【摘要】：在中國財政分權(quán)的制度背景下，地方政府的財權(quán)和事權(quán)得到下放，財政收支的自主權(quán)利日益加強，因此圍繞政治晉升的財政支出競爭在全國范圍內(nèi)展開。為了在政治錦標(biāo)賽中獲勝，地方政府通過財政支出決策的策略競爭來爭奪有限的社會資源，而這種競爭也會相應(yīng)帶來經(jīng)濟效應(yīng)和社會效應(yīng)，其中環(huán)境效應(yīng)是社會效應(yīng)的最重要組成部分之一。 本文探討了地方政府間管理類、經(jīng)濟生產(chǎn)類和科教文衛(wèi)類財政支出競爭對環(huán)境質(zhì)量的影響效應(yīng)，首先建立了“雙維度”標(biāo)尺競爭的理論框架，并分析了各類支出競爭對環(huán)境的影響路徑；對支出競爭和環(huán)境污染時間變化和空間差異的現(xiàn)狀進行概述，并構(gòu)建了支出競爭的環(huán)境效應(yīng)模型，運用中國省級面板數(shù)據(jù)進行檢驗，最終得出結(jié)論：管理類支出競爭與經(jīng)濟生產(chǎn)類支出競爭對環(huán)境質(zhì)量有著反向的抑制作用，而科教文衛(wèi)類支出競爭則有利于改善環(huán)境。另外財政支出競爭又因存在“雙維度”的特性而影響了環(huán)境質(zhì)量的變化：從時間維度看，支出競爭將經(jīng)歷從“為增長而競爭”到“為和諧而競爭”的轉(zhuǎn)變，從而帶來環(huán)境質(zhì)量的改善；從空間維度看，發(fā)達地區(qū)的支出競爭逐漸轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐钥平涛男l(wèi)類支出競爭為主，環(huán)境污染轉(zhuǎn)移帶來環(huán)境質(zhì)量的進步，欠發(fā)達地區(qū)仍然停留在經(jīng)濟生產(chǎn)類支出競爭為主的形態(tài)，承接污染轉(zhuǎn)移導(dǎo)致環(huán)境污染的進一步惡化。 因此，要針對地方政府間非規(guī)范競爭的原因，，增加對地方政府環(huán)境保護的政治導(dǎo)向和激勵機制，將環(huán)境保護納入政績考核標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和制度，加強分權(quán)體制合理性，這將有利于解決地方政府間環(huán)境質(zhì)量競爭到底。
[Abstract]:Under the background of fiscal decentralization in China, the financial and administrative powers of local governments have been devolved, and the autonomy of fiscal revenue and expenditure has been strengthened day by day. Therefore, the competition of fiscal expenditure around political promotion has been carried out all over the country. In order to win the political championship, local governments compete for limited social resources through the strategic competition of fiscal expenditure decision-making, and this kind of competition will also bring economic and social effects. Among them, the environmental effect is one of the most important components of the social effect. This paper discusses the influence of financial expenditure competition among local governments, economic production and science, education, culture and health on environmental quality. Firstly, the theoretical framework of "two-dimensional" scale competition is established. And analyzed the influence path of all kinds of expenditure competition to the environment; This paper summarizes the present situation of the temporal change and spatial difference of expenditure competition and environmental pollution, and constructs the environmental effect model of expenditure competition, which is tested by using the provincial panel data of China. Finally, it is concluded that the competition of management expenditure and the competition of economic production have a reverse restraining effect on environmental quality, while the competition of expenditure of science, education, culture and health is beneficial to the improvement of environment. In addition, the competition of fiscal expenditure has influenced the change of environmental quality because of the characteristics of "two dimensions": from the perspective of time, the competition of expenditure will experience the transformation from "competition for growth" to "competition for harmony". Thus bring about the improvement of environmental quality; From the spatial dimension, the expenditure competition in developed areas is gradually transformed into the expenditure competition based on science, education, culture and health, and the transfer of environmental pollution brings about the progress of environmental quality. The underdeveloped areas still remain in the form of economic production expenditure competition. Undertaking pollution transfer leads to further deterioration of environmental pollution. Therefore, in view of the reasons of non-standard competition among local governments, we should increase the political orientation and incentive mechanism for environmental protection of local governments, incorporate environmental protection into the standards and systems for assessing political achievements, and strengthen the rationality of the decentralized system. This will help solve the local government environmental quality competition to the end.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：暨南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F812.45

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