本文關(guān)鍵詞：濃縮沼液的配方有機(jī)液肥開發(fā)研究　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 沼液 反滲透濃縮 配方肥開發(fā) 小白菜 油麥菜 肥效試驗(yàn)

【摘要】：近年來,隨著畜牧養(yǎng)殖業(yè)的發(fā)展,沼氣工程發(fā)展迅速,所產(chǎn)生的沼液污染也日益加劇。沼液雖含有豐富的營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素、氨基酸、腐植酸、生長(zhǎng)素、水解酶、維生素等生物活性物質(zhì),其處理大多只停留在直接農(nóng)田消納模式。由于沼液的連續(xù)排放和季節(jié)性用肥需求的矛盾很難解決,物流運(yùn)送成本高,沼液仍然是面源污染重點(diǎn)要解決的問題。同時(shí)沼液缺乏相應(yīng)的肥料標(biāo)準(zhǔn),難以商品化,所以亟待研發(fā)沼液高值化利用模式。本文結(jié)合沼液富含養(yǎng)分的特性,將其進(jìn)行濃縮分離并開發(fā)為液體配方氨基酸型和腐植酸型的有機(jī)肥,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行小白菜和油麥菜的肥效試驗(yàn),獲得以下結(jié)果：(1)對(duì)豬糞沼液進(jìn)行1-10倍反滲透膜濃縮試驗(yàn),發(fā)現(xiàn)沼液原液富含氮磷鉀、微量元素、有機(jī)質(zhì)、氨基酸及腐植酸等成分,并且隨著濃縮倍數(shù)的增加,沼液濃縮液的氨氮、全氮、全磷、全鉀、有機(jī)質(zhì)、氨基酸、腐植酸及部分微量元素的含量呈增加趨勢(shì),沼液的電導(dǎo)率也不斷增加,而pH維持8.0左右。(2)利用沼液十倍濃縮液開發(fā)成的濃縮沼液配方肥,其各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)含量均符合農(nóng)業(yè)部NY1106-2010、NY1429-2010標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。其中含氨基酸型配方肥的游離氨基酸含量達(dá)121.6g/L,含腐殖酸型配方肥的腐殖酸含量達(dá)38.52 g/L。(3)選用以清水為溶劑開發(fā)的清水氨基酸配方肥和腐植酸配方肥,以及奧捷“苗歡”氨基酸水溶肥、“沃土”腐植酸水溶肥作為對(duì)比肥料,開展肥效試驗(yàn)。在試驗(yàn)中發(fā)現(xiàn),相比于清水配方肥及“奧捷”水溶肥,施用濃縮沼液配方肥能顯著提高小白菜和油麥菜的產(chǎn)量及還原型Vc、可溶性糖等養(yǎng)分含量,抑制硝酸鹽積累,并且在一定程度上提高土壤過氧化氫酶、脲酶活性,提高土壤肥力。隨著施肥次數(shù)增加,酶活性呈增加趨勢(shì)。沖施肥葉面肥配合施用模式效果最好。隨著沼液配方肥施肥量增加,小白菜及油麥菜的產(chǎn)量和養(yǎng)分含量基本呈現(xiàn)先增加后減少的趨勢(shì)。施用稀釋250倍的沼液配方肥對(duì)小白菜生長(zhǎng)最為有利,施用稀釋100倍的沼液配方肥對(duì)于油麥菜生長(zhǎng)及養(yǎng)分積累最有利。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of animal husbandry, biogas engineering is developing rapidly, and the pollution of biogas liquid is becoming more and more serious. Although biogas contains rich nutrients, amino acids, humic acid, auxin, hydrolase. The treatment of bioactive substances such as vitamins is mostly confined to the mode of direct farmland absorption. Because the contradiction between the continuous discharge of biogas liquid and seasonal fertilizer demand is difficult to solve, the logistics transportation cost is high. Biogas liquid is still the key problem to be solved by non-point source pollution. At the same time, it is difficult to commercialize the biogas liquid due to the lack of corresponding fertilizer standard, so it is urgent to develop a high value utilization mode of biogas liquid. This paper combines the characteristics of rich nutrients of biogas liquid. It was concentrated and separated and developed into organic fertilizer of liquid amino acid and humic acid, and the fertilizer efficiency of pakchoi and greasy vegetable was tested. The results showed that the biogas liquor was rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, trace elements, organic matter, amino acid and humic acid. With the increase of concentration ratio, the contents of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, organic matter, amino acid, humic acid and some trace elements in the concentrated biogas liquor showed an increasing trend, and the electrical conductivity of the biogas liquid also increased. However, pH maintained around 8.0) the formula fertilizer of concentrated biogas liquid was developed by 10 times of concentrated biogas liquid, and the content of each index was in accordance with NY1106-2010 of the Ministry of Agriculture. NY1429-2010 standard. The free amino acid content of the formula fertilizer containing amino acid was 121.6 g / L. The humic acid content of humic acid type fertilizer was 38.52 g / L 路L ~ (-3)) the formula fertilizer of amino acid and humic acid was developed with clear water as solvent, and the "Miaohuan" amino acid was dissolved in water. The "fertile soil" humic acid water-soluble fertilizer was used as a contrast fertilizer to carry out the fertilizer effect test. In the experiment, it was found that compared with the water formula fertilizer and the "Aojie" water-soluble fertilizer. The application of concentrated biogas liquid fertilizer could significantly increase the yield of pakchoi and oat vegetables and the contents of nutrients such as reduced VC soluble sugar and so on inhibit nitrate accumulation and improve soil catalase to a certain extent. Urease activity increased soil fertility. With the increase of fertilization times, enzyme activity showed an increasing trend. The yield and nutrient content of pakchoi and greasy vegetable showed the trend of increasing first and then decreasing. The growth of pakchoi was most favorable to the growth of pakchoi by using 250 times diluted biogas liquid fertilizer. The application of 100 times diluted biogas liquid formula fertilizer is the most favorable for the growth and nutrient accumulation of oatmeal.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S141

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