【摘要】：家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責(zé)任制實(shí)行以后,我國(guó)的農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)得到了快速地發(fā)展，但也面臨著很多嚴(yán)峻的問(wèn)題和挑戰(zhàn),農(nóng)村金融體系的發(fā)展不適應(yīng)現(xiàn)階段農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的需求就是其中之一。我國(guó)農(nóng)村金融市場(chǎng)面對(duì)的主要服務(wù)對(duì)象是小農(nóng)戶以及農(nóng)村中小企業(yè)，小農(nóng)戶的文化素質(zhì)水平普遍偏低，且通常都是頻繁的小型交易；中小企業(yè)在農(nóng)業(yè)的投資上也普遍面臨的是周期過(guò)長(zhǎng)、資金回籠慢，農(nóng)業(yè)投資的收益太低，且常常要面臨巨大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。所以農(nóng)村金融市場(chǎng)是很難發(fā)展起來(lái)的，，這里既有正規(guī)金融不愿意供給的原因，也有非正規(guī)金融不規(guī)范、承受不了高成本的原因，這些都或多或少地成為了我國(guó)農(nóng)村金融改革路上的絆腳石，嚴(yán)重阻礙和制約著我國(guó)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。 我國(guó)農(nóng)村金融體系的改革與發(fā)展，直接決定了我國(guó)能否從根本上解決“三農(nóng)問(wèn)題”。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，正規(guī)金融供給短缺、非正規(guī)金融成本過(guò)高難以滿足農(nóng)村金融的需求，同時(shí)農(nóng)村借款人與放貸人之間存在著嚴(yán)重的信息不對(duì)稱問(wèn)題，這些使得農(nóng)村金融市場(chǎng)的發(fā)展出現(xiàn)失靈。僅靠我國(guó)現(xiàn)存的農(nóng)村金融是不可能滿足新農(nóng)村建設(shè)對(duì)于資金的需求的。作為國(guó)家公共領(lǐng)域發(fā)展的重要資金力量,財(cái)政部門要建設(shè)農(nóng)村金融體系，就要有一些有效的財(cái)政政策來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)，從而為支持我國(guó)的新農(nóng)村建設(shè)、解決好“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題創(chuàng)造良好的條件。因此，政府介入農(nóng)村金融的發(fā)展是必須的。 農(nóng)村金融可以說(shuō)是我國(guó)金融體系中最薄弱的環(huán)節(jié),為彌補(bǔ)農(nóng)村金融市場(chǎng)機(jī)制的缺陷、解決金融機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)于涉農(nóng)領(lǐng)域的信息不對(duì)稱以及管理成本高的難題，我國(guó)已經(jīng)采取了一定的財(cái)政政策措施，取得了一定的成效。當(dāng)然，財(cái)政政策在支持農(nóng)村金融體系建設(shè)中也存在著不足，比如財(cái)政支持資金的投入不足，資金使用分散，投資效益較低，結(jié)構(gòu)較為不合理，政策工具缺乏一定的靈活性，監(jiān)督力度較弱等一系列的問(wèn)題，因此支持農(nóng)村金融體系建設(shè)的財(cái)政政策亟需改革和創(chuàng)新。 在我國(guó)的轉(zhuǎn)型經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中，農(nóng)村金融機(jī)構(gòu)的發(fā)展與變遷是一直都是由政府主導(dǎo)的，因此，在當(dāng)前的宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)背景下，深入地分析和研究推進(jìn)農(nóng)村金融體系發(fā)展的財(cái)政政策將具有深遠(yuǎn)的歷史意義和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
[Abstract]:After the implementation of the household contract responsibility system, the rural economy of our country has been developed rapidly, but it also faces many severe problems and challenges. The development of rural financial system is one of them. The main service objects of the rural financial market in our country are small farmers and small and medium-sized enterprises in rural areas. The level of cultural quality of small farmers is generally on the low side, and they are usually small and frequent transactions. The investment of small and medium-sized enterprises in agriculture is also generally faced with the cycle is too long, the return of funds is slow, the return of agricultural investment is too low, and often face a huge risk. Therefore, the rural financial market is very difficult to develop. There are not only the reasons why formal finance is unwilling to supply, but also the non-standard financial sector, which cannot afford the high cost. These are more or less stumbling blocks on the road of rural financial reform, which seriously hinder and restrict the sustainable and healthy development of rural economy. The reform and development of China's rural financial system directly determines whether we can fundamentally solve the "three rural issues". Generally speaking, the supply of formal finance is short, the cost of informal finance is too high to meet the demand of rural finance, and there is a serious problem of information asymmetry between rural borrowers and lenders. These make the development of rural financial market appear malfunction. It is impossible to meet the demand for capital of new rural construction by relying on the existing rural finance in our country. As an important capital force for the development of the national public domain, the financial sector must have some effective financial policies to deal with the construction of the rural financial system, in order to support the new rural construction of our country. Solve the "three rural" problems to create good conditions. Therefore, it is necessary for the government to intervene in the development of rural finance. Rural finance can be said to be the weakest link in the financial system of our country. In order to make up for the defects of rural financial market mechanism and solve the problem of information asymmetry and high management cost of financial institutions in the field of agriculture, rural finance can be said to be the weakest link in our country's financial system. Our country has already taken certain financial policy measure, obtained certain result. Of course, there are also deficiencies in the fiscal policy in supporting the construction of the rural financial system. For example, insufficient investment in financial support funds, scattered use of funds, low investment returns, unreasonable structure, and lack of flexibility in policy instruments. Therefore, the fiscal policy supporting the construction of rural financial system is in urgent need of reform and innovation. In the development of China's transition economy, the development and changes of rural financial institutions have always been led by the government, therefore, in the current macroeconomic background, It is of great historical and practical significance to deeply analyze and study the financial policy of promoting the development of rural financial system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F832.35;F812.0

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 王文樂(lè);;農(nóng)村金融供給短缺的現(xiàn)狀及對(duì)策[J];企業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì);2008年10期

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