我國地方政府稅收競爭問題研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-11-01 14:20
【摘要】:改革開放以來,我國經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)高速發(fā)展,取得了舉世矚目的成就。這是多種因素共同作用的結(jié)果,其中政治集權(quán)與財(cái)政分權(quán)的管理體制是影響我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要方面。我國的財(cái)政分權(quán)體制改革始終是建立在政治集中制框架基礎(chǔ)上的,財(cái)政分權(quán)與政治集權(quán)被認(rèn)為是中國式分權(quán)的核心特征。這種以經(jīng)濟(jì)增長為導(dǎo)向的晉升激勵(lì)與以財(cái)政分權(quán)為基礎(chǔ)的經(jīng)濟(jì)分權(quán),為我國地方政府間競爭提供了政治激勵(lì)與經(jīng)濟(jì)激勵(lì)。這種治理模式為我國的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長提供了強(qiáng)大的動(dòng)力,使我國在市場化改革相對(duì)不完善的情況下經(jīng)濟(jì)取得了迅猛發(fā)展,形成“為增長而競爭”的局面。地方政府間進(jìn)行稅收競爭可以減輕納稅人的稅收負(fù)擔(dān),有助于企業(yè)輕裝上陣、加速發(fā)展,從而可能擴(kuò)大稅基,使地方政府稅收收入不減反升。有效的競爭無疑會(huì)提高資源的配置效率,但在現(xiàn)實(shí)競爭過程中往往存在各種外部性,使得競爭效率下降甚至產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。由于我國分稅制改革不夠徹底,中央與地方間財(cái)權(quán)與事權(quán)劃分不清,使我國地方政府間的稅收競爭愈演愈烈,甚至在部分地區(qū)出現(xiàn)了惡性稅收競爭。導(dǎo)致企業(yè)周旋于政策游戲中,反而忽視了自身發(fā)展。隨著我國市場化改革的不斷推進(jìn),市場分割、重復(fù)建設(shè)、諸侯經(jīng)濟(jì)等政府間競爭帶來的弊端不斷顯現(xiàn),從我國企業(yè)頻繁的在地區(qū)間轉(zhuǎn)移,不斷的關(guān)舊廠開新廠到各地區(qū)紛紛設(shè)立“保護(hù)區(qū)”等現(xiàn)象,都在提示我們應(yīng)該對(duì)我國地方政府間的稅收競爭重新加以審視。 在以上背景下,本文認(rèn)為中國幅員遼闊,各地經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況各不相同,其進(jìn)行稅收競爭的政策工具也不相同。所以為了準(zhǔn)確把握政府間的財(cái)政分配與均衡關(guān)系特征,對(duì)省級(jí)以下地區(qū)的稅收競爭研究極為重要。所以本文在現(xiàn)有研究的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步研究我市級(jí)地方政府間稅收競爭的策略性互動(dòng)行為,分析其對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長帶來的效應(yīng),在此基礎(chǔ)上為我國地方政府間稅收競爭協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展提供政策建議。 本文首先介紹了文章的選題背景、研究目的與意義。然后進(jìn)入文獻(xiàn)綜述部分,總結(jié)了國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)稅收競爭的定義,并對(duì)本文主要考察的政府間稅收政策的策略性反應(yīng)問題及政府間稅收競爭的經(jīng)濟(jì)績效問題研究的理論與實(shí)證文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行了梳理,并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出本文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)。第二章結(jié)合我國實(shí)際情況,歸納總結(jié)了我國地方政府間稅收競爭的發(fā)展歷程、表現(xiàn)形式以及其帶來的正負(fù)效應(yīng)。第三章和第四章為本文的實(shí)證部分,本文以江浙滬地區(qū)為例,,利用2003-2010年的城市面板數(shù)據(jù),實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)了我國市級(jí)地方政府間稅收競爭的存在性以及其對(duì)我國地方經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的影響。本文建立空間滯后模型的回歸結(jié)果顯示無論是距離加權(quán)還是經(jīng)濟(jì)加權(quán),我國市級(jí)地方政府間宏觀稅負(fù)均正相關(guān),說明我國江浙滬地區(qū)存在明顯的稅收政策策略互動(dòng)行為。進(jìn)一步的實(shí)證結(jié)果顯示這種稅收競爭行為阻礙了我國地方的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長,這可能不利于我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的長期穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。根據(jù)前文得出的結(jié)論,文章最后針對(duì)我國地方政府間稅收競爭的現(xiàn)狀以及存在的問題提出了相應(yīng)的政策建議。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening-up, our country has sustained high-speed development and has achieved remarkable achievements. This is the result of the common role of many factors, in which the administrative system of political centralization and fiscal decentralization is an important aspect of the economic development of our country. The reform of fiscal decentralization in China is always based on the framework of political centralism, and fiscal decentralization and political centralization are regarded as the core features of Chinese decentralization. The promotion incentive based on economic growth and economic decentralization based on fiscal decentralization provide political incentives and economic incentives for local government competition in our country. This kind of governance model provides powerful impetus for our country's economic growth, which makes our country develop rapidly and form the 鈥渃ompete for growth鈥
本文編號(hào):2304178
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening-up, our country has sustained high-speed development and has achieved remarkable achievements. This is the result of the common role of many factors, in which the administrative system of political centralization and fiscal decentralization is an important aspect of the economic development of our country. The reform of fiscal decentralization in China is always based on the framework of political centralism, and fiscal decentralization and political centralization are regarded as the core features of Chinese decentralization. The promotion incentive based on economic growth and economic decentralization based on fiscal decentralization provide political incentives and economic incentives for local government competition in our country. This kind of governance model provides powerful impetus for our country's economic growth, which makes our country develop rapidly and form the 鈥渃ompete for growth鈥
本文編號(hào):2304178
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