàn)有復(fù)式收費(fèi)模式的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),找出改進(jìn)收費(fèi)站的突破口。在節(jié)約土地資源、減少擴(kuò)建成本的前提下,根據(jù)相關(guān)調(diào)查和分析,結(jié)合目前的交通工程學(xué)、交通工程設(shè)施設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范,提出改進(jìn)優(yōu)化的新型收費(fèi)站模型,確定其運(yùn)行過程、線性參數(shù)、標(biāo)志標(biāo)線設(shè)計(jì)、交通控制以及突發(fā)情況處理。并利用VISSIM仿真軟件對新型收費(fèi)站的關(guān)鍵參數(shù)進(jìn)行了仿真計(jì)算,建立新型收費(fèi)站的詳細(xì)模型圖。本設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了以下三個(gè)方面的改進(jìn):第一,首次提出了單入雙出復(fù)式收費(fèi)的小客車專用車道模型,確定了全新的交通流分配方案。并通過計(jì)算機(jī)仿真計(jì)算,優(yōu)化了收費(fèi)車道長度,將收費(fèi)站運(yùn)行效率最優(yōu)化。新模型大大提高了收費(fèi)站的通行能力,對于緩解交通擁堵有重要意義。第二,優(yōu)化了收費(fèi)站的布局,充分利用收費(fèi)站的縱向空間。提高收費(fèi)站的土地利用率,節(jié)約土地面積。有助于緩解交通建設(shè)和耕地緊張之間的矛盾。第三,新模型通過減少擁堵排隊(duì)時(shí)車輛的起制動次數(shù),降低了油耗和尾氣排放。節(jié)約資源,保護(hù)環(huán)境,為低碳交通提供新的思路。
[Abstract]:As the most basic transportation facilities, freeway has become the core of modern road transportation because of its high efficiency and low cost, the rapid development of economy and the integration of global economy. On the other hand, with the increase of national income and the development of China's automobile industry, the modern logistics industry, which takes the highway as the main mode of transportation, is developing rapidly. The convenience of highway travel makes it favored by self-driving people. The joint promotion of freight and passenger traffic leads to the increase of freeway traffic. However. With the rapid development of expressway in our country, the capacity of toll collection station is often not well matched with the capacity of highway, which leads to traffic congestion at toll station. At the same time, the bottleneck effect of toll station on traffic capacity is also reflected in environmental pollution. On traffic safety and other issues, the research work of highway traffic engineering in China is relatively lagging behind, the existing toll station design, construction norms are not perfect. The research at home and abroad has not formed a complete theory. This paper takes the main line toll station in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area as the research object, focusing on the analysis of the ways to improve the capacity of toll stations, for the planning and design of toll stations. Management and construction provide a scientific theoretical basis. This paper carries out a data survey on the plane linear layout, vehicle parameters, toll service status of the existing expressway toll stations. This paper fully analyzes the operation mode, traffic flow characteristics, congestion reasons and the advantages and disadvantages of the existing double toll collection mode, and finds out the breakthrough to improve the toll collection station. Under the premise of reducing the cost of expansion, according to the relevant investigation and analysis, combined with the current traffic engineering, traffic engineering facilities design standards and specifications, an improved and optimized new toll station model is proposed to determine its operation process. Linear parameters, marking design, traffic control and emergency handling. The key parameters of the new toll station are simulated and calculated by VISSIM simulation software. Build the detailed model diagram of the new toll station. The design has realized the following three aspects of improvement: first, the first time to put forward a single-in-double-out dual-type passenger car special lane model. The new traffic flow allocation scheme is determined and the length of toll lane is optimized by computer simulation. The operation efficiency of toll station is optimized. The new model greatly improves the capacity of toll station. To alleviate traffic congestion has an important significance. Second, optimize the layout of toll stations, make full use of the vertical space of toll stations, and improve the land use rate of toll stations. Saving land area. It helps to alleviate the contradiction between traffic construction and cultivated land tension. Third, the new model reduces fuel consumption and exhaust emissions by reducing the number of braking times of vehicles in congested queues. Protect the environment and provide new ideas for low-carbon transportation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U417.7

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：1467137